The Holinshed Texts (1577, Volume 3, p. 4)

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Certes, I haue béene of opinion, ſayeth Tully, that among the whole crue of Latine termes, the worde, Ineptus, hath béene of greateſt im|portance or weight. For he whome we name Ineptus, ſéemeth to mée, to haue the etimolo|gie or ofſpring of his name, here hence deri|ued, that he is not apt, which ſtretcheth farre and wyde, in the vſuall cuſtome of our dailye ſpeache or communication. For he that doth not perceyue, what is ſitting or decent for e|uerye ſeaſon, or gabbleth more then he hath commiſſion to doe, or that in bragging, boaſt|ing, or peacockwiſe ſetteth hymſelfe forth to the gaze, by making more of the broth, then y^e fleſh is worth, or he y^e regardeth not the voca|tion and affayres of them, with whõ he enter|medleth: or in fine, who ſo is ſtale w^tout grace or ouer tedious in any matter, he is tearmed Ineptus, (which is aſmuch in Engliſhe,Saucines. in my phantiſy, as ſauſy, or malapart) The famous and learned Gréeke nation is generally duſ|ked with this fault. And for that the Grecians could not eſpy the innormity therof, they haue not ſo much framed a term therto. For if you ſhould ranſacke the whole Gréeke language you ſhall not finde a worde to counteruayle Ineptus. Thus far Tully, yet Budaeus, woulde not ſéeme to acknowledge this barrenneſſe,Budae. lib. 2. de Aſſe. & part. eius. but that the Gréeke word [...], is e|quipolent, to Ineptus, but that I referre to the iudgement of the learned, being very willing to finde out ſome other Budaeus, that coulde faſhion an Iryſhe worde for Knaue, whereof this diſcourſe of Ineptus grewe. As the whole realme of Ireland is ſundred into foure prin|cipall parts, as before is ſayd, ſo eche parcell differeth very much in y^e Iriſhe tongue, eue|ry country hauing his dialect or peculiar ma|ner, in ſpeaking the language: therfore com|monly in Irelande they aſcribe a propertye to eche of the foure countryes in this ſorte. Vlſter hath the right Iriſhe phraſe, but not the true pronunciation: Mounſter hath y^e true pronunciation, but not the phraſe: Leinſter is deuoyde of the right phraſe, and true pronun|ciation. EEBO page image 577 Connaght hath both the right phraſe and true pronunciation. There is a cholerike or diſdainfull interiection vſed in the Iriſhe language,Iriſhe Boagh. called Boagh, which is as much in Engliſh as twiſh. The Iriſh both in auncient tyme and to this day commonly vſe it, & ther|fore the Engliſh Conquerors called them I|riſhe poghes, or pogh Maurice, which taun|tyng terme is at this day very wrongfully aſcribed to them of the Engliſh pale. The Engliſh interiection, foagh, which is vſed in lothing,Foagh. a ranke, or ſtrong ſauour, ſéemeth to be ſibbe to the other.

1.1. Of the nature of the ſoyle, and other incidentes. Chap. 2.

Of the nature of the ſoyle, and other incidentes. Chap. 2.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 THe ſoyle is lowe and watriſh, encludeth diuers little Iſlandes, enuironned wyth lakes and marriſh. Higheſt hilles haue ſtan|dyng pooles in theyr tops. Inhabitantes eſpe|cially new come, are ſubiect to diſtillations, reumes and flires. For remedy wherof, they vſe an ordinary drinke of Aqua vitae, Aqua vitae. ſo qual|lified in the makyng, that it dryeth more, and enflameth leſſe then other whote confections. One Theoricus wrote a proper treatiſe of A|qua vitae, Theoric. E|piſc. Her|menenſis in Roma|nula iuxta Bononiam. wherein he prayſeth it to the ninth degrée. He deſtmguiſheth thrée ſortes therof, Simplex, compoſita, and Perfectiſſima. He de|clareth the ſimples and ingrediences thereto belongyng. He wiſheth it to be taken as well before meate as after. It dryeth vp the brea|kyng out of handes,The com|modities of Aqua vitae. and killeth the fleſhe wormes, if you waſh your handes therewith. It ſkoureth all ſkurſe and ſkaldes from the head, beyng therewith daily waſhte before meales. Beyng moderately taken, ſayth he, it ſloeth age, it ſtrengtheneth youth, it helpeth digeſtion, it cutteth fleume, it abandoneth melancholy, it reliſheth the hart, it lighteneth the mynd, it quickeneth the ſpirites, it cureth the hydropſie, it healeth the ſtrangury, it poũ|ceth the ſtone, it expelleth grauell, it puffeth away all Ventoſitie, it kepeth and preferueth the hed from whirlyng, the eyes from daze|lyng, the tongue from liſpyng, the mouth frõ mafflyng, the téeth frõ chatteryng, the throte from ratling, the weaſan from ſtieflyng, the ſtomacke from wambling, the harte from ſwellyng, the belly from wirtchyng, the guts from rumblyng, the handes from ſhiuering, the ſmowes from ſhrinkyng, the veynes frõ crumpling, the bones from akyng, the mar|raw from ſoakyng.Vlſt. in coe|lo philoſ. vel de ſe|cret. nat. cap. 11. Vlſtadius alſo aſcribeth thereto a ſinguler prayſe, and would haue it to burne beyng kindled, which he taketh to be a token to know the goodneſſe therof. And truly it is a ſoueraigne liquour, if it be order|ly taken.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The ayre is very holeſome, not generally ſo cleare and ſubtill as that of Englande. The weather is more temperate, beyng not ſo warme in Sommer, nor colde in winter, as it is in Englande and Flaunders. The coun|trye is ſtoared with Bées, contrarye to the opinion of ſome wryters, who both in this & other errours, touching this countrye, maye eaſily be excuſed, as thoſe that wrote by here|ſay. No Vineyards, yet Grapes growe there as in Englande. They lacke the Roe buck, as Polichronicon writeth.Poli. lib. 2. cap. 32. They lack y^e Bird cal|led the Pye. Howbeit in the Engliſhe pale to thys daye, they vſe to tearme a ſlye coſener, a wyly Pye. wily pye. Camb. par. 1. diſt. 3. Cambrienſe in his time cõplai|neth, that Irelande had exceſſe of woode, and very little champayne grounde, but now the Engliſh pale is to naked. Turfe is their moſt fewell and ſeacoale.No vene|mous worme in Ireland. No venemous créeping beaſte is brought forth, or nouriſhed, or can liue in Irelande, being brought or ſent. And therfore the ſpyder of Ireland is wel known not to be venemous, onely becauſe a frogge was found lying in the medowes of Water|forde ſomewhat before the conqueſt they con|ſtrued it, to importe their ouerthrowe.Camb. part 1. diſt. 1.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Bede wryteth that ſerpentes conueighed to Irelande did preſently die,Bed. lib. 1. Angl. Hiſt. cap. 1. beyng touched with the ſmell of the lande, that whatſoeuer came from Irelande was then of ſouereigne vertue againſt poyſõ. He exemplifieth in cer|tayne men, ſtung of Adders, who dranke in water, the ſcrapings of bookes, that had béene of Irelande, and were cured. Generally it is obſerued, the farther weſt, the leſſe annoiance of peſtilent creatures. The want whereof is to Irelande ſo peculiar, that whereas it laye long in queſtion, to whether realme Bry|tayne or Irelande the Ile of man ſhould ap|pertayne,The con|trouerſie of the Iſl [...] of man de|cided. the ſayd controuerſie was decyded: that forſomuch as venemous beaſtes were knowen to bréede therein, it coulde not be a naturall part of Ireland. And contrarywiſe the Orchades are adiudged to be appendaunt to Irelande, becauſe thoſe Iſlandes,

Orcades appendaunt to Irelãd. Hector Bo|eth. in Scot. reg. deſcrip [...] pag. 9. Sect. 50.

Camb. to|po. lib. 1. diſt. 1. rub. 29.

neyther bréede nor foſter any venemous worme, as Hector Boethus aduoucheth. Giraldus Cam|brienſe, writeth that he hearde certayne Mer|chaunts affirme, that when they had vnladen theyr ſhippes in Irelande, they founde by hap ſome toades, vnder theyr balaſt. And they had no ſooner caſt them on the ſhore, then they would puffe and ſwell vnmeaſurably, & ſhort|ly after turning vp theyr bellyes, they would burſt in ſunder. And not onely the earth & duſt of Irelande, but alſo the verye thonges of I|riſhe leather, haue the ſame force and vertue.Cam. ibid. rub. 30.31. I haue ſene it, ſaith Cambriẽſe, experimẽted, EEBO page image 5 that a toade being encompaſſed with a thong of Iriſhe leather,Iriſh lea|ther expel|leth vene|mous wormes. and créepyng thitherward, endeuouring to haue ſkipt ouer it, ſodenly re|culed backe, as though it had bene rapte in the hed: wherupon it began to ſpraule to the other ſide. But at length perceiuyng that the thong did embay it of all partes, it began to thyrle, and as it were to dig the earth, where findyng an hole, it ſluncke away in the pre|ſence of ſondry perſons.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 It happened alſo in my tyme, ſayeth Giral|dus Cambrienſe, Cambri. in eodem lo|co. that in the North of Englãd a knot of yoongkers tooke a nap in the fieldes. As one of them lay ſnorting with his mouth gaping, as though he would haue caught flies, it happened that a Snake or Adder ſlipt into his mouth, and glyded downe into his bellye, where herboring it ſelfe, it be ganne to roame vp and downe and to feede on the young man his entralles. The pacient being ſore diſtrac|ted and aboue meaſure tormented wyth the byting pangues of this gréedie gueſt, ineeſ|ſantly prayed to God, that if it ſtoode wyth his gracious will, eyther wholly to berieue him of his lyfe, or elſe of his vnſpeakeable mercie to eaſe him of his payne. The worme woulde neuer ceaſe from gnawing the pa|cient his carkaſſe, but when he had taken his repaſt. And his meare was no ſooner digeſted, then it woulde giue a freſhe onſet in boaring his guttes. Diuers remedies were ſought, as medicines, pilgrimages to Sainctes: but all could not preuayle. Being at length ſchw|led by the graue aduiſe of ſome ſage and ex|pert father, that willed him to make his ſpée|die repayre to Ireland, would tract no time, but buſked himſelfe ouerſea, and arriued in Irelande. He dyd not ſooner drinke of the wa|ter of that Iſlande, and taken of the victuals of Ireland, but forthwith he kilde the Snake, auoyded it downewarde, and ſo being luſtye and liuely he returned into Englande. Thus farre Giraldus Cambrienſe. There be ſome, that mooue queſtion,whether venemous wormes wer expel|led Irelãd through y^e prayers of [...]. Patrike. whither the want of ve|nemous Woormes be to be imputed to the propertie of the ſoyle, or to be aſcribed to the prayers of S. Patricke, who couerted that Iſlande. The greater parte father it on S. Patricke, eſpecially ſuch as wryte hys lyfe aſwell a parte, as in the legende of Iriſhe Sainctes. Giraldus Cambrienſe diſaffirmeth flatly that opinion, and taketh it to be a ſecret or hidden propertie naturally vnited to the ſoyle,Policht. lib. 1. cap. 32. from whome Polichronicon doth not ſwarne. For my part as I am wedded to nei|ther of both the opinions, ſo I woulde haue béene eaſily perſwaded being neyther hote nor colde in the matter, to reſt as a luke|warme Neuter in omitting the one and the other vnſkande, were it not that one M. Alan Cope, as ſome other that maſketh vnder hys viſours, more ſclaunderouſly then pithily had buſied himſelfe therin. Wherfore ſith I may with better warrant defende my natiue coũ|trey, then he or his betters may reprooue it, eſpecially, where his ſclaunderous reportes are vnderpropt wyth flimme flamme ſur|miſes: I purpoſe vnder M. Cope his correc|tion to coape and buckle with hym herein, and before he beare the ball to the goaſe, to trippe him, if I may, in the way. And becauſe (gentle Reader) I minde to make thée an in|different vmpyre in this controuerſie, for the better vnderſtanding of the matter, I will laye downe M. Cope his wordes, in ſuch wiſe as they are imprinted in his booke. Firſt ther|fore thou muſt vnderſtande, that his booke is made in dialogue wiſe, a kinde of writing as vſed, ſo commended of the learned. In theſe dialogues Ireneus an Engliſh man and Cri|tobulus a Germaine play the partes. Ireneus entreth into the ſtage; and in this wyſe be|ginneth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Incipiã à S. Paulo [...] noſti in Melita (quam ho|die Maltam appellant) Paulum viperam à ma|nu pendentem in ignem excuſſiſſe. Alan. Co|pus dialog. 3. acd. 28. In ea inſu|la Scorpiones, qui alibi ſunt letales, Pauli, vt creditur, munere ſunt innoxij.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Critobulus. Fortaſſe hoc habet a natura.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Iren. Falleris: nam infulani, vt Lucas refert, clamabant, delatum eo patricidã, cui cum mare peperciſſet, irati dij ſerpentes, qui cum collerẽt, immiſiſſent: nec quicquam magis quàm prae|ſentem eius mortem expectabant. A qua cùm ille tantum abeſſet, vt nihil omninò damni aut doloris inde ſentiret, in admirationem acti, di|xerunt, eum longe ſupra hominem eſſe, & de|um ſub humana ſpecte.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Crit. Sle eſt, vt dicis.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Iren. Caetera ita audi: E ſpecu, ad quem di|uertiſſe dicitur, colliguntur lapides in tota fer|me Europa ſalutates. Adhaec, quos naſci octauo Calendas Februarij contingit (qui dies conuer|ſionis elus memoriae dicatus eſt) quaecun cos orbis pars in lucem proferat, non horrent nec formidant angues, imò quod magis eſt, ſola ſa|liua horum morſibus medentur. Id quod ho|mo doctiſſimus & diligentiſſimus Thomas Fazellus nuper prodidit, vſu ipſo rerum,Thomas Fazellus. & certis, ni fallor, exemplis ab eo obſeruatum.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Crit. Iſta quidem digna ſunt obſeruatione: & iam recordor, melegiſſe ac ſaepius audiſſe, pre|cibus beati Patricij Hiberniae apoſtoli, ei regio|ni ſimile beneficium indultum, ne ea inſula ali|quid letale pariat. Dici fortaſsè inde à nonnul|lis ſolet, nihil eſſe in Hibernia venenati prae|ter ipſos homines, quod propter feros & agre|ſtes corum mores dictum a plaeriſ accipitur.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 EEBO page image 578 Iren. Eam regionem nihil peſtiferum aut ve|nenatum alere,B [...]d. lib. 1. Ang. hiſt. c. 1. tum ex multorum ſermonibus, cum ex Beda intelligo: adeò vt terra illius re|gionis exportata, peſtifera ac venenata ani|malia extinguat. V [...]rùm id quicquid eſt, non Patricio, ſed naturae regionis tribuo, propterea quòd longè ante Patricium natum cõſtet,Sententia definitiua. Solin. c. 35. eam fuiſſe eius regionis dotem, quam non eſt diffi|cilè alibi reperiri.

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I will begin ſayth Ireneus, with S. Paule. You know that in Melita (which at this day is called Malta) S. Paule flung into the fire a Viper that ſtucke or did cleaue to his hand. In that Iſlande, Scorpions which are elſe|where deadly or venemous, are become tho|row the gift of S. Paule (as it is ſuppoſed) harmeleſſe.

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Tuſh, quoth Critobulus, that may be percaſe incident to the nature of the ſoyle.

