1.7. King Iames his quarell vnto the earle of Surrie.
King Iames his quarell vnto the earle of Surrie.
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1 _WHere it
is alledged that we are come into England against our bond and promise, thereto we an|swer: that our
brother was bound as farre to vs as we were to him, and when we sware last before his ambas|sadors
in presence of our councell, we ex|pressed speciallie in our oth,
that we would keepe to our brother, if our brother kept to vs, and not else. We sweare that our bro|ther
brake first to vs, and of his breach we required him diuers times of amends: and latelie we warned him,
as he did not vs yet we brake. And this we take for our quarell, and by Gods grace shall defend the
same at your affixed time, which with Gods helpe we shall abide. ¶
Thus was the king verie desirous to trie the matter by battell, al|though the wisest sort of his nobles
wished not that he should doo anie thing ouer rashlie.
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1
2 There
chanced also manie things taken (as yée would say) for warnings of some great mischance Prodigious chances. to follow, which though some reputed but as vaine and casuall
haps; yet the impression of them bred a certeine religious feare and
new terror in his heart. For as he was in councell with his lords, to vnder|stand their opinions touching
the order of his bat|tels, there was an hare start amongst them, which hauing a thousand arrowes,
daggers, and other kind An hare. of things bestowed at hir, with great noise
and show|ting, yet she escaped from them all safe and without hurt. The same night also, mise had gnawne
in sunder the buckle and leather of his helmet where|with The buckle leather of his
helmet gnawn with mise. The cloth of his tent of bloodie colour. he should fasten the same to
his hed. And more|ouer, the cloth or veile of his inner tent (as is said) about the breake of the day,
appeared as though the deawie moisture thereof had béene of a bloudie colour.
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1
2 Herevpon
the king keeping himselfe within his tent, the earle of Surrie constreined by necessitie to séeke all
waies whereby to traine the king downe from the hill where he was lodged, remooued his campe towards the
hils of Floddon, where the king The English campe remoo|ued by the earle. of
Scots laie incamped [...] and on the ninth day of September passed the water of Till at Twisell bridge; the rereward going
ouer at Milford, put|ting themselues as néere as they could betwixt the Scotish campe and Scotland. King
Iames percei|uing the Englishmen to passe the water, iudged that they had ment to win an hill that laie
betwixt them and his campe, and therefore to preuent them, he caused his field to be raised, and fier to
be set on The Scots campe remoo|ued also. the litter & cabins which
they had made of boughs, and so with all spéed remooued to the other hill, be|ing gotten thither yer the
English men could per|ceiue him to be remooued out of his former lod|gings, bicause the smoke of the
fiers which the Scots had made, couered all the countrie betwixt the two armies.
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1 In the
meane while were the Englishmen ad|uanced to the foot of Floddon hill, hauing thereby Aduantage gotten by the ground. gotten double aduantage: for the Scotish ordinance could not
much annoie them in marching vpwards vnder the leuill thereof, and they againe might gall the Scots in
shooting off at them, as they came downewards vpon them. For king Iames hauing King
Iames his prectise. disappointed the Englishmen of the hill, thought ve|relie it should be an
easie matter for him to ouer|throw them, which being put beside the place where they intended (as he
thought) to haue camped, would neuer abide the countenance of his puissant armie, if he might atteine to
ioine with them. Therefore the Scotish armie [after they had appointed the same into thrée wards, whereof
(as saith Lesleus) the earle Fr. Thin. of Huntleie and the lord Hume
led the right wing, the left had the earle of Crawford and Montrosse; and the king himselfe kept the
middle ward, with the earles of Argile and Lennox] making downwards, incountered with the English host
néere to the foot of the mounteine called Branxton, and first sir Ed|mund Haward leading one of the out
wings of the English armie, hauing with him thrée thousand Sir Edmund Haward was
fiercelie as|sailed. men, being fiercelie assailed by the Scots on foot, hauing speares and
long weapons, and also by cer|teine horssemen, was in the end discomfited, and his people beaten downe
and put to flight, so that being of them for saken, he was constreined to follow. But yet he and diuerse
other which escaped, ioined them|selues to the next battell as well as they might. This so prosperous a
beginning, who would thinke A good begin|ning had an euill ending. should haue
turned to the losse of the Scots part, and aduancement of the English side. But so it came to passe, for
king Iames no sooner saw that wing of the English host ouerthrowne and discomfited, but that he déemed
how all the whole power of the English|men King Iames deceiued him|selfe and aligh ted
from his horsse. had béene fléeing away: and therfore alighting beside his horsse, and
commanding those that were a|bout him to follow, prepared himselfe to pursue the chase.