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Nay then, replyeth Ireneus, you are in a wrong bore. For the Iſlanders, as S. Luke mencioneth, ſhowted, that a parentquellour was brought thither, and becauſe he was not ſwalowed in the gulfes of the ſea, the Gods beyng in their fuſtian fumes, ſent ſerpentes to ſlay hym. And they looked for nothyng ſoo|ner, then to ſée hym euen at a twincklyng to periſh. But whẽ they perceyued hym to be ſo far diſtant frõ death, as that he ſuſteyned no harme, ne felt any paine, the people therwith amazed, ſayd, he far ſurpaſt mans eſtate, and that he was a God inueſted in mã hys ſhape.

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You haue reaſon, anſwereth Critobulus, you haue hit the nayle on the hed.

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Yea, but I pray you, clip not my tale, ſayth Ireneus, but take me with you. Stones are culled in the caue or denne, wherin S. Paul is ſayd to haue bayted or ſoiorned, which ſtones in maner in all Europe are ſoueraigne me|dicines to cure the bitynges and ſtinges of Scorpions and ſerpentes. Furthermore they that are borne the xxv. of Ianuary (which day is named the conuerſion of S. Paul) in what part ſo euer of the world they are borne, they feare not or grudge not at ſnakes: Yea, that which is more to be admyred, the ſtinginges of poyſoned wormes are healed by the very ſpittle of this Ianuary broode. Which thyng hath bene of late publiſhed by a well lettered man, Thomas Fazellus, to haue bene curiouſ|ly noted of hym as well by proofe and experi|ence, as by ſure and ſubſtantiall examples, if I take not the matter amiſſe. Thẽ commeth in Critobulus, whom M. Cope maketh, I will not ſay the vice or hickſcorner, but the plea|ſaunt conceited gentleman of hys enterlude, and fetcheth a long leape (for I am ſure he could not iumpe ſo farre) from Malta to Ire|land, and frameth hys tale in this ſort.

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By the fayth of my body ſir, here is ſtuffe woorth the noting. And now I call to mynde, that I haue red and often heard, that the like benefite hath bene imparted to Ireland, tho|rough the prayers of S. Patrike the Apoſtle of the ſayd Iſland, that is to ſay, that Ireland bréedeth no venemous worme. And therupon percaſe ſome are accuſtomed to ſay, y^e there is no poyſoned or venemous thing in Irelãd, but onely the people, which is taken to haue bene ſayd of moſt men for their brutiſhe and ſauage maners.

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To this ſayth Ireneus. I am done to vnder|ſtand by the report of diuers, & alſo by Bede, that no poyſoned or venemous thing is bred in that realme, in ſo much, that the earth of y^e countrey being brought into other realms, killeth all venemous and poyſoned wormes. But let the matter fall out which way it wil.

I aſcribe that propertie not to S. Patricke,Iudge|ment. but to the nature of the ſoyle, becauſe it hath bene knowen long before S. Patricke was borne, that Irelande was indued with that property, which is elſewhere eaſy to be foũd. Hitherto M. Cope.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 In thys diſcourſe (gentle Reader) thou ſéeſt that M. Cope handleth two principall points, the proprety of Malta and the nature of Ire|lande in deſtroying venemous woormes, the one he aſcribeth to y^e bleſſed Apoſtle ſ. Paule, the other he will not in any wyſe impute to S. Patricke. Touching the firſt, as I haue no occaſion to entermeddle therin, ſo I pur|poſe not, for the quarell I haue to the perſon, to diſprooue hys opinion ſo farre as it ſtan|deth with troth. Wherefore that God, that of his bountifull goodneſſe gaue the grace to Moſes, to turne Aaron his rod into a ſerpẽt, Exod. c. 7. verſ. 10. to turne the riuer into bloude, and to worke diuers other effectes that are mencioned in the ſcripture. To Ioſu. c. 10, verſ. 13. Ioſue, to ſtay the ſonne, To 3. Reg. 17 verſ. 22. & Eccleſ. 48. verſ. 50. Elias to raiſe y^e dead childe, to Act. 3. verſ. 7. Peter to make the lame go, to heale Act. [...]. verſ. 34. Aeneas, to re|uiue Act. 9. verſ. 40. Tabytha, yea with his very Act. 5. verſ. 13. ſhadow to cure the ſicke, & the God that gaue to that Paule, of whome M. Cope ſpeaketh, his gra|cious gift to make the Act. 14. verſ. 10. lame go, to Act. 20. verſ. 10. [...] 11. quickẽ and rayſe the deceaſed, and for his ſake to Act. 27. verſ. 23. Act. 9. verſ. 43. Act. 28. verſ. 9. ſalue his fellow paſſangers: it is not to be denyed, but that God woulde imparte his goodneſſe to any region, euen the ſooner that any of his bleſſed ſeruauntes woulde herbo|rowe there. And as I doubt not, but Simon the Tanner his houſe was nothing y^e woorſe, for lodging ſo happie a gueſt as Peter, ſo I am ſure, Malta was far the better, for her|bowring ſo bleſſed a traueyler or paſſenger as Paule. Which S. Luke letteth not to tell, declaring that all they, which were ſicke in EEBO page image 6 the Iſland, flocked to Paule and were cured: and alſo that the pacient that was father to Publius, in whoſe houſe they were thrée daies very courteouſly intertayned, was by Saint Paule healed. Which cure aſwell of that pa|cient, as of the reſidue of the Iſlanders, dyd not onely extende to their bodies, but chiefly and eſpecially to their ſoules, according to the opinion of the learned Diuines.A [...]gu. tract. 30. in Iohã. [...] Th. p. 3. q. 44.23. ad. 3 [...]. For as our ſauiour Ieſus Chriſt was neuer thought to cure any one his bodie, but he woulde alſo heale his ſoule, ſo it muſt be thought of his A|poſtles, in whoſe ſteppes both in lyfe and my|racles they traced. And therefore the learned holde opinion, that S. Paule, being in Malta, expelled from diuers of their ſoules the olde Serpent, that deceyued our Progenitours, Adam & Eue.Geneſ. 3. verſ. 13. For which God is to be mag|nified and glorified. Thus much I thought good here to enſert, as a clauſe not wholly ſwaruing from that we treate of, and alſo that I woulde be founde preſt and readie, as farre as my ſimple ſkill ſtretcheth, to vnder|pinne any opinion, that tendeth to the honor and glorie of God. Howbeit for ſo much as M. Cope hath ſo ſtraightly dealt with Irelãd, as wyth a countrey nothing appertayning to his matter, I truſt he will pardon me, to be ſomewhat bolde with him, touching the hyſtorie of Malta, that as his negligence ſhal be in the one diſſhrowed, ſo his ſclaunderous iudgemẽt may be in the other reuerſed. Firſt therefore where he writeth, that the inhabi|tantes of Malta clamabant, that is, cryed, or ſhowted, it was not ſo. The Gréeke text run|neth,Act. 28. verſ. 4. [...]. Dicebant adinui|cem, that is to ſay, they muttred one to ano|ther. And S. Luke paraphraſeth his meaning after. For when they perceyued, that the Vi|per dyd not anoy Paule, then ſayth S. Luke, Conuertentes ſe; dicebant, eum eſſe Deum. They turning one towardes the other, whiſ|pered or mutterd, that Paule was a God. Nowe put the caſe they cryed,S. Paule heard not the inha|bitants of Malta. as M. Cope ſayeth, is it lyke that Paule was ſo buſie in making of a fire, or that his eares dyd wan|der ſo far of, as that he could not heare them? And if he heard thẽ, thinke you that he would haue béene whiſt, in hearing God ſo far blaſ|phemed, as that he woulde ſuffer himſelfe to be deified? No truely. He woulde haue taken on, Act. 14. verſ. 11.12.13.14. as he and Barnabas dyd at Lyſtris, whẽ the inhabitants named them Goddes, Bar|nabas to be Iupiter, and Paule, for that he was well ſpoken, to be Mercurie. For when the Apoſtles hearde of their Idolatrie, ren|ting their clothes, they ruſht into the thrõge, crying and ſpeaking, that they were mortall men. &c. In which place S. Luke putteth an expreſſe difference, as it were of ſet purpoſe, betwéene both the woordes, Clamantes & Di|centes. M. Cope addeth further, Delarum eo paricidam, and yet the Gréeke hath [...]. Omnino imterfector, or as the Vulgar text is, Vti homicida eſt homo hic. So that they tooke him to be but a manquello [...]r, yet M. Cope maketh hym a Paricide, which is woorſe. For although euerye Paricide be a manquellour, yet è conuerſo, euery manquel|lour is not a Paricide.

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M. Cope procéedeth further, Irati dij, ſerpẽ|tes, qui eum tollerent im [...]iſiſſent. The Gods being angry ſent ſerpents to diſpatch Paule.

And yet forſooth, all theſe ſerpentes were but one Viper, as is plainely expreſ [...] in the text, vnleſſe M. Cope would teache S. Luke, to tell his tale after the fineſt faſhiõ, leaſt the Apo|ſtle ſhould haue bene thought to haue [...]toned.A Parſon his ſermõ. As the Parſon that preached to his Parochi|ans of the Goſpell, wherin mention is made of them that Chriſt fed in the deſert, or wil|derneſſe. O, quoth the Parſon, what a Chriſt that was, that with fiue barly loaues, & fiue fiſhes fed fiue hundred perſons. The clareke hearing his maiſter to grate ouerlõg on that point, for he dyd often iterate that ſentence, ſtole vp to the pulpit, & plucking the perſon by his gowne, whiſpered in his eare y^e Chriſt fed fiue thouſand. Holde thée contented thou fooliſhe fellow, qouth the Parſon, if I ſhoulde tell mine hearers of ſo great a nũber, I ſhold but diſcredite the Goſpeller, and they woulde not beléeue me. So it fadeth with M. Cope, be|like he miſtruſted, that if he had ſayde, that one Viper coulde haue ſlayne Paule, the rea|der woulde haue ſuſpected the vntruth of the matter, bycauſe it caryeth great likelyhoode with it, that one man coulde withſtande one Viper, and therefore to ſaue S. Luke hys credite, he increaſeth the number by putting the plurall for the ſingular. Whereas there|fore it ſtandeth with M. Cope his pleaſure, M. Cop his rhetoricke. to floriſh in his rhetoricall figure, named, Veri|tatis ſuperlatio, in terming muttering, ſhow|ting, a manquellour, a paricide, one Viper, ſerpentes: he muſt be borne withall, if in the heate of his figure he ſteppe a little awrie in the remnaunt of his diſcourſe. For thus he ſayeth.

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And therevppon it is reported perchaſe by ſome men, that there is nothing venemous or poyſoned in Irelande, but the men and wo|men. Which is taken to haue bene ſpoken by moſt men for their brutiſh and ſaluadge ma|ners.

Here (good Reader) thou muſt vnder|ſtande that M. Cope putteth the text downe & the gloſe, the text is, there is nothing in Ire|lande venemous but the inhabitauntes. The EEBO page image 579 gloſe is, this is ſayde to haue bene ſpoken for their brutiſh and ſauage conditiõs. Now well harpt by S. Lanckfield. Here is a gloſe, I vndertake you, ſuteable to the text. But let vs ſée, how cunningly M. Cope bequiteth him ſelfe. Firſt he obſerueth not decorũ perſonae, ſecondly he followeth not decorum dialogi, thirdlye he ſheweth herein little diuinitie. Touching the firſt point, who knoweth not, that theſe iapes and gybes are onely fitte for ruffians, vices, ſwaſhbucklers and to ſpottes. And truly they beſet a diuine aſwel, as for an Aſſe to twange chypaſſa on a harpe or gyt|tarne, or for an Ape to friſcke trenchemoore in a payre of buſkins and a dubblet. The hea|then miſliked in an orature ſquirilitie,Cic. lib. 2. de Orat. what ſhoulde be thought then of a diuine, whom S. Paule would haue to be ſober, modeſt, graue and wiſe.1. Timot. 3. verſ. & 3. Vnleſſe M. Cope leaning to the let|ter of S. Paule his wordes woulde beare vs in hande, that S. Paule would haue modeſtie to reſt onely in byſhops. We are commaun|ded, in the olde and newe teſtament, to loue our neighbors as our ſelues. Which doth im|ply, that we ought not to ſclaunder our neigh|bours. And ſhall a diuine then ſpeake vncha|ritably, not onely of one, but of an whole roy|alme, and not only ſpeake but alſo write, yea and that in the language that is vniuerſally ſpoken, through out the greater part of the worlde, vpon no ſure ground, but onely vpon heareſay weighing not what y^e Prophet wri|teth, Pſal. 5. verſ. 7. Sapient. 1. Vide Au|guſt. in eũ|dem Pſal. perdes omnes qui loquuntur mendaciũ, thou ſhalt deſtroye all them that ſpeake vn|truthes. And were it that any ſuch flimme ſlamme flirtes were ſoothed by any perſonne of credite, yet, as me ſéemeth, it would ſtand more with the grauitie of a diuine, that ſuch childiſhe quippes, & ſcornefull tauntes ſhould ſooner by his meanes charitably bée whiſted, thẽ through his procuremẽt carpingly publi|ſhed.Math. 5. verſ. 22. I will ſtand no longer on this point, but onelye craue M. Cope to reſort to the fift of Mathew, and there peruſe Chriſt his verdict, touching ſclaunderous tongues. To come to the ſeconde parte, in which he obſerueth not decorum dialogi, thou ſhalt vnderſtand (good Reader) that Critabulus, or Critobulus, whom M. Cope maketh his bagpipe to belche out his rancour, is a Germaine borne, as M. Cope ſaith, who ſemeth to be Critobulus his godfa|ther. Now let any one, that is acquainted w^t the maners of Germaines, iudge, if it be de|cent, that one of thẽ ſhoulde ſcoffe & ſcorne the conditions and faſhions of other countries. I wil not ſpeake by heare ſay, as M. Cope doth, but by eyeſight. I coul neuer eſpye nor pro|bably haue I hearde it reported no not of the méere ſauage Iriſh, ſuch quaffing, ſuch ſwil|ing, ſuch bowling, ſuch gulling, ſuch brutiſh or drunckenneſſe, ſuch ſurfeyting, ſuch vomi|ting as I haue ſéene ſome Germaines doe. In good ſooth it is knowen, and for my part I haue ſéene it being beyonde the ſeas,The Ger|maine his friendſhip. that in their carowſing & cup friendſhip, they threa|ten ſuch kindneſſe on their companions, that leaſt their felowes ſhould miſtruſt them with double dealing, they will not ſticke to ſhewe them the botome of their ſtomackes, & to the ende they ſhould take the better view therof, they will place it now & then in their neigh|bours boſome.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Thus whẽ they haue caſt their gorges, they clap on theyr thrumde hats, and runne lyke bedlem barretors into the ſtréetes with their naked flatchets, and there they kéepe ſuch a ſtinkyng ſturre with hackyng of ſtones, with hewyng of blockes, with thwitting of ſtocks, with ſtrikyng of ſtalles, with thumpyng at dores, that it would make a horſe breake hys halter, to ſée ſo dronken a pageant. In fiue, this qualitie is ſo naturally engraſſed in the greater part of them, that a famous deuine did not ſticke of late to ſay openly in his Lec|ture that dronkennes in that countrey men, was eyther peccatum originale, or accidens inſeparabile. I write not this, I take God to record, to the reproch or ſlaunder of that coũ|trey (beyng lothe to commit the ſelfe ſame fault that I reprehend in any other,) but on|ly my meanyng is to ſettle before the Rea|der his eyes the abſurditie of M. Cope, in fra|myng poore Critabolus to flout Ireland, con|ſideryng that if he caſt his eye homeward, he ſhall finde as filthy puddle in his owne coun|trey, as in other realmes. And therfore thys quippe ſate as vnſéemely in his mouth, as for an whoore to reprehend bitchery, or for an V|ſurer to condemne Simonie. For as there is nothyng leſſe to be tollerated, thẽ for any one to haue an other to accompt for his lyfe, that can yéelde no accompt of his owne: ſo there is nothyng that ought to moozell vp any one from rebuking other nations, then to ſée the miſdemeanor of hys owne natiue country. I would wiſhe M. Critabolus or M. Cope, if it ſhall pleaſe him to make vp the muſter, with indifferency to weigh the eſtate of Ireland, and ſo without parciality to frame his iudge|ment. Ireland,Irelande how it may be refor|med. and eſpecially the ruder part is not ſtored with ſuch learned men as Ger|many is. If they had ſounde preachers, & ſin|cere liuers, that by the embawming of theyr carian ſoules with the ſwéete and ſacred flo|wers of holy writ, would enſtruct them in the feare of God, in obeying their prince, in ob|ſeruyng the lawes, in vnderproppyng in eche man his vocation te weale publike. I doubt EEBO page image 7 not, but within two or three ages M. Critabulus his heyres should heare so good a reporte run of all the reformatio(n) of Ireland, as it would be reckoned as ciuill as the best part of Germany. Let the soyle be as fertile and betle as any would wish, yet if the husband man wyll not manure it, some tyme plough and eare it, sometyme harow it, sometime tyll it, somtyme marle it, sometyme delue it, sometyme dig it, and sowe it with good and sound corne, it will bryng forth weedes, bynde corne, cockle, darnell, brambles, bryers, and sondry wylde shootes. So it fareth with the rude inhabitantes of Irelande, they lacke Vniuersities, they want instructors, they are destitute of teachers, they are without preachers, they are deuoyde of all such necessaries as appertayne to the training vp of youth, and not|withſtandyng all theſe wantes, if any would be ſo frowardly ſet, as to require them, to vſe ſuch ciuilitie, as other regions, that are suffi|ciently furniſhed with the lyke helpes, he might be accounted as vnreaſonable, as he that would force a cripple that lacketh both his legs to runne, or one to pipe or whiſtle a galliard that wanteth hys vpper lippe. But ſuch is the corrupt nature of vs worldlings, and me thinketh ſuch vayne humors are not vtterly dryed vp in our ſage & mortyfied di|uines, we are moſt commonly giuen rather to taunt that which is amiſſe, then to prayſe that which is good, and rather we followe the ſpider in ſoakyng the poyſon, then in im [...]a|tyng the Bée by ſucking the hony. Now that it appeareth, that it was not ſittyng for the author beyng a deuine, to write ſo vncharita|bly, nor for M. Critabulus beyng a Germain, to carpe other countreys ſo ſnappiſhly: let vs ſée, what wholeſome diuinity hath bene here vttered, and how well the ſinewes of M. Cri|tabulus his argument ſhall be found to hang togither, when the Anatomy therof by péece|meable ſhall be examined.

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I call to mynd,  M. Critabulus, that I haue read & often heard that the like benefite hath bene graũted to Irelãd through the prayers of ſ. Patrike.

M. Critabulus hath read & heard, that by the prayers of S. Patricke, Ireland hath no venemous worme: ergo ſome holde opinion, that the poyſon reſteth onely in the people.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Truly this argument hangeth togyther by very straunge gymbols. And I dare say, M Cope neuer learned this kynde of reasonyng in the famous colledge of Magdalene in Oxford, what so euer M. Critabulus did in Germany. But let vs put the Logique apart, and scan the singular poynt of diuinitie. I woulde gladly learne at what part of Scripture, or in what auncient father M. Critabulus reade or heard (for most of hys learning hath bene, as it seemeth, purchased by heresay) that any holy prelate, that came of meere charity, to conuert a countrey from night to light, fro(m) rudeness to knowledge, from infidelitie to Christianitie, from vice to vertue, from the deuill to God, (which doth implye an especiall zeale in sauluying their soules) woulde purge the soyle of all venemous wormes, and leaue the soules, that haue more neede to be weeded, wholy enfected with the contagion of vice & sinne. Wherby ensueth that the place is better then the Inhabitaunts, and so consequently the saying of the Machabees must be falsified. Non propter locum gentem, Machab. [...] c. 5. verſ. 19 sed propter gentem, locum Deus elegit. God did not choose the people for that place, but hee elected the place in respect of the people. Luc. 8. verſ. 32. Our sauiour Iesus Christ dispossessing the pacient of the legion of deuils, permitted them to enter into an hierd of hogges. Critabulus woulde haue Christes saintes do the co(n)trary, to dispossesse the hogs, and to leaue the men possessed with deuils. For so he reporteth s.Patrike to haue done, by riddyng the lande of all poysoned wormes, and leauyng the rancour to lurke in the people. Truly if the matter stoode so farre out of ioynt, I doubt not, but the Islanders mought haue come as lawfully to hym, as the Gerasones came ingratefully to Christ, Luc. 2. verſ. 37. requiring hym to depart their country. For such a scoffing prelate, hys rowme had bene better the(n) his company, sith his abode would tende rather to the peruerting, then the conuertyng, of their Island

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Hitherto thou haſt heard (gentle Reader) how gallauntly Critabulus hath played hys parte, now ſhall I deſire thée to viewe, how ſagely Ireneus claſpeth vp all the whole con|trouerſie. He ſaith it is the nature of the ſolle, not to bréede any venemous worme, and that was incident thereto, before ſ. Patrike was borne. How prooue you that ſir. Pleaſeth you to ſkew your eye towardes the margent, and there ſhall you finde the 35. chapiter of Soli|nus ſolemnly quoted. Touchyng this matter, there is nothyng in Solinus but this. [...]lic. au [...]|guis nullus, a [...]ſ [...] rara. In Ireland is no ſnake, and ſeldome a byrde, and yet byrdes are as commonly there as in any other countrey. But I would gladly vnderſtand how this au|thoritie of Solinus furthereth M. Ireneus hys opinion. Ireland bred no ſnake before ſ. Pa|trick was borne: ergo, it engẽdered no [...]oade, no Adder, no Frogge, nor any other viruſent worme. As if a man would reaſon thus. Be|fore ſ. Patricke his tyme there was no horſe|myll in Ireland: ergo, before his tyme there EEBO page image 580 was no myllhorſe. Certers h [...]th [...] woulde winde vp his concluſion ſo fondly might be thought, to haue aſmuch witte, as a roſſed horſe. This autoritie of Solinus is ſo farre from vpholding Ireneus his aſſertion, as that it plainely ſeemeth to quite ouerthrow it, and as it were in his owne turne, it giuenth him a fail.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 For the cauſe why S. Patricke was mo|ued, to expell all the venemous: woormes out of Irelande, might probably haue béene con|iectured, to haue proceeded of this, y^t he per|cry [...]ing, the lande to bréede no Suakes, ther|of was occaſioned, for the furthering of Chri|ſtian fayth, to expell other hinde of warmes, that lurcked there before his comming, as Toades, Adders, Blindwoormes, Frogs, &c. Here perchaſe M. Cope may blenche me,Obiection. in replying that Anguis may be confirmed ge|nerally for all kynde of Vermine, and ſo I might be taken tardie in buylding my diſ|courſe vpon a miſconſtruction.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Aunſwer.In good ſooth to omitte what ſtraunge and abſurde ſignification Anguis ſhould beare, by notifiyng a poyſoned ſpider and ſuch lyke, and, in mine opinion, further from the the pur|poſe, thẽ the father that diſwading his ſonne from playing on Sunday fortified his reaſon with the olde ſayde ſaw, non eſt bonuin [...]|dere cum ſanctis, it is not good, quoth hei, to play on Sondayes or holy dayes, is it, thinke you, fellonie or treaſon, to bring the credit of Solinus in queſtion, for miſtaking Anguis aſ|well as Auis. For as he was groſly deceyued in the one, in writing, that birdes were rare in Ireland, ſo might he haue ſtrayed as like|ly in the other, by diſburdening Irelande of all venemous woormes, bycauſe the Iſlande wanted in his time but one or two kindes, as a Snake and a Toade. Where a man buyl|deth vpon euerye twatling and pratling ru|mour, and his eye is not his iudge, he may be ſure,Rumour catcheth fethers. that ſuch flying tales will catche many feathers before they come at him, that is as farre diſtaunt from their neſtes, as Solinus was frõ Ireland, when he wrote his pamph|let. The proofe whereof as it is dayly tryed, ſo not many yeres paſt hath ben very pretily veryfied. There was a gentleman of mine acquaintance that mette his enemie in the fieldes, where they both vpon a tryſling qua|rell fought ſo friendly as they had more neede to haue béene grapled togither with cables, then parted by indifferent ſticklers. Howbe|it bycauſe the gentleman was neuer before fleſht, and yet nothing at al that day, for eche of their blowes dyd commonly light on the medowe, where they fought, a friende of hys reported well of him to an other, ſaying, that he was lyke in [...]me to pro [...] a proper [...] of hys handes, for the well handeling of hys weapon in his late combate. Wherevppon ſoone after the other doubling the gentleman his prayſe, gaue notice to another, that ſuch a gentleman, naming him, fought valiauntly ſuch a day, in ſuch a place. Immediately vpon this is a ſhyre [...]e two of it w [...] noyſed that the partie prayſed, fought with two at once: in ſuch a place, naming the medowe. [...] length it was bruted, that he fought ſolice ſe|uerall daies, and I am well, aſſured that wake the firſt fray that euer he made, & I thinked it will be the laſt, vnleſſe he be forced mangre him heart, to the contrarie. Not long lafter, it happened that a gentlman and I traueyled abroade the countrey of ſet purpoſe to diſport our ſelues, and ſo to returne a freſhe to our brokes, where entering in communication with a blunt countrey lobbe (yet ſuch an one an tooke his halfe peny to be good ſyluer) that knew the foreſaid champion. My companion and I made wyſe, as though we were not ac|quainted wyth him, or euer heard of the com|bate, now in good fayth gentlemen, quoth he you would d [...]e very well to enter in acquain|taunce with him, for ouer this,A friendly commen|dation. that he is a gentleman aboundantly endued wyth ſingu|lar good qualities, he is become of late ſo va|liant a cuttex, as he maketh blading his day|lye breakfaſt. By S. Mary, quoth my com|panion that is very colde roſte, & if his break|faſtes be no better then a péece of colde Iron, A little weigh, howe ſeldome I take a repaſt in his companie at any ſuch ordinarie. Nay my meaning is, quoth the other, that he vſeth to fight freſhe and faſting euery morning, in ſo much y^t of late, I dare byde by it, he fought eyght dayes in one weeke. At which wordes I for my part coulde not refrayne frõ laugh|ing, ſéeing how demurely the fellow kept his countenanunce, & how that he ſpake bona fide. Wherevpon I ſhaped him an aunſwere, and ſayde, that I neuer hearde of any that fought eyght dayes in one weake, but onely in olde tyme, when fiue quarters made vp the yeare. The fellow perceyuing, that he ouerſhot him|ſelfe, replyed: Sir, you take me very ſhorte, as long and as very a lowbie as you imagine to make me: my meaning is, that he fought eyght ſeuerall tymes in one wéeke. Eyght tymes? quoth my companion, then belike he fought once aboue commons. For you tolde vs right now, that he made his fray his mor|ning breakefaſt, and whereas there are but ſeuen dayes in the wéeke, and he fought, as you reporte, eygth times; and you know, that eyght maketh one aboue ſeuen, & ſeuen ma|keth ſixe & one vnder eight, eyther you muſt EEBO page image 8 confeſſe that he fought out his breakfaſt, din|ner, beuer or ſupper, or elſe you muſt graunt, that there be eyght dayes in one weake, or at the leaſt two droakefaſtes in one day, & that, I am ſure, you will confeſſe to be as great an obſurdity, as y^e other. Nay, quoth the clowne, and you intrap me with ſuch ſopheſtrie, you ſhall dine, ſupp [...] and breake your faſt alone for me, and there withall departed. Wherby may be gathered, that if he had béene ſoothed vp, and his tongue let to run at libertie vn|controulde, like a howſe that runneth in a ſmooth allye without any [...], he would haue brougth him [...] to that day, as he would not ſticke to ſay, that his friende had fought eight dayes in one h [...]. Wherefore as this pud|ding his pricke grewe at [...]nga [...] by reporte to an huge poſte, ſo the want of one venemous woorms in Ireland, being bruced in for rame royalanes, might haue béene ſo thwytted and mangled in the caryage before it came to Solinus his eares, as he might haue béene enformed, that the countrey was deouyde of all venemous Woormes, where as in deéde there lacke [...] but one kinde.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Lyke as God of his iuſtice puniſheth a coũ|trey, that is harde hearted, with [...]atwarde woormes, ſo of his mercie, the yare remoued from a royalme, that is plya [...], to followe his lawes and preceptes. As when Pharao woulde not liſſen to God his threates be [...]oũ|ced hym by the preaching of God, Moſes and Aaron,Exod. 8. verſ. 7. [...] & 24. Vide Apoc. 9, verſ. 3. at a [...]eg. 8. verſ. 37. Egypt was puniſhed with froggles & diuers kinde of flyes, as is expreſt at full in holy writte, and agayne vpõ Pharao his ſey|ned promiſes (the ſecretes of whoſe hollowe heart God perfectly knewe) at the inſtraunce of Moſes, theſe plagues were appeaſed, & the vermine quite extinguiſhed, ſo, I pray you, is it ſo abſurde a poſition to helde, that Saint Patricke finding the Iriſh prieſt to embrace the Goſpell, as he dyd in very déede, might ſtande ſo higly in God his fauor, as through hir earneſt peticion made to God, the poyſo|ned woormes ſhoulde be abandoned? This is not ſo rare a thing vppon the implanting of Chriſtian fayth in any region, but rather a propertie incidẽt thereto, according to Chriſt his promiſe.Gregor. homel. 29. in euang. Marc. 16. verſ. 17. Signa autem eos, qui crediderint, haec ſequentur, In nomine meo daemonia eij|cient: linguis loquentur nouis: Serpentes tol|lent: & ſi mortiferum quid biberint, non eis nocebit: ſuper aegros manus imponẽt, & bene habebunt. And theſe token ſhal follow them the beléeue, In my Name ſhall they caſt out Deuils, they ſhall ſpeake with new tongues: they ſhall dryue awaye Serpentes, and if they drinke any deadly thing, if ſhal not hurt them: they ſhall lay handes on the ſicke, and they ſhall be cured. Wherefore, ſith it is ſo euidẽtly warranted by Scripture, that in the name of Ieſus, Serpentes may be driuen away, if Irelande be found through any ſuch meanes to be deuoyde of poyſoned woormes, we are aſcribe the glory hereof to God, ac|cording to the ſaying of the Prophete, A do|minio factum eſt iſtud, Pſal. 117. verſ. 22. & eſt mirabile in oculis noſtris, That hath béene done by God, and it ſéemeth woonderfull in our eyes.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Thus farre (gentle Reader) enchroching vpon thy pacience I haue employed my tra|uaile in defending my natiue countrey, a|gainſt ſuch as labour to diſtayne it with their ſclaunderous ſcoffes. Touching the prici|pall queſtion, whether S. Patricke dyd expell poyſoned Woormes out of Irelande, or whe|ther it be the nature of the ſoyle, as I ſayd in the entrie of this diſcourſe, ſo I ſaye agayne, that I weigh not two chippes, which way the winde bloweth, bycauſe I ſée no incõuenience that may inſue either of the affirmatiue or negatiue opinion. And therefore if M. Cope had dealt as modeſtly as Cambrienſe, the auc|tour of Polichronicon, or others, that ſtoode to the denyall, haue done, he ſhoulde haue gone [...]trée with his complices, and haue made in Mounterbanckwyſe the moſt he coulde of his wares. But for that he woulde néedes ſée further in a milſtone, then others, & not onely ſolenberly diſprooue the tryniall opinion, but ſcornefullye ſclaunder an whole royalme, wherein he ſhall finde his ſuperiours in ho|nour, his betters in parentage, his Péeres in learning, his mates in wiſedom, his equalles in courteſie, his matches in honeſtie: I muſt craue him, to beare it paciently, if, by crying him quittaunce, I ſerued him with a diſhe of his owne cookerie. And if for this my ſtraight dealing wyth him (whereto I was the ſooner led, for that as it is courteſie to mollifie wilde ſpeaches with milde aunſweres, ſo I recken it for good pollicie nowe and then to cleane knurd knobbles with crabbled wedges) he wil ſéeme to take pepper in the noſe, for any re|compence he is like to haue at mine handes, he may wype his noſe in his ſléeue. And if it ſhall ſtande with his pleaſure, to reply either in Engliſhe, or in Latine (the occaſiõ of which is rather of him growen then by me giuen) he ſhall finde me willing, if God ſpare me health, to reioyne with him in ſo good a qua|rell, eyther in the one language or the other, and when both tales are hearde, I beſhrowe him, for any part, that ſhall be driuen to the wall.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Cambrienſe reporteth of hys owne know|ledge,The Ber|nacie. and I heare it auowed by credible per|ſons, that Bernacles thouſandes at once are EEBO page image 581 noted along the ſhores in Ireland to hang by the beakes, about the edges of putrified tym|ber, as ſhips, oares, maſtes, anckerholdes, & ſuche lyke, which in proceſſe takyng liuely heate of the ſunne, become waterfoules, and at their tyme of ripeneſſe eyther fall into the ſea, or flye abroad into the ayre The ſame do neuer couple in y^e act of generatiõ, but are frõ time to tyme multiplied, as before is expreſt.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Sabel. part. 3. Ene. 10. lib. 5. Camb. lib. topog. diſt. 1. rub. 15. Thom. p. 3. q. 31. ar. 4. corp. Aeneas Syluius writeth hymſelfe to haue purſued the like experiment in Scotlande, where he learned the truth hereof to be found in the Iſlandes Orchades. Giraldus Cambri|enſe gathereth hereof a pretye concluſion a|gainſt the Iewes in this wyſe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Reſpice infoelix Iudaee, reſpice, vel ſerò, pri|mam