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1 His
capteins did what they could by words to re|mooue The capteins good counsell not
regarded. him from his purpose, declaring to him the dutie of a prince: which is not rashlie to
enter the fight, but to prouide and sée that euerie thing be doone in order: and whereas comming to trie
the matter by hand blowes, he can doo no more than another man; yet keeping his place as apperteineth to
his person, he may be woorth manie thousands of other. The king nothing mooued with these exhortations,
breaking his arraie of battell, with a companie of noble men, rushed forward into the fore ward, where
The kings hardinesse marred all. accomplishing the office of a footman, he
found the Englishmen not fléeing, but manfullie standing at EEBO page image 301 resistance, so that there
was a right hard incounter, and manie arrowes shot on euerie side, and great hurt doone therewith.
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1
2 At length
sir Edward Stanlie with the reregard of the Englishmen came fiercelie downe from the Sir Edward Stanlie inua [...]d the backe of the rere|gard. hill of Branxton, vpon the backe of the kings armie,
wherein they fought cruellie on both parts for a long space; but at length the victorie inclined to the
Eng|lishmen. For the king himselfe was there beaten downe and slaine, with all that whole battell which
first entered the fight. The other part of the Scotish
King Iames [...]aine. host, whereof Alexander Hume lord chamberlaine had the gouernance, although he saw
where the other The lord chamberlaine [...]ood still. Scotishmen were in danger, and closed in on euerie side, yet would he not once
remooue one foot forward out of the place (where he stood) to aid them. Moreo|uer, the lacke of
discretion in the king, which would needs run vpon his owne death, amazed the minds of all men, and
brought them into such perplexitie, that they knew not what to doo; but looked one vpon another without
stirring to or fro, as those that were in despaire now after the death
of their king to reco|uer the victorie, which by so strange a chance séemed as it were slipped out of
their hands.
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1 Howbeit,
the lord chamberlaine bare the most blame, for that he did not cause a new onset to be gi|uen. The lord chamberlaine beareth the blame. But it happened well for the Englishmen:
for if king Iames had ordered himselfe wiselie in this battell, or that after he was slaine, a new furie
had mooued the Scots to haue renewed the fight in re|uenge of the kings death, as had beene expedient,
the victorie vndoubtedlie had béene theirs (as was thought by men of
great vnderstanding.) Where|vpon the Englishmen remembring how manifest|lie The
English men thanked God for this noble victorie. Gods goodnesse appeared towards them in this
battell, confessed themselues long after bound to God for their safetie and deliuerance out of that
pre|sent danger. The fight began about foure of the clocke in the after noone, and continued thrée
houres, 5000. Buchan. 15000 men slaine. in the which fiftéene thousand
men were slaine on both parts: and of that number a third part at the
least was of Englishmen (as was crediblie repor|ted) but (as our English writers affirme) there died of
Englishmen not past fiftéene hundred.
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1 But yet
the Scotishmen hold, that there died more of the Englishmen than of their nation at this field, and that
manie thought it was not the bodie of king Iames which the Englishmen found in the field, and tooke it
for his; but rather an other Scotish mans corps, called the lard of Bonehard, who was also slaine there.
And it was affirmed by sundrie, that the king was seene the same night
aliue at Kel|so: and so it was commonlie thought that he was liuing long after, and that he passed the
seas into o|ther countries, namelie to Ierusalem to visit the ho|lie sepulchre, and so to driue foorth
the residue of his daies, in dooing penance for his former passed offen|ses: but he appeared not in
Scotland after as king, no more than Charles duke of Burgognie did ap|peare in his countries after the
battell of Nancie, although his people had the like vaine opinion that
he escaped from that discomfiture aliue.
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1 But now to
returne to the truth of the matter where we left. In the night folowing after this terri|ble battell, the
residue of the Scotish armie retur|ned The Scotish men returne [...]ome againe. homewards the same way they came, wasting and spoiling the English borders as
they passed. At their comming home, euerie man spake euill of them, for that as towards and naughtie
persons, They were re [...]led of their [...]ne people. they neither sought to reuenge the death of their no|ble king, nor yet to
succour their fellowes that were beaten downe and slaine before their faces. But namelie Alexander Hume
lord chamberlaine was repr [...]ued