hominis generationem ex limo ſine mare & foemina: Secundamque ex mare ſine foemina, ob legis venerationem, diffiteri non audes: Tertiam ſolam ex mare ſcilicet & foe|mina, quia vſualis eſt, dura ceruice approbas & affirmas. Quartam veró, in quâ ſola ſalus eſt ex foemina ſcilicet ſine mare obſtinata malitia in propriam perniciem deteſtaris. Erubeſce mi|ſer, erubeſce, & ſaltem ad naturam recurte, qua [...] ad argumenta fidei, ad inſtructionem noſtram noua quotidie animalia ſine omni mare vel foemina procreat & producit. Prima ergo ge|neratio ex limo, & haec vltima ex ligno, Ill [...] quidem quoniam à domino naturae tantum ſemel, ideo ſemper obſtupenda proceſſit. Iſtam verò non minus admirabilem, minus tamen ad|mirandam (quia ſaepe fit) imitatrix natura ad|miniſtrat. Sic enim compoſita eſt humana na|tura, vt nihil, preter inuſitatum & rarò contin|gens vel precioſum ducat vel admirandũ. Solis ortum & occaſum, quo nihil in mundo pul|chrius, nihil ſtupore dignius, quia quotidie vi|demus, ſine omni admiratione praeterimus. E|clipſin verò ſolis, quia rarius accidit, totus or|bis obſtupeſcit. Ad idem etiam facere videtur, flatu ſolo, & occulta quadam inſpiratione citra omnem mixturam apum ex fauo procreatio.

Compare 1587 edition: 1

Marke thou wretched Iew, ſayth Cambri|enſe, marke yet at length, the firſt creation of man (that is of Adam) of earth without male or female. As for the ſeconde, of a man with|out a woman (that is to ſaye Eue) for that thou haſt the olde law in reuerence, thou da|reſt not deny. As for the third, both of man and woman, becauſe it is daily vſed as ſtiffe|neckt as thou art, thou doeſt acknowledge and confeſſe. But the fourth procreation, in which conſiſteth our onely iuſtification (he meaneth the incarnation of Chriſt) of a wo|man without man, with ſturdy and obſtinate rancor to thine vtter deſtruction thou doeſt deteſt. Bluſh therfore thou vnhappy Iew, be aſhamed of this thy folly, and at the leſt wyſe haue recourſe to nature, and ſettle hir works before thine eyes, that for the encreaſe of fayth, & to the leſſonyng of vs, daily breedeth and engendreth new liuing creatures, with|out y^e coupling of maſcle of female. Adã was created of earth, the Bernacles are engende|red of wood, becauſe Adam was once created by him, who is Lord of nature, therfore it is continually admired. But for that dame na|ture the counterfaytreſſe of y^t celeſtial work|man, eſtſoones bréedeth Bernacles, therefore theyr broode is accompted more maruellous, then to be marueiled, more wonderfull then woondered. For ſuch is the f [...]myng of man his nature, as he déemeth nothing precious or woonderfull, but ſuch thinges as ſeldome happen. What may be thought more beauti|full then the courſe of the ſunne? And yet be|cauſe we ſée it daily riſe and ſet, we let it o|uerſlip vs, as an vſuall cuſtome, without any ſtaring or gazyng. Yet we are amazed and a|ſtonied at the Eclipſe, becauſe it happeneth very ſeldome.Bées how they are increaſed.

The Bées that are engendred of the hony combe onely by a puſſe or ſecrete breathing, without any coupling, ſeme to vp|hold this procreation of Bernacles, Hitherto Cambrienſe, with whome concerning the en|gendryng of Bées,

Iohan. de. 5. Gem. in lib. de exempl. & ſimili. re|rum lib. 4. c. 31.

whether y^e Bernacle be fiſhe or fleſhe.

Cambri. lib. 1. topog. diſt. [...]. r [...]. 1 [...] Polichr. lib. 1. c. 32.

Iohannes de ſancto Gemi|niano accordeth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 4 The inhabitantes of Ireland are accuſto|med to mooue queſtion, whether Bernacles be fiſhe or fleſhe, and as yet they are not fully reſolued, but moſt vſually the religious of ſtricteſt abſtinence doe eate thẽ on fiſh dayes. Giraldus Cambriẽſe, and after him Polichro|nicon, ſuppoſe, that the Iriſhe cleargy in this poynt ſtray. For they hold of certaintie, that Bernacles are fleſhe. And if a man ſay they had eaten a collop of Adam his leg, he had ea|ten fleſh. And yet Adam was not engendred of maſcle or female, but only created of clay, as the Bernacles of wood and rotten timber. But the Iriſhe clergy did not ſo farre ſtraye in their opinion, as Cambrienſe and Polichro|nicon, in their diſproofe. For the framing of Adam and Eue was ſupernatural,

Adam and Eue onely by God created.

Auguſt ſu|per Geneſ. ad lit. lib. 9. c. 18.

only done by God, and not by the helpe of Aungels, or any other creature. For like as it ſurpaſſeth natures courſe to raiſe the dead, to lighten or enſight the blynd, ſo it ſtoode not with the vſu|all and common linage of nature, but onely with the ſupereminent power of God, to frame a man of clay, & a woman of a mans rib. But the engendring of Bernacles is na|turall, and not ſo woonderfull as Cambrienſe maketh it. And therfore the examples are not lyke. Now it ſhould ſéeme that in Cambrienſe his tyme, the Iriſhe clergy builded their rea|ſon vpõ thys plot. What ſo euer is fleſh, is na|turally EEBO page image 9 begotten or engendred of fleſh. Ber|nacles are not naturally engendred of fleſhe, but onely of tymber and woode, Bernacles therfore are not fleſh, vnleſſe you would haue them to be wooden fleſh. And if the reaſon be ſo knit, it may not be diſioincted by Cambri|enſe his example. As if a man ſhould argue thus. She that is begotten of any man, muſt be of force daughter to that mã. [...]uef. 11. [...]ſ. 29. Melcha was begotten of Aran: ergo, Melcha was Arans daughter. This argument is of all partes ſo fortified, as it ſéemeth of all ſides to be em|pregnable. Yet a buſie brayne Sophiſter ca|uilling on the terme (begottẽ) might ſay, that Eue was begotten of Adam, and yet ſhe is not Adams daughter.

[...]e [...] and [...] of no [...]nt.

[...]m. p. 1. q [...]t. 2. ad. [...].

True it is that Adam was not Eues father, no more thẽ Eue was Adames mother, neither by that engendring was there any degrée of conſanguinitie ſprõg betwene them. But becauſe, the word (begot|ten) is taken in the argument for the naturall engendring of man and woman, the inſtance giuẽ of Eue doth not diſprooue the maior. And for the better vnderſtandyng of the queſtion; it is to be noted that the philoſophers diſtin|guiſh animalia ſenſitiua,

[...]m. p. 1. [...]art. 2. [...]m

Liuing [...]ngs are [...] [...]es.

[...]om. p. 1. [...] 10.1. m [...]enna.

that is, ſẽſible liuing thinges, into two ſortes, perfect and imper|fect. The perfect are they that are engendred of ſeede, the vnperfect without ſéede. Thoſe that are naturally engendred with ſéede, can neuer be naturally engendred without ſéede. Albeit Auicenna very erroniouſly holdeth y^e contrary. As for example. Becauſe man is naturally engendred of man and woman, no man may naturally be engendred without the copulation of man and womã: yet ſuper|naturally it may be. [...]eneſ. 2. [...]erſ. 7. [...]eneſ. 2. [...]erſ. 21. [...]eth. 1. [...]erſ. 30. [...]a [...]e. 1. [...]erſ. 34. As Adam was made without man and woman: Eue framed with out woman: Our Sauiour Chriſt begotten without man. And therfore the Deuill could not haue attainted hym of originall ſinne. Contrarywiſe, the vnperfect may be engen|dred without ſéede by myre, mudde, dung, ca|rien, [...]de Ariſt. [...]. Meter. [...]p. 3.6.7. rotten timber or any other thyng, and chiefly by the ſecret influence and inſtillation of the celeſtiall planets, as the ſunne and ſhots other. As if you put the heire of an horſe taile, in mire, puddle, or in a dunghill for a certaine ſpace, it will turne to a little then ſpraulyng worme, which I haue often ſeene and experi|mented. And they are termed vnperfect, not in reſpect of their own nature, in which they are perfect, but in compariſon of other ſorte of liuyng thinges. Amonge this crew muſt Bernacles be ſetled. But here ſome will ſay: let them be perfect or vnperfect. What then? I would fayne knowe, whether Cambrienſe be in an errour, or the Iriſhe cleargy. For hi|therto I ſée nothyng, but Cambrienſe his rea|ſon diſproued. And it is often ſéene that a ſound opinion may be weakened by a féeble reaſon, as we ſée many fayre garmentes marde in the makyng. It is true: And if any be deſirous, to know my mynd herein, I ſup|poſe, according to my ſimple iudgement,The Ber|nacle ney|ther fiſhe nor fleſh. vn|der the correction of both parties, that y^e Ber|nacle is neither fiſhe nor fleſhe, but rather a meane betwene both. As put the caſe it were enacted by parliament, that it wer high trea|ſon, to eate fleſh on Friday, and fiſh on Son|day. Truely I think that he that cateth Ber|nacles both theſe dayes, ſhould not be within the compaſſe of the eſtatute: yet I would not wiſh my frend, to hazard it, leaſt the Berna|cle ſhould be found in law fiſhe or fleſhe, yen and perhaps fiſhe and fleſh. As when the Ly|on, king of beaſtes made proclamation, that all horned beaſtes ſhould auoyde his courte, one beaſt hauing but a bunche of fleſhe in hys forehead, departed with the reaſ [...], leaſt it had bene founde in law that his bunche were an horne. But ſome wyll peraduenture mer|uaile, that there ſhould be any liuyng thyng, that were not fiſhe nor fleſhe. But they haue no ſuch cauſe at all. Neates, fleſhe wormes, bées, butterflies, caterpillers, ſnailes, graſſe|hoppers, béetels, earewicks, reremiſe, frogs wades, addors, ſnakes, and ſuch other, are li|uyng thinges, and yet they are neither fiſhe, nor fleſh, nor yet red hering. As they that are trayned in ſcholaſticall poyntes may eaſily iudge. And ſo I thinke, that if any were ſo ſharpe ſet (the eſtatute, aboue reherſed, pre|ſuppoſed) as to eate fryed flies, butterd bées, ſtued ſnailes, either on Friday or ſonday, he could not be therefore endited of hau [...]e trea|ſon, albeit I would not be his gueſt, vnleſſe I toke his table to be furniſh [...] with more whol|ſome and ſleopus diaund.

The ſell whether it be fiſhe or fleſh.

Thom. p. 1. a 71. a 1.0.3.0.

The like queſtion may be mooued of the ſell, and if it were well canuaſſed, it would be found at the leaſt wyſe a moote caſe. But thus farre of Bernacles.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Irelande is ſtored of Cowes, of excellent horſes; of hawkes, of fiſhe and of foule. They are not without woolues and grayhoundes to h [...]ue them, bigger of bone and limme then a colt. Their cowes, as alſo y^e reſt of their cat|taile, and commonly what [...]e ſo euer the countrey engendr [...]th (except man) is muche leſſe in quantitie then thoſe of England, or of other realms. Shéepe few,Shéepe. and thoſe bearing courſe fléeſes, whereof they ſpin notable rug. Their ſhéepe haue ſhort & cu [...]t tailes. They ſhéere their ſhéepe twiſe yearely, & if they be left vnſhorn, they are therwith rather pained then otherwiſe. The countrey is very fruite|full both of corne and graſſe. The graſſe (for default of good huſbandry) ſuffered vncutte, EEBO page image 582 groweth ſo rancke in the north partes, that oftentymes it rotteth theyr cattell.Egle. Egles are well known to bréede in Ireland, but neither ſo big,The Iriſh hobby. nor ſo many as bookes tell. The horſes are of pace eaſie, in running wonderful ſwift in gallop both falſe and full indifferent. The nagge or the hackney is very good for trauei|ling,The Nagge. albeit others report the contrary. And if he be broken accordingly, you ſhall haue a li|tle titte, that will traueyle a whole day with|out any bayt.The chiefe horſe. Their horſes of ſeruice are cal|led chiefe horſes, being well broken, they are of an excellent courage. They reyne paſſing|ly, and champe vppon their bridles brauely, commonly they amble not, but galloppe, and run. And theſe horſes are but for ſkirmiſhes, not for traueilyng, for their ſtomackes are ſuch, as they diſdaine to be hacknied. There|of the report grew, that the Iriſh hobby wyll not hold out in traueilyng.The moon|grel hobby. You ſhall haue of the third ſort, a baſtarde or mongrell hobby, néere as tall as the horſe of ſeruice, ſtrong in traueilyng, eaſie in amblyng, and very ſwift in running. Of the horſe of ſeruice they make great ſtore, as wherin, at tymes of nede, they repoſe a great péece of ſafetie.Volat lib. 3. Geog. Aſturcones This broode Volaterane writeth to haue come from Aſtu|rea, the country of Hiſpayne, betwene Galli|cia and Portugall, wherof they were named Aſturcones, a name now properly applied to the Hiſpaniſh Genet.

1.2. The names of the ciuities, borroughes and hauen townes in Irelande. Cap. 3.

The names of the ciuities, borroughes and hauen townes in Irelande. Cap. 3.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Dublinium.DVblin, the beautie and eye of Irelande, hath béene named by Prolomie, in aun|cient time, Eblana. Some terme it Dublina, others Dublinia, many write it Dublinum, auctours of better ſkill name it Dublinium. The Iriſh call it, Ballée er Cleagh, that is, a towne planted vpon hurdelles. For the com|mon opinion is, that the plotte, vppon which, the ciuitie is buylded, hath béene a mariſhe ground, & for that by the arte or inuention of the firſt founder, the water could not be voy|ded, he was forced to faſten the quakemyre with hurdles, and vpon them to buylde the ci|tie. I heard of ſome that came of buildyng of houſes to this foundation: and other holde o|pinion that if a carte or wayne runne wyth a round and maine pace, through a ſtréete cal|led the high ſtréete, the houſes on eche ſide ſhal be perceyued to ſhake. This Citye was builded,Dublyne buylded. or rather the buildings therof enlar|ged, about the yeare of our Lord .155. For a|bout this tyme there arriued in Ireland thrée noble Eaſterlings that were brethren, Auel|lanus, Sitaracus, and Yuorus. Auellanus the foũder of Dublin Auellanus beyng the eldeſt brother, builded Dublin, Sitaracus Waterforde, and Yuorus Limmerick. Of the founder Auellanus, Auellana Eblana. Dublin was named Auel|lana, and after by corruption of ſpeache Ebla|na. This Citie, as it is not in antiquitie in|feriour to any citie in Irelande, ſo in plea|ſaunt ſituation, in gorgeous buildings, in the multitude of people, in martiall chiualrie, in obedience and loyaltie, in the aboundaunce of wealth, in largenes of hoſpitalitie, in maners and ciuilitie it is ſuperiour to all other Cy|ties and townes in that realme.

Dublyne the Iriſhe London.

The ſcitu|tion of Dublyne.

And therfore it is commonly called the Iriſhe or yong Lõ|don. The ſeate of this citie is of all ſides pleaſant, comfortable, and wholſome. If you would trauerſe hils, they are not farre of. If champion ground it lyeth of all partes, if you be delited with freſhwater, the famous riuer called the Liffie, named of Ptolome Lybni|um, The Lif|fye. runneth faſt by. If you wil take the view of the ſea, it is at hande. The onely faulte of thys Citie is, that it is leſſe frequented of merchant eſtrangers, becauſe of the bare ha|uen. Their charter is large, King Henry the fourth gaue this Citie the ſworde,

The ſworde gi|uen to Du|blyne.

Shyriffes of Dublin [...] 1547.

in the yere of our Kord 1409. and was ruled by a Mayor and two Bailifs, which were chaunged into Shirifs by a charter graunted by Edwarde the ſixte, in the yeare of our Lorde 1547. In which yeare Iohn Ryan and Robert Ians, two worſhipfull gentlemen, were colleages in that office, and therof they are named the laſt Bailifs and firſt Shirifes, that haue bene in Dublin. It appeareth by the aunciẽt ſeale of thys Citie, called Signum praepoſiturae,

Dublyne gouerned by a Pro|uoſt.

The hoſ|pitalitie of y^e Mayor & Shirife [...]

that this Citie haue béene in olde tyme go|uerned by a Prouoſt.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Hoſpitalitie of the Mayor and the Shyriffes, for the yeare being is ſo large and bountifull, that ſoothly, London forepriced, a very few ſuch Officers vnder the crowne of Englande kéepe ſo great a porte, none, I am ſure, greater. The Mayor, ouer the number of Officers, that take their daily repaſt at his table, kéepeth, for his yeare, in mãner, open houſe. And albeit in tearme time his houſe is frequented aſwell of the Nobilitie as of other Potentates of great calling, yet his ordina|rie is ſo good, that a very few ſet feaſtes are prouided for them. They that ſpende leaſt in their Mayoraltie (as thoſe of credite, yea and ſuch as bare the office haue informed me) make an ordinary accõpt of 5. hundred poũds for their viaunde & dyet that yeare. Which is no ſmall ſomme to be beſtowed in houſekée|ping, namelye where victualles are ſo good cheape, and the preſentes of friendes diuers and ſundry.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 EEBO page image 10 There hath beene of late yeares a woorshipfull gentleman, named, Patricke Sarcefield, that bare the office of the Mayoraltie in Dublynne, who kept so greate porte in his yeare, as his hospitalitie to his fame and renowne reasteth as yet in fresh memorie. One of his especiall and entyre friendes entering in co(m)munication with the gentleman, his yeare being well neere expyred, mooued question, to what, he thought, his enpenses, that yeare, amounted: Truely, Iames (so hys friend was named) quoth M. Sarcefield, I take betweene me & God, when I entered into mine office, the last S.Hierome his day (which is the morowe of Michaelmasse, on which day the Mayor taketh his othe before the chiefe Baron, at the Exchequer, within the castle of Dublinne) I had three barnes well stored & thwackt with corne, and I assured my selfe, that any one of these three had beene sufficie(n)t, to haue stored myne house wyth breade, Ale, and beere for this yeare. And nowe, God and good companie be thanked, I stande in doubt, whether I shall rubbe out my Mayoraltie with my thirde barne, which is well nigh wyth my yeare ended. And yet nothing smiteth me so much at the heart, as that the knot of good fellowes, that you see here (he ment the sergeantes and officers) are readie to flit from me and make their next yeares aboade with the next Mayor. And certes I am so much wedded to good fellowshippe, as if I coulde maintayne mine house, to my contentation wyth defraying of fiue hu(n)dred pounds yearely, I woulde make humble sute to the citizens, to be theyr officer these three yeares to come. Ouer this, he dyd at the same tyme protest with othe, that he spent that yeare in housekeping twentie tonnes of Claret wine, ouer and aboue whyte wine, Sacke, Maulmesey, Muscadel, &c. And in very deede it was not to be marueiled. For during his Mayoraltie his house was so open, as commonly fro(m) fiue of the clock in the morning to tenne at night his buttrey and cellars were with one crew or other frequented. To the haunting of which, guestes were the sooner allured, for that you should neuer marck him or his bedfellowe (such was their buxomnesse) once frowne, or wrinckle their foreheads, or bende their browes, or gloome their countenaunces, or make a sower face at any guest, were he neuer so meane. But their enterteynme(n)t was so notable, as they would sauce their bountifull and daintie fare with heartie and amiable cheere. His Porter or any other Officer durst not for both his eares giue the simplest man, that resorted to his house, Tom drum his entertaynement, which is, to hale a man in by the heade, and thrust him out by both the shoulders. For he was fully resolued, that his worshippe and reputation coulde not be more distayned, then by the currish entertaynement of any guest. To be briefe (according to the golden verses of the auncient and famous poet Geffray Chauncer. [sic]

An housholder, and that a great, was he,

Sainct Iulian he was in his countre.

His bredde, his Ale, was alway after one.

A better viended man was no where none.

Without bakte meate was neuer his house.

Of fishe and fleshe, and that so plenteouse,

It snewed in his house of meate and drinke.

Of all deinties, that men coulde thinke.

After the sundry seasons of the yere,

So chaunged he his meate, and his suppere.

Full many a fat Partriche had he in mew,

And many a breme, and many a Luce in stew.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Some of his friendes, that were snudging pennyfathers, woulde take him vp verye roughly, for his lauishing and his outragious expenses, as they tearme it. Twise, my maisters, woulde he saye, take not the matter so hote. Who so commeth to my table, and hath no neede of my meate, I knowe, he commeth for the good will, he beareth me, and therefore I am beholding to thanke him for his companie: if he resorte for neede, how may I bestow my goodes better, then in releeuing the poore: If you had perceyued me so farre behinde hande, as that I had beene like to haue bought Haddocke to Paddocke, I woulde paciently permit you, both largely to controule me, and friendly to reprooue me. But as long as I cutte so large thonges of mine owne leather, as that I am not yet come to my buckle, and during the time I keepe my selfe so farre a flote, as that I haue as much water as my ship draweth, I pray you, pardon me, to be liberall in spending, sith God of his goodnesse is gracious in sending.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 And in deede so it fell out. For at the ende of his Mayoraltie he ought no man a dotkin. What he despended was his owne. And euer after during his life, he kept so woorthy standing house, as he seemed to surrender the Princes swoorde to other Mayors, and reserued the porte and hospitalitie to himselfe. Not long before him was Nicolas Stanihurst their Mayor, who was so greate and good an householder, that during his Mayoraltie, the Lord Chancellour of the royalme was his dayle & ordinarie guest. There haue beene of late woorshipfull portes kept by M.Fyanne, who was twyse Mayor, M. Sedgraue, Thomas Fitz Symons, Robert Cusack. Walter Cusack, Nicholas Fitz Symons, Iames Bedlow, Christofer Fagan, and diuers others EEBO page image 583 others. And not onely their officers so farre excell hoſpitalitie,The hoſ|pitalitie of Dublyne. but alſo the greater parte of the ciuitie is generally addicted to ſuch or|dinarie and ſtanding houſes, as it woulde make a man muſe, which way they are able, to beare it out, but onely by the goodneſſe of God, which is the Vpholder and Furtherer of hoſpitalitie.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 What ſhoulde I here ſpeake of the [...] chari|table alemoyſe, dayly and hourely extended to the néedie? The poore priſoners both of the Newgate and the Caſtle, with three or foure hoſpitalles, are chiefly, if not onely, reléeued by the citizẽs. Furthermore there are ſo ma|ny other extraordinarie beggers, that dayly ſwarme there, ſo charitablye ſuccoured; as that they make the whole citie in effect theyr hoſpitall. The great expenſes of the citizens may probably be gathered by the worthy and Fayrelike marckets wéekely o [...] Weneſday and fryday kept in Dublinne. Theyr ſham|bles is ſo well ſtored with meate,The ſham|bles and markets of Du|blyne. and their market with corne, as not onely in Ireland, but alſo in other countreys you ſhall not ſée any one ſhambles, or any one market better furniſht with the one, or the other, then Du|blinne is. The Citizens haue, from time to time, in ſundry conflictes, ſo galde the Iriſhe, that euen to this daye,The black ſtandarde. the Iriſhe feare a rag|ged and iagged blacke ſtandarde that the Ci|tizens haue, almoſt, through tract of tyme, worne to the harde [...]umpes. This ſtandarde they carie with them in hoſtings, being ne|uer diſplayed, but when they are readie to enter in battaile, and to come to the ſhocke. The fight of which daunteth the Iriſh aboue meaſure.The mu|ſlerres of Dublyne. And, for the better training of their yougth in martial exploytes, the Citizens vſe to muſter foure times by the yere: on Black|monday, which is the morow of Eaſter day, on Mayday, S. Iohn Baptiſt his eue, and S. Peter his eue. Whereof two are aſcribed to the Maior & Shirifes, the other two, to witte, the muſters on Maydaye & S. Peter his eue are aſſigned to the Mayor and Shirifes of the bullering.The Maior of the bul|ring. The Mayor of Bullering is an office elected by the citizens, to be, as it were capitaine or gardayne of the batchelers and the vnwedded youth of the ciuitie. And for the yeare he hath auctoritie to chaſtiſe & pu|niſhe ſuch, as frequent brothelhouſes, and the lyke vnchaſt places. He is termed the Mayor of the Bull [...]ring, of an Iron ring that ſtic|keth in the corne market, to which the bulles, that are yearely bayted, be uſuallye tyed: which ring is had by him and his companye in ſo great price, as if any citizen batcheler happe to marry, the Mayor of the bulring & his crewe conduct the bridegrome, vpon hys returne from Church, to the market place, & ſhots with a [...] kiſſe, for hys Vultunu [...] vale, he doth homage to the bullring.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Blackmonday muſter ſpring of hys occaſion ſome after Irelande was conquered by the Britons,The [...]+monday.

Dublyne inhabited by y^e Bri|ſtollians.

This [...] about the yeare of our Lord [...] 1209.

and the greater part of Lein| [...]er pacified, diuers townes men of Briſtow [...]ytted from thence to Dublin, and in ſhorte ſpace the ci [...]itie was by them ſo well inhabi|ted, as it gr [...] to be very populous.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 Wherevpon the citizens hauing ouer great a [...]ce in the multitude of the people, and [...] conſequently being ſomewhat retcheleſſe in h [...]ding the [...]untayne enemie, that [...]o| [...] vnder their [...], were w [...]nt to r [...]ame and [...]oyle [...]olu [...]ers, ſometime three or foure myles from the towne. The Iriſhe enemyes & ſpying, that the Citizens were accuſtomed to [...]et [...] ſuch odde vagaries, eſpeciallye on the holy dayes, and hauing an ynckling with|all by the meanes of ſome falſe [...]aterfert [...] [...]er, that a companie of them woulde haue ranged abroade, on mondaye in the Eaſter wi [...]e, towards the woodde of Cullen, which is diſtaunt two myles from Dubline, they ſay in ſtale very well appointed, and layde in ſundry places for their comming. The Citi|zens rather minding y^e pleaſure, they ſhoulde preſently enioy, then forcaſting the hurt, that might enſue, [...]ockt vnarmed out of the ciuitie to the wood, where being intercepted by thẽ, that ſay h [...]ng in ambuſh, they were to the number of fiue hundred miſerably ſlayne. Wherevpon the remnaunt of the Citizens dée [...]ing that vnluckie time to be a croſſe or [...] [...]malle daye, gaue it the appellation of Blackmondaye. The Citie ſoone after being peopled by a freſhe ſupply of Briſtollians, to dare the Iriſhe enemie, agréede, to bancket yearely in that place. Which to this daye is obſerued. For the Mayor and the Shir [...]es with the Citizens repayre to the wood of C [...]|len, in which place the Mayor beſtoweth a coſtly dinner within a mote or a roundell, & both y^e Shirifes within an other, where they are ſo well garded with the yougth of the ci|tie, as the mountayne enemie dareth not at|tempt, to ſnatche as much, as a pa [...]ey cruſt from thence.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Dubline hath at this daye within the citie and in the ſuburbes theſe churches that en|ſue,The chur|ches of Dublyne. of which the greater number are paroche churches, onely Chriſt his church with a few oratories and chappels excepted.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3

Chriſtes his church,Chriſt-church.
otherwiſe named oc|cleſia S. Trinitatis, a cathedrall church, the an|cienteſt that I can finde recorded of all the churches now ſtandyng in Dublin. I take it to haue bene builded, if not in Au [...]llanus hys EEBO page image 11 tyme, yet ſoone after by the Danes. The buil|ding of which, was both repayred and enlar|ged by Citrius prince of Dublin, at the ear|neſt requeſt of Donate the biſhop, and ſoone after the conqueſt it hath bene much beautifi|ed by Robert Fitz Stephens & Strangbowe the erle of Penbroke, who with his ſonne is in the body of the church entumbed. The cha|pell that ſtandeth in the chore, commonly cal|led the new chappell, was builded by Girald fitz Thomas, erle of Kildare, in the yeare of our Lord 1510. where he is entumbled.
S. Patrikes churche,
Compare 1587 edition: 1 a cathedrall churche, endued with notable liuings, and diuers farre benefices. It hath a chappell at the north dore which is called y^e paroch church. This church was founded by the famous and worthy pre|late Iohn Commyn, about the yeare of [...]r Lord.The con| [...]rſie [...]twene Chriſt- [...]urch and [...] Patriks [...]rch. 1197. This foundation was greatly ad|uaunced by y^t liberalitie of king Iohn. There hath riſen a greate contention betwixt thys churche and Chriſtes churche for antiquitie, wherein doubtleſſe S. Patricke hys churche ought to giue, place, vnleſſe they haue further matter to ſhew, and better reaſons to builde vpon, then their foundations, in whiche this churche by many yeares is inferiour to the other.
S. Nicholas.
S. Michael.
S. Verberoſſe, or S. Varburge,
Compare 1587 edition: 1 ſo called of a Cheſſhire Virgin. The citizens of Cheſter founded this church, with two chappels there|to annexed, the one called our Ladies chapel, the other S. Martines chappel. Hir feaſt is kepte the third of February. This churche, wyth a great parte of the Citie was burnt in the yeare 1301. but agayne by the parochians reedified.
S. Iohn the Euangeliſt.
S. Audoen, which is corruptly called ſaint Ouen, or Owen.
Compare 1587 edition: 1 His feaſt is ſolemniſed the xxiiij. of Auguſt. The paroche of this churche is accounted the beſt in Dubline, for that the greater number of the Aldermẽ and the wor|ſhippes of the Citie are demurraunt within that paroche.
Fitzſy|mons.S. Tuliock, now prophaned.
In this church in olde tyme, the familie of the Fitzſymons was, for the more part, buried. The paroche was meared from the Crane caſtle, to the fiſhambles, called the cockehil with Preſton hys Innes, and the lane thereto adioyning, which ſcope is now vnited to S. Iohn hys paroche.
S. Katherine.
S. Michan, or Mighanne.
S. Iames his fayre.S. Iames:
his feaſt is celebrated the xxv. of Iuly, on which day in ancient time was there a worthy fayre kept at Dubline, continuing ſixe dayes, vnto which reſorted diuers mer|chantes as wel frõ England, as frõ France, & Flaunders. And they afourded their wares ſo doggecheape, in reſpect of the Citie mer|chantes, that the countrey was yere by yere ſufficiently ſtored by eſtrangers, and the ci|tie merchants not vttering their wares, but to ſuch as had not redy chinckes, and therup|pon forced to run on y^t ſcore, were very much empoueriſhed: wherefore partly thorough the canuaſſing of the towne merchantes, & part|ly by the wincking of the reſt of the Citizens beyng wan vpon many gay glõſed promiſes, by playing heepéepe to heare themſelues o|uerly in the matter, that famous marte was ſuppreſt, and all forreyne ſale wholy abando|ned. Yet for a memoriall of this notable faire a fewe cottages, bouthes, and alepoles, are yerely pitcht at S. Iames his gate.
S. Michael of Poules, alias, Paules.
S. Brigide.
S. Keuyn.
S. Peter de monte, or on the hil, appendant to S. Patrikes church.
S. Stephen.
This was exected for an hoſpi|tall, for poore, lame, & impotent lazers, where they abide to this day, although not in ſuche chaſte and ſincere wiſe, as the founders wyll was vpon the erection thereof. The Maior with his brethren on S. Stephen his daye (which is one of their ſtation daies) repaireth thither, and there doth offer
S. Andrew, now prophaned.

The names of the gates of the citie, and ſuburbes of Dublin.

Compare 1587 edition: 1

BOth the gates nere the white friers.
S. Keuen his gate.
Hogs gate.
Dammes gate.
Poule gate, aliâs Paules gate.
Newgate, a gaole or priſon.
Winetaberne gate.
S. Audoen his gate,
hard by the church go|yng downe towardes the cockeſtréete. The reaſon why this gate, and the wynde taberne gate were builded, procéeded of this. In the yeare 1315. Edward Bruiſe a Scot, and bro|ther to Robert Bruiſe king of Scottes arri|ued in the north of Ireland. From whence he marched on forward with his army, vntil he came as farre as Caſtleknock. The citizens of Dubline being ſore amazed at the ſodayne & Scarborough approche of ſo puiſſaunt an enemy, burned all the houſes in S. Thomas his ſtréete, leſt he ſhould vpon his repayre to Dubline haue any ſuccour in the ſuburbes.

EEBO page image 584The Mayor (named, Robert Notingham) and communaltie being in this diſtreſſe ra|zed down an Abbay of the Fryer preachers, called S. Saluiour his Monaſtery, & brought the ſtones thereof to theſe places, where the the gates now ſtande, and all along that way dyd caſt a Wall for the better fortifying of the ciuitie, miſtruſting that the Walles that went along both the keyes, ſhoulde not haue béene of ſufficient force to outholde the ene|mie. The Scottes hauing intelligence of the fortifying of Dublyne, and reckening it a fo|lye to laye ſiege to ſo impregnable a ciuitie, marched towarde a place not far from Du|blyne, called the Salmon leape, where pyt|ching there tentes for foure dayes, they re|mooued towardes the Naas. But when the ciuitie was paſt this danger, king Edwarde the ſeconde gaue ſtraight commaundement to the citizens ſo builde the Abbey they raſed, ſaying that although lawes were ſquatted in warre, yet notwithſtanding they ought to be reuiued in peace.
Gurmund his gate,
harde by the cuculle, or Coockolds poſt. Some ſuppoſe, that one Gur|mundus buylded this gate, and therof to take the name. Others iudge, that the Iriſhe aſ|ſaulting the ciuitie, were diſcomfited by the Earle of Ormonde, then by good hap ſoiour|ning at Dublyne. And bycauſe he iſſued out at that gate, to the ende the valiaunt exployte and famous conqueſt of ſo woorthy a Poten|tate ſhoulde be engrayled in parpetuall me|morie, the gate bare the name of Ormonde his gate.
The Bridge gate.
S. Nicholas his gate.
S. Patricke hys gate.
Bungan hys gate.
The Newſtreate gate.
S. Thomas his gate.
S. Iames his gate.

The names of the ſtreetes, bridges, lanes and other notorious places in Dublyne.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2

THe Dammes ſtréete.
The Caſtle ſtréete, ſtretching to the Pyllorie.
S. Verberoſſes ſtréete.
S. Iohn his ſtréete, aliâs fiſheſhamble ſtréete.
The Skinner rew retching from the Pyllo|rie, to the Tolehall, or to the high Croſſe.
The high ſtreete, bearing to the hygh Pype.
Iohn De|cer.This Pipe was buylded in the yeare 1308. by a woorthie Citizen, named Iohn Decer, being then Mayor of Dublyne. He buylded not long before that tyme the bridge harde by S. Woolſtans, that retcheth ouer the Lyffie.
The Newgate ſtréete, from the Newgate to S. Audoen his Church.
S. Nicholas his ſtréete.
The Wyne taberne ſtréete.
The Cookeſtréete.
The Bridge ſtréete. This ſtréete wyth the greater parte of the keye was burnt in the yeare 1304.
The Woodkey. The Merchant key.
Oſtmantowne,
ſo called of certayne Eaſter|lings or Normans, properly the Danes that were called Oſtmanni.Oſtma [...] They planted thẽſel|ues harde by the waterſide néerè Dublyne, & diſcõfited at Clontarfe in a ſkyrmiſhe diuers of the Iriſhe.1050 The names of the Iriſhe Capi|taynes ſlayne, were, Bryanne Borrough, Miagh mack Bryen, Lady Okelly, Dolyne Ahertegan; Gylle Barramede, Theſe were Iriſhe Potentates, and before their diſcom|fiture they ruled y^e roſte. They were interred at Kilmaynanne ouer againſt y^e great croſſe. There arriued a freſh ſupply of Eaſterlings at Dublyne in the yeare 1095.1095. & ſetled them|ſelues on the other ſide of the ciuitie, which of them to this day is called. Oſtmantowne,Oſtman|towne, why ſo called. that is, the towne of the Oſtmannes, wherof there aryſeth great likelyhoode to haue béene a ſeparate towne from the Citie, being par|ted from Dublyne by the Liffye, as South|warcke is ſeuered frõ London by Thameſſe.
S. Thomas his ſtréete.
This ſtréete was burnt by miſhappe in the yeare 1343.
The New buyldinges.
The New ſtréete.
S. Fraunces his ſtréete.
The Kowme.
S. Patricke his ſtréete.
The backeſide of S. Sepulchres.
S. Keauen his ſtréete.
The Poule, or Paulemyll ſtréete.
S. Brigides ſtréete.
The ſhéepe ſtréete, aliâs, the ſhippe ſtréete.
For diuers are of opinion, that the ſea had paſſage that way, and thereof to be called the Ship ſtréete. Thys as it ſéemeth not wholy impoſſible, conſidering that the ſea floweth & ebbeth harde by it, ſo it caryeth a more cou|lour of truth with it, bycauſe there haue bene founde there certayne yron ringes faſtened to the towne Wall, to holde & graple boates withall.
S. Verberoſſes lane,The lanes vp to ſ. Nicholas his ſtréete, now encloſed.
S. Michaell his lane, beginning at S. Mi|chael his pype.
Chriſtchurch lane.
S. Iohn his lane.
Ram lane, aliâs, the ſchoolehouſe lane.
S. Audoen his lane.
EEBO page image 12Keaſers lane.
This lane is ſtéepe and ſlip|perie, in which otherwhyles, they that make more haſte, then good ſpéede, clincke there bummes to the ſtones. And therefore the ru|der ſorte, whether it be through corruption of ſpeache, or for that they gyue it a nickename, commonly terme it, not ſo homely, as truely, kiſſe arſe lane.
Rochell lane, aliâs backlane, on the ſouth|ſide of the fleſheſhambles.
The Cookeſtréete lane.
Frapper lane.
Giglottes hyll.
Mary lane.
S. Tullock his lane.
Scarlet lane, aliâs, Iſoudes lane.
S. Pulchers lane.
S. Kenyn his lane.
The whyte Friers lane.
S. Stephane his lane.
Hogges lane.
The ſea lane.
S. George his lane,
where in olde tyme were buylded diuers olde and auncient mo|numentes. And as an enſearcher of antiqui|ties may by the view, there to be taken, con|iecture, the better parte of the ſuburbes of Dublyne ſhould ſéeme to haue ſtretched that way. But the inhabitantes being dayly and hourely moleſted and preded by their prou|ling Mountaine neighbours, were forced to ſuffer their buyldinges fall in decay and em|bayed themſelues within the citie Walles.The olde Eſcacar.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Among other monuments, there is a place in that lane called now Collets Innes, which in olde tyme was the Eſcacar, or exchequer. Which ſhoulde imply that the Princes court woulde not haue beene kept there, vnleſſe the place had béene taken to be cockſure. But in fine it fell out contrarie. For the Baron ſit|ting there ſolemlye, and as it ſéemed, retch|leſly: the Iriſhe eſpying the oportunitie, ru|ſhed into the court in plumpes, where ſurpri|ſing the vnweaponed multitude, they cõmit|ted horrible ſlaughters, by ſparing none that came vnder their dynte: and withall, as far as their ſcarborrough leaſure coulde ſerue them, they ranſacke the Prince his theſaure, vpon which miſhappe the exchequer was frõ thẽce remooued.S. George his chappel There hath béene alſo in that lane, a chappell dedicated to S. George, like|lye to haue béene founded by ſome woorthye knight of the Garter. The Mayor with hys brethren was accuſtomed with great tri|umphe and pageantes yearely on S. George his feaſt to repayre to that chappell, and there to offer. This chappell hath béene of late ra|zed, and the ſtones thereof by the conſent of the aſſembly turned a common Ouen, con|uerting the auncient monumẽt of a doughty, aduenturous, and holy knight, to the coale|rake ſwéeping of a pufloafe baker.

Compare 1587 edition: 1

The great Bridge, going to Oſtmantowne.The brid|ges.
S. Nicholas his bridge.
The Poule gate bridge, repayred by Ni|cholas Stamhurſt about the yéere 1544.1544.
The Caſtle bridge.
S. Iames his bridge.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Caſtle of Dublyne,The ca|ſtell. was buylded by Henry Loundres (ſometyme Archebiſhop of Dublyne, and L. Iuſtice of Irelande) aboute the yeare of our Lorde 1220.1220. This caſtle hath beſide the gatehouſe foure goodly and ſubſtã|tiall towers, of which one of them is named Bermingham his tower,Berming|ham his towre, whether it were that one of the Berminghames dyd enlarge the buylding thereof, or elſe that he was long in dureſſe in that tower.1566. This Caſtle hath béene of late much beautified wyth ſundrye & gorgious buildinges in the tyme of Sir Hen|ry Sydney, as nowe, ſo then, L. Deputie of Irelande. In the commendacion of which buyldings an eſpeciall welwiller of his Lord|ſhippe penned theſe verſes, enſuing.

Compare 1587 edition: 1
Geſta libri referunt multorum clara Virorum,

Laudis & in chartis ſtigmata fixa manent.

Verùm Sidnaei laudes haec ſaxa loquuntur,

Nec iacet in ſolis gloria tanta libris.

Si libri pereant, homines remanere valebunt,

Si pereant homines, ligna manere queunt.

Ligna ſi pereant, non ergo ſaxa peribunt,

Saxa ſi pereant tempore, tempus erit.

Si pereat tempus, minimè conſumitur aeuum,

Quod cum principio, ſed ſine fine manet.

Dum libri florent, homines dũ viuere poſſunt,

Dum quo cum lignis ſaxa manero valent,

Dum remanet tẽpus, dũ deni permanet aeuũ,

Laus tua, Sidnaei, digna perire nequit.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 There ſtandeth néere the caſtle, ouer againſt a voyde rowme, called Preſton his Innes, a tower, named, Iſoudes tower.Iſowdes towre. It tooke the name of La Beale Iſoude, daughter to An|guiſhe, king of Irelande. It ſéemeth to haue béene a Caſtle of pleaſure for the kinges to recreat thẽſelues therin. Which was notvn|like, conſidering that a meaner tower might ſerue ſuch ſingle ſoale kinges, as were at thoſe dayes in Irelande. There is a village harde by Dublynne,Chappell Iſoude. called of the ſayde La Beale, Chappell Iſoude.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 S. Pulchers, the Archbiſhop of Dublin hys houſe, as well pleaſantly cited,S. Se|pulchers. as gorgeouſly builded. Some hold opinion, that the beauti|fuller part of this houſe was of ſet purpoſe fi|red by an Archbiſhop, to the ende the Gouer|nors (which for the more part lay ther) ſhould not haue ſo good likyng to the houſe: Not far diſagréeyng frõ the pollicy, that I heard a no|ble EEBO page image 585 man tell, he vſed, who hauing a ſurpaſſing good horſe, and ſuch one as ouerran in a ſet race other choyſe horſes, did bobtayle him vpon his returne to the ſtable, left any of his friends caſting a fantaſie to the beaſt, ſhould craue him. The noble man beyng ſo bounti|fully giuen, as that of liberalitie he could not and of diſcretion he would ſéeme to giue hys friend the repulſe in a more weighty requeſt then that were.

The names of the fieldes adioyning to Dubline.

Compare 1587 edition: 1

SAint Stephens gréene.
Hoggyng gréene.
The Steyne.
Oſtmantowne gréene.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 In the further ende of this field is there a hole, commonly termed Scald brothers hole, a Laberinth reachyng two large myles vnder the earth.Scald brother. This hole was in olde tyme frequented by a notorious théefe named ſcalde brother, wherin he would hyde all the bag and baggage he could pilfer. The varlet was ſo ſwifte on foote, as he hath eftſoones outrun the ſwifteſt and luſtrieſt yong men in all Oſtmantowne, maugre theyr heds, bearing a potte or a panne of theyrs on his ſhoulders, to his den. And now and then, in deriſion of ſuch as purſued hym, he would take hys courſe vnder the gallowes, which ſtandeth very nigh hys caue (a fitte ſigne for ſuch an Inne) and ſo beyng ſhrowded within his lodge, he reckened himſelf cockſure, none beyng found at that tyme ſo hardy as would aduenture to entangle himſelfe within ſo in|tricate a maze. But as the pitcher that goeth often to the water, commeth at length home brokẽ: ſo this luſty youth would not ſurceaſe from open catchyng, forcible ſnatchyng, and priuy prowling, to time he was by certain ga|ping groomes that laye in wayte for him, in|tercepted,Scald brother ex|ecuted. fléeing toward his couch, hauyng vpon his apprehenſion no more wrong done hym, then that he was not ſooner hanged on that gallowes, through which in his youth & iollitie he was woont to run. There ſtandeth in Oſtmantowne gréene, an hillocke, named little Iohn hys ſhot.Little Iohn. The occaſion procéeded of this.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 1189.In the yere 1189. there ranged thrée robbers and outlawes in England, among which Ro|bert hoode and little Iohn were chiefetaines, of all théefes doubtleſſe the moſt courteous. Robert hoode beyng betrayed at a Noonry in Scotland,Robert hoode. called Bricklies, the remnaunt of the crue was ſcattered, and euery man for|ced to ſhift for himſelfe. Wherupõ little Iohn was fayne to flie the realme, by ſayling into Ireland, where he ſoiourned for a few dayes at Dubline. The citizens beyng done to vn|derſtand, the wanderyng outcaſt to be an ex|cellent archer, requeſted hym hartily to trie how far he could ſhoote at randone. Who yel|dyng to their beheſt, ſtoode on the bridge of Dublin, and ſhotte to that mole hill, leauyng behynde him a monument, rather by his po|ſteritie to be woondered, then poſſibly by any man liuyng to be counterſcored. But as the repayre of ſo notorious a champion, to any countrey, would ſoone be publiſhed, ſo his a|bode could not be long concealed: and there|fore, to eſchew the daunger of lawes, he fled into Scotland, where he dyed at a towne or Village called Morany. Gerardus Mercator, Little Iohn de|ceaſed. in his Coſmographye affirmeth, that in the ſame towne the bones of an huge and mighty man are kept, which was called little Iohn, amõg which bones, y^e huckle bone or hipbone was of ſuch largeneſſe, as witneſſeth Hector Boethius, y^t he thruſt his arme through y^e hole therof. And the ſame bone beyng ſuted to the other partes of his body, did argue the man to haue bene 14. foote long, which was a pre|ty length for a little Iohn. Whereby appea|reth, that he was called little Iohn ironically lyke as we terme him an honeſt man, whom we take for a Knaue in grayne.The king his land. Nere vnto the citie of Dubline are the foure auncient Manours annexed to the crowne, which are named to this day, the kinges lande: to wit, Newcaſtle, Taſſaggard, Eſchyre, & Crum|lyn.Crumlyn. The manour of Crumlyn payeth a grea|ter chiefe rent to the prince, then any of the other thrée, which procéeded of this. The Se|neſchall beyng offended with the tenants for their miſdemeanor toke them vp very ſharp|ly in the court, and with rough and minatory ſpeaches began to menace thẽ. The lobbiſhe and deſperate clobberiouſneſſe, takyng the matter in dudgeon, made no more wordes, but knockt their Seneſchald on the coſtard, & left hym there ſprawling on the grounde for dead. For which deteſtable murder their rent was enhaunced, and they pay at this day ix. pence an acre, which is double to any of the other thrée manours.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Waterford was founded by Sitaracus,waterford. as is aforeſayd in the yere 155. Manapia. Ptolome nameth it Manapia, but why he appropriateth y^e name to this citye, neither doth he declare, nor I geſſe. This city is properly builded, and very well compacte, ſomewhat cloſe by reaſon of their thicke buildinges and narrowe ſtréetes. The hauen is paſſing good, by which the citi|zens through the entercourſe of forreine tra|phike in ſhort ſpace attayne to aboundaunce of welth. The ſoyle about it is not all of the EEBO page image 13 beſt, by reaſon of which the ayre is not very ſubtill, yet natheleſſe the ſharpneſſe of theyr wittes ſéemeth to be nothyng rebated or duld by reaſon of the groſeneſſe of the ayre. For in good ſooth the towneſmen, and namely y^e ſtu|dentes are pregnant in conceiuing, quicke in takyng, and ſure in kepyng. The citizens are very héedy and wary in all their publique af|fairs, flow in determining matters of weight, louing to loke ere they leape. In choſing their magiſtrate, they reſpect not onely his riches, but alſo they weigh his experience. And ther|fore they elect for their Maior neyther a riche man that is young, nor an olde man that is poore. They are cherefull in the entertayne|ment of ſtraungers, hartye one to an other, nothing giuen to factions. They loue no idle benche whiſtlers, nor luſkiſhe faytoures, for yong and old are wholy addicted to thriuing, the men commonly to traffike, the women to ſpinnyng and carding. As they diſtill the beſt Aqua vitae, ſo they ſpin the choyſeſt rugge in Ireland. A friend of myne beyng of late de|murrant in London, and the weather by rea|ſon of an hard hoare froſte beyng ſomewhat nippyng, repayred to Paris garden, clad in one of theſe Waterford rugs. The maſtiefes had no ſooner eſpyed him, but déeming he had bene a Beare, would fayne haue bayted him. And were it not that the dogs were partely moozeled, and partly chayned, he doubted not, but that he ſhould haue bene well tugd in hys Iriſhe rugge, wherupon he ſolemnly vowed, neuer to ſée Bearebayting in any ſuch wéed. The city of Waterford hath continued to the crowne of Englande ſo loyall, that it is not found regiſtred ſince the cõqueſt to haue bene diſteyned with the ſmalleſt ſpot, or duſked w^t the leaſt freckle of treaſon, notwithſtandyng the ſundry aſſaults of trayterous attemptes, and therfore the cities armes are deckt with this golden worde,The poeſie of water|ford. Intacta manet, a poeſie as well to be hartily followed, as greatly admi|red of all true and loyall townes.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Limme|ricke.Limmericke, called in Latine Limmericũ, was builded by Yuorus, as is before mentio|ned, about the yere 155. This citie coaſteth on the ſea hard vpon the riuer Sennan,Sennan the riuer of Limmericke. wherby are moſt notably ſeuered Mounſter and Con|naght: the Iriſh name this city Loumneagh, and thereof in Engliſhe it is named Limme|rick.Limme|ricke, why is called. The town is planted in an Iſland, which plot, in olde tyme, before the buildyng of the citie, was ſtored with graſſe. During which tyme it happened, that one of the Iriſhe po|tentates rayſing warre againſt an other of his pieres encamped in that Iſle, hauyng ſo great a troupe of horſmen, as the horſes eate vp the graſſe in xxiiij. howers: wherupon for the notorious number of horſes, the place is called Loum ne augh, that is, the horſe bare, or a place made bare or eaten vp by horſes. The very maine ſea is thrée ſcore myles di|ſtaunt from the towne, and yet the riuer is ſo nauigable, as a ſhip of 200. tunne, may ſayle to the key of the city. The riuer is termed in Iriſhe, Shaune amne, that is, the olde riuer: for ſhaune is olde, and amne is a riuer, dedu|cted of the latine worde amnis. The buildyng of Limmericke is ſumptuous and ſubſtan|tiall.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Corcke in Latine, Coratium, or Corratium, Corcke. the fourth citie of Irelande, happily planted on the ſea. Their hauen is an hauen royall. On the landſide they are encombred with e|uill neighboures, the Iriſhe outlawes, that they are fayne to watch their gates howerly, to kepe them ſhut at ſeruice times, at meales from ſunne to ſunne, nor ſuffer any eſtraun|ger to enter the citie with his weapon, but y^e ſame to leaue at a lodge appointed. They walke out at ſeaſons for recreation w^t power of men furniſhed. They truſt not the coun|trey adioining, but match in wedlock among themſelues only, ſo that the whole city is wel nigh lincked one to the other in affinitie.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Drogheda,Drogheda. accounted the beſt towne in Ireland, and truely not far behynde ſome of their cities. The one moyetie of this towne is in Méeth, the other planted on the further ſide of the water lieth in Vlſter. There runneth a blynde propheſie on this towne, that Roſſe was, Dubline is, Drogheda ſhall be the beſt of the thrée.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Roſſe, an hauen towne in Mounſter not far from Waterford,Roſſe. which ſéemeth to haue ben in aunciẽt tyme a town of great port. Wher|of ſondry and probable coniectures are giuẽ, as well by the olde ditches that are nowe a myle diſtaunt from the walles of Roſſe, be|twene which walles and ditches, the reliques of the aunciẽt walles, gates and towers pla|ced betwene both are yet to be ſéene. The towne is builded in a barren ſoyle, and plan|ted among a crew of naughty and prowlyng neighbours. And in olde tyme when it flouri|ſhed, albeit the towne were ſufficiently peo|pled, yet as long as it was not cõpaſſed with walles, they were formed with watche and warde, to kéepe it from the gréedy ſnatchyng of the Iriſhe enemies. With whome as they were generally moleſted, ſo the priuate cooſe|nyng of one peaſaunt on a ſodayne, incenſed them to inuiron their towne with ſtrong and ſubſtantiall walles. There repayred one of the Iriſhe to this towne on horſebacke, and eſpying a piece of cloth on a merchants ſtall, tooke holde thereof, and bet the clothe to the EEBO page image 586 loweſt pryce he could. As the Merchaunt and he ſtoode dodging one wyth the other in chea|ping the ware, the horſman conſidering that he was well mounted, and that the merchant and he had growen to a pryce, made wyſe as though he woulde haue drawen to his purſe, to haue defrayed the money. The cloth in the meane whyle being tuckte vp and placed be|fore him, he gaue the ſpurre to his horſe and ranne away with the cloth being not imbard from his poſting paſe, by reaſon the towne was not percloſed eyther wyth ditch or wall. The townes men being pincht at the heart, that one raſcall in ſuch ſcornefull wyſe ſhould giue them the ſlampame, not ſo much weigh|ing the ſclenderneſſe of the loſſe, as the ſham|fulneſſe of the foyle, they put their heades to|gither, conſulting how to preuent eyther the ſodaine ruſhing, or the poſt haſt flying of any ſuch aduenterous rakehell hereafter.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 In which conſultation a famous Dido, a chaſte wydowe, a politicke dame, a bounti|full gentlewoman,Roſe, of Roſſe. called Roſe, who repre|ſenting in ſinceritie of lyfe the ſwéetneſſe of that herbe, whoſe name ſhe bare, vnfolded the deuiſe, howe any ſuch future miſchaunce ſhoulde be preuented, and withall opened hir coffers liberally, to haue it furthered: Two good properties in a counſaylour. Hir deuiſe was, that the towne ſhoulde incontinently be incloſed with walles, and there wythall promiſed to diſcharge the charges, ſo that they would not ſticke to finde out labourers. The deuiſe of this woorthie Matrone being wyſe, and the offer liberall, the townes men agréed to follow the one, and to put their hel|ping handes to the atchieuing of the other.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The worke was begunne, which through the multitude of handes ſéemed light. For the whole towne was aſſembled, tagge & ragge, cutte and long tayle: none exempted but ſuch as were bedred & impotent. Some were taſ|ked to deine, others appointed w^t mattockes to digge, diuers allotted to the vnheaping of rubbiſhe, many beſtowed to the caryage of ſtones, ſundry occupyed in tẽpering of mor|ter, the better ſorte buſied in ouerſéeing the workemen, eche one according to hys voca|tion employed, as though the ciuitie of Car|thage were a freſhe in buylding, as it is feat|lye verified by the golden Poet Virgil, and neately Engliſhed by M. Doctour Phaer.

Compare 1587 edition: 1
The Moores with courage went to worke

ſome vnder burdens grones:

Some at the walles and towers with handes

were tumbling vp the ſtones.

Some meaſured out a place to buylde

their manſion houſe within:

Some lawes and officers to make

in Parliment dyd begin.

An other an hauen had caſt,

and deepe they trenche the grounde,

Some other for the games and playes

a ſtately place had founde.

And pyllers great they cut for kings,

to garniſh forth their walles.

And lyke as Bees among the flowers,

when freſh the ſommer falles,

In ſhine of ſunne apply their worke,

when growne is vp their yong:

Or when their hiues they ginne to stoppe,

and hony ſweete is ſprong,

That all their caues and cellers cloſe

with dulcet liquour filles,

Some doth outlade, ſome other bringes

the ſtuffe with ready willes.

Sometime they ioyne, and all at once

doe from their mangers fet

The ſlouthfull drones, that woulde conſume,

and nought woulde doe, to get.

The worke it heates, the hony ſmelles

of flowers and time ywet.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 4 But to returne from Dido of Carthage, to Roſe of Roſſe, and hir worke, the laboures were ſo many, the worke, by reaſon of round and exchequer payment, ſo well applyed, the quary of fayre marble ſo néere at hand. (For they affirme, that out of the trenches and dit|ches hard by their rampyers, the ſtones were had, and all that plot is ſo ſtony that the foũ|dation is an harde rocke) that theſe Walles with diuers braue turrettes were ſodainly mounted, and in maner ſooner finiſhed, then to the Iriſhe enemies notified. Which y|wiſſe was no ſmall coriſie to them. Theſe walles in circuit are equall to Londõ walles. It hath thrée gorgious gates, Biſhoppe his gate, on the Eaſt ſide: Allegate, on the Eaſt ſoutheaſt ſide: And South gate, on the ſouth parte. This towne was no more famouſed for theſe walles, then for a notable woodden bridge that ſtretched from the towne to the otherſide of the water, which muſt haue béene by reaſonable ſuruey xij. ſcore, if not more. Diuers of the poales, logges & ſtakes, with which the bridge was vnderpropt, ſticke to this daye in the water. A man woulde here ſuppoſe, that ſo flooriſhing a towne, ſo firmely buylded, ſo ſubſtantially walled, ſo well peo|pled, ſo plenteouſly with thryftie artificers ſtored, woulde not haue fallen to any ſodaine decay.Roſſe de|cayed. But as the ſecret & déepe iudgements of God are veiled within the couerture of his diuine Maieſtie, ſo it ſtandeth not with the dulneſſe of man his wit, to beate his braynes in the curious enſearching of hidden miſte|ries. EEBO page image 14 Wherefore I, as an hyſtorian vnderta|king in this Treatiſe, rather plainely to de|clare, what was done, then raſhly to inquyre, why it ſhoulde be done: purpoſe, by God his aſſiſtaunce, to accompliſh, as néere as I can, my duetie in the one, leauing the other to the friuolous deciding of buſie heads. This Roſe, who was the ſoundreſſe of theſe former re|hearſed walles, had iſſue thrée ſonnes, (how|beit ſome holde opinion, that they were but hir Nephewes &: who beyng bolſtered out through the wealth of their mother, and ſup|ported by their trafficke, made diuers proſpe|rous voyages into forraine countreys. But as one of the thrée chapmen was imployed in his trafficke abroade, ſo the prettie popelet his wyfe began to be a freſhe decupying gig|lofte at home, and by report fell ſo farre ac|quainted wyth a religious cloyſterer of the towne, as that he gate wythin the lyning of hyr ſmocke. Bothe the partyes wal|lowing ouerlong in the ſtincking puddle of a [...]terit, ſuſpicion beganne to créepe in ſome townes mens braines, and to be briefe, it came ſo farre, through the iuſt iudgement of God, to light, whether it were, that ſhe was with childe in hir huſbande his abſence, or that hir louer vſed hir fondly in open pre|ſence, as the preſumption was not onely ve|hement, but alſo the fact too too apparent. Hir vnfortunat huſband had not ſooner notice gy|uen him vpon his returne of theſe ſorowfull newes, then his fingers began to nibble, hys téeth to grinne, hys eyes to trickle, his eares to dindle, his heade to dezell, in ſomuch as his heart being ſkeared wyth ialouſie,The panges of ialou|ſie. & his wits enſtalde through Phreneſie, he became as madde, as a marche hare. But howe heauily ſoeuer hir huſbande tooke it, Dame Roſe and all hir friendes (which were in effect all the townes men, for that ſhe was their common benefactreſſe) were galde at their hearts, aſ|well to heare of the enormyous aduoutrie, as to ſée the bedlem panges of brainſicke ialou|ſie. Wherevpon diuers of the townes menne grunting and grudging at the matter, ſayde that the fact was horrible, and that it were a déede of charitie vtterly to grubbe away ſuch wilde ſhrubbes from the towne: and if thys were in any diſpuniſhable wyſe rakte vp in the aſhes, they ſhoulde not ſooner trauerſe the ſeas, then ſome other woulde enkendle the like fire a freſhe, and ſo conſequently diſ|honeſt their wyfes, and make their huſbands to become changelinges, as being turnde frõ ſober moode to be hornewood, becauſe rutting wyues make often rammiſhe huſbandes, as our prouerbe doeth inferre. Others ſoothing their fellowes in theſe mutynies turned the priuate iniurie to a publicke quarell, and a number of the townes men conſpiring togy|ther flockt in the dead of the nyght, well ap|pointed, to the Abbeye, wherein the feyer was cloyſtered (the monument of which Ab|baye is yet to be ſéene at Roſſe on the South ſyde) where vnderſparring the gates,The fryers murthe|red. and bearing vp the dormitorie doore, they ſtab|bed the adulterer with the reaſt of the couent through wyth their weapons. Where they left them goaring in their bloude, roaring in their cabannes, and gaſping vp their flitting goaſtes in their couches. The vproare was great, and they to whom the ſlaughter before hande was not imparted, were woonderfully thereat aſtonyed. But in eſpeciall the rem|nant of the cleargy, bare very hollow hearts to the townes men, and howe friendly theyr outward countenances were, yet they would not with inwarde thought forget, nor forgiue ſo horrible a murder, but were fully reſolued, whenſoeuer oportunitie ſerued them, to ſit in their ſkirtes, by making thẽ ſoulfe as ſorow|full a kyrie. Theſe thrée brethren not long af|ter this bloudy exployte ſpedde thẽ into ſome outlandiſh countrey to continue their trade, The religious men being done to vnderſtãd, as it ſéemed, by ſome of their neighbours, which foreſayled them homeward, that theſe thrée brethren were ready to be imbarckt, ſlunckt priuily out of the towne, and reſorted to the mouth of the hauen, néere a caſtle,Hulck tower. na|med Hulck tower, which is a notable marck for Pilottes, in directing them, which way to ſterne their ſhips, and to eſchew the daunger of the craggy rockes there on euery ſide of the ſhore peaking. Some iudge, that the ſaid Roſe was foundreſſe of this tower, and of purpoſe dyd buylde it for the ſaftie of hir chil|drẽ, but at length it turned to their bane. For theſe reuengers nightly dyd not miſſe to laye a lanterne on the toppes of the rockes, that were on the other ſide of the water. Which practiſe was not long by thẽ continued, when theſe thrée paſſengers bearing ſayle with a luſty gale of winde made right vpon the lan|terne, not doubting, but it had bene the Hulck tower. But they tooke theyr marke ſo farre amiſſe, as they were not ware, to tyme theyr ſhip was daſht and paſht agaynſt the rockes, & all the paſſengers ouerwhyrled in the ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 This heauy hap was not ſo ſorrowfull to the townes men, as it was gladſome to the reli|gious, thincking that they had in part cryed them acquittaunce, the more that they, which were drowned, were the Archebrochers of their brethrens bloude. Howbeit they would not crye hoa here, but ſent in poſte ſome of their couent to Rome, where they inhaunced EEBO page image 587 the ſlaughter of the fraternitie ſo haynouſly, & concealed their owne pranckes ſo couertly, as the Pope excõmenged the towne, y^e towne accurſed the Friers: ſo that there was ſuche curſing and banning of all handes, and ſuch diſcentious hurly burly rayſed betwéene thẽ|ſelfes, as the eſtate of that flouriſhing towne was tourned arſye verſye, topſide thother|way, & from abundaunce of proſperitie quite exchanged to extréeme penurye.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The pre|ſent eſtate of Roſſe.The walles ſtand to this day, a few ſtréets & houſes in the towne, no ſmall parcell there|of is turned to Orchardes and Gardeines. The greater part of the towne is ſtéepe and ſteaming vpwarde. Theyr church is called Chriſtchurche, in the northſide whereof is placed a monument called the king of Den|marke hys tumbe, whereby coniecture maye ryſe, that the Danes were the founders of that church.New roſſe old Roſſe. This Roſſe is called Roſſe noua, or Roſſe ponti, by reaſon of theyr brydge. That which they call olde Roſſe, beareth eaſt thrée myles from thys Roſſe, into the coun|trye of Weiſforde, an auncient manour of the Earle of Kyldares.Roſſe I|barcan. There is the thyrde Roſſe on the otherſyde of the water, called Roſſe Ibarcanne, ſo named, for that it ſtan|deth in the coũtrey of Kylkenny, which is de|uyded into thrée partes, into Ibarcanne, Ida and Idouth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Weiſforde.Weiſford, an hauen towne not farre from Roſſe. I finde no great matters therof recor|ded, but only that it is to be had in great price of all the Engliſhe poſteritie planted in Ire|land, as a towne that was the firſt foſtreſſe & harboreſſe of the Engliſh conquerors.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 KylkenmeKilkenny, the beſt vplandiſh towne, or, as they terme it, y^e propreſt dry towne in Irelãd. It is parted into the high towne, & the Iriſhe towne. The Iriſh towne claymeth a corpora|tion apart from the high town, wherby great factiõs growe daily betwene the inhabitants. True it is, that the Iriſh towne is the aunci|enter, and was called the olde Kilkenny, be|yng vnder the biſhop his becke, as they are, or ought to be at this preſent. The high town was builded by the Engliſhe after the con|queſt, and had a parcell of the Iriſhe towne therto vnited, by the biſhop his graunt, made vnto the founders vpon their earneſt requeſt. In the yere 1400. 1400. Robert Talbot a worthy gentleman,Robert Talbot. encloſed with walles the better part of this towne, by which it was greatly fortified. This gentleman deceaſed in y^e yeare 1415. In this towne in the chore of the Frier preachers,William Marſhall. William Marſhal Erle Marſhal and Erle of Penbroke was buried, who de|parted this lyfe in the yere 1231. Richard bro|ther to William, to whome the inheritaunce deſcended, within thrée yeres after deceaſed at Kilkenny beyng wounded to death in a field giuen in the heath of Kyldare, in the yere 1234. the xv. of Aprill,1234. & was entumbed wyth hys brother, according to the olde epitaph.

Compare 1587 edition: 1
Hic comes eſt poſitus Richard vulnere foſſus.

Cuius ſub foſſa Kilkenia continet oſſa.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 This town hath thre churches, S.The chur|ches of Kylkenny. Kennies church, our Ladies churche, aliâs S. Maries church, and S. Patrikes church, with the ab|bey of S. Iohn. S. Kennies churche is theyr chiefe and cathedrall church, a worthy foun|dation as well for gorgeous buildinges, as for notable liuyngs.The Grã|mer ſchoole. In the Weſt ende of the churchyard of late haue bene founded a Grã|mer ſchoole by the right honourable. Pierce or Peter Butler Erle of Ormond and Oſſo|ry,Pierce Butler. Margarete Fitz Gi|rald. and by his wife the counteſſe of Ormond, the lady Margarete fitz Girald, ſiſter to Gi|rald fitz Girald the Erle of Kyldare that laſt was. Out of which ſchoole haue ſprouted ſuch proper ympes through the painefull diligẽce, and the labourſame induſtry of a famous let|tered man M. Peter White (ſometyme fel|low of Oriall colledge in Oxford,Peter whyte. and ſchoole-maiſter in Kilkenny) as generally the whole weale publike of Ireland, and eſpecially the ſoutherne partes of that Iſland are greatly therby furthered. This gentlemans methode in trayning vp youth, was rare and ſinguler, framyng the education according to the ſcho|lers vaine. If he found him free, he would bri|dle hym like a wyſe Ilocrates frõ his booke: if he perceiued hym to be dull, he would ſpur hym forwarde: if he vnderſtoode that he were y^e woorſe for beating, he woulde win him with rewardes: finally, by interlacing ſtudy wyth recreation, ſorrow with mirth, payne with pleaſure, ſowerneſſe with ſwéeteneſſe, rough|neſſe with myldeneſſe, he had ſo good ſucceſſe in ſchooling his pupils, as in good ſooth I may boldly byde by it, that in the realme of Irelãd was no Grãmer ſchoole ſo good, in Englande I am well aſſured, none better. And becauſe it was my happy happe (God & my parentes be thanked) to haue bene one of his crewe, I take it to ſtand with my duety, ſith I may not ſtretch myne habilitie in requiting hys good turnes, yet to manifeſt my goodwill in remẽ|bryng his paines. And certes, I acknowledge my ſelfe ſo much bound and beholding to him and his, as for his ſake, I reuerence the mea|neſt ſtone cemented in the walles of that fa|mous ſchoole. This town is named Kilkenny of an holy and learned Abbot called Kanicus,

Kylkenny why ſo cal|led.

The lyfe of Kanicus.

borne in the countie of Kilkenny, or (as it is in ſome bookes recorded) in Connaght. This prelate beyng in his suckling yeres fostered, through EEBO page image 15 through the prouidence of God, with the milk of a cow, and baptized and bishopped by one Luracus, thereto by Gods especiall appoyntment, deputed, grew in tracte of tyme to such deuotion and learnyng, as he was reputed of all men, to be as well a mirrour of the one, as a paragon of the other: whereof he gaue sufficient coniecture in hys minoritie. For beyng turned to the keepyng of sheepe, and hys fellow shepeheards, wholy yelding themselues like luskish vagabonds to slouth and sluggishnesse, yet would he still finde himselfe occupied in framing with Osiars and twigs, little woodden churches, and in fashioning the furnitures thereto appertaining. Beyng stepte further in yeares, he made his repayre into England, where cloystering himselfe in an abbey, wherof one named Doctus, was abbot, he was wholy wedded to his booke and to deuotion: wherein he continued so painefull and diligent, as being on a certaine time penning a serious matter, and hauing not fully drawn the fourth vocall, the abbey bell tingde to assemble the couent to some spirituall exercise. To which he so hastened, as he left the letter in semicirclewyse vnfinished, vntill he returned back to his booke. Soone after being promoted to the ecclesiasticall orders, he trauailed by the consent of his fellowmonkes to Rome, and in Italy he gaue such manifest proofe of his pietie, to this daye in some partes therof he is highly renownned.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Thomas-towne. Thomas fitz An|tonie.Thomas towne, a proper town builded in the countie of Kilkenny, by one Thomas fitz Antony in Engliſh man. The Ie [...] thereof name it Bally macke Andan: that is, y^e town of fitz Antony. This gentleman had iſſue two daughters, the one of them was eſ [...]ed to Denne, the other maried to Archdeacon, or Macked [...], whoſe heyres haue at this day the towne betweene them in cooparcenary. But bicauſe the reader may ſée in what part of the countrey the cities & chiefe townes ſtand, I take not farre amiſſe to place them in order as enſueth.

The names of the chiefe townes in Vlſter.

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Drogheda.
Carregfergus.
Downe.
Armach.
Arglaſh.
Cloagher.
Muneighan.
Doonn [...]gaule.
Karreg mack Roſſe.
Newry.
Carlingford.
Ardy.
Doondalke.
Louth.

The names of the chiefe townes in Leinſter.

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Dublin.
Balrudey.
L [...]e.
Swordes.
Taſh [...]ggard.
Ly [...].
Newcaſtle.
R [...]mle.
Oughter arde.
Naas.
Clane.
Maynooth.
Kylcocke.
Rathayangan.
Kyldare.
Luianne.
Caſtletowne.
Philli [...] towne.
Mary [...]c [...]gh.
Kylcullen.
Caſtle marten.
Thyſtleder [...].
Kyles.
Ath [...].
Catherlangh.
[...]helen.
[...]ouranne.
T [...]s [...]ne.
Encſtyocle.
Caſhelle.
C [...]llan [...]e.
Kylkenny.
Knocktofer.
Roſſe.
Clonmelle.
Weiſeforth.
Fernes.
Fydderd.
Eneſcorty.
Tathmon.
Wyckloe.
Ackloa.

The names of the chiefe townes in Mounſter.

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VVaterford.
Liſmore.
Doongaman.
Yoghill.
Corcke.
Lymmerick.
Kylmallock.

The names of the chiefe townes in Connaght.

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Aloane.
Galuoy.
Anry.
Louaghryagh.
Clare.
Toame.
Sligagh.
Roſſecomman.
Arctlowne.

The names of the chiefe townes in Meeth.

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Trymme.
Doonſhaghlenne.
Rathlouth.
Nauanne.
Abooy.
Scryne.
Taraugh.
Kemles.
Doonboyne.
Greenock.
Duleeke.

The names of the townes in Weſtmeeth.

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Molingare.
Fowre.
Loughfeude.
Kylkenyweſt.
Moylagagh.
Deluynne.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 In the xxxiiij.1542. yeare of the reigne of King Henry the eight, it was enacted in a parlia|ment, holden at Deſ [...]ye [...]re before. Syr [...]|thou [...]e Setitleger knight, Lorde deputie of EEBO page image 588 Irelande, that Méeth ſhoulde be deuided and made two ſhyres, one of them to bée cal|led the countie of Méeth, the other to be cal|led the county of Weſt méeth, and that there ſhoulde be two ſhayeles and offycers conue|nyent within the ſame ſhyres, as is mo [...] ex|preſt in the acte.

The names of the chiefe hauen townes in Irelande.

Compare 1587 edition: 1

Loughfoyle.
The Banne.
Wolderfrith.
Craregfergus.
Strangforde.
Ardglas.
Lougheuen.
Carlingforde.
Kylkeale.
Dundalk.
Kylclogher.
Dunnany.
Drogheda.
Houlepatrick.
Nany.
Baltray.
Brymore.
Balbriggen.
Roggers towne.
Skerriſh.
Ruſhe.
Malahyde.
Banledooyle.
Houth.
Dublynne.
Dalkee.
Wickincloa.
Arckloa.
Weisford.
Bagganbun.
The Paſſage.
Waterforde.
Dungaruan.
Roſſe noua.
Youghylle.
Corck mabegge.
Corck.
Kynſale.
Kyerye.
Roſſe Ilbere.
Dorrye.
Baltynymore.
Downenere.
Downeſheade.
Downelounge.
Attannanne.
Craghanne.
Downen [...]bwyne.
Balyneskilyliodge.
Daugyne [...]houſe.
Traly.
Senynne.
Caſſanne.
Kylnewyne.
Lymmetick.
Innyskartee.
Belalenne.
Arynenewyne.
Glanemaughe.
Ballyweyham.
Bynwarre.
Dowrys.
Woran.
Roskam.
Galway.
Kyllynylly.
Innesboſynne.
Owran Moare.
Kylcolken.
Burske.
Belleclare.
Ratheſilbene.
Byerweiſowre.
Buraueis hare.
Ardne makow.
Rosbare.
Kilgolynne.
Wallalele.
Rabranne.
Strone.
Burweis now.
Zaltra.
Kalbalye.
Ardnock.
Adrowſe.
Sligaghe.
Innes Bowſenne.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Camb. lib. 1. Top. diſt. 2. rub. 3. & 4. Cambriense obserued in his time, that when the sea doth ebbe at Dublyne, it ebbeth also at Bristow, and floweth at Mylford & Weisford. At Wyckloa the sea ebbeth when in all other partes it commonly floweth. Furthermore this he noted, that the ryuer, which ru(n)neth by Wyckloa, vpon a lowe ebbe is salte, but in Arckloa, the next hauen towne, the ryuer is freshe when the sea is at full. He wryteth also, that not farre from Arckloa standeth a rocke, and when the sea ebbeth in one side of thereof, it floweth in the other side as fast. Cambriense ensearcheth dyuers Philosophicall reasons in finding out the cause, by obseruing the course of the Moone, who is the empresse of moysture. But those subtilties I leaue for the schoole streetes.

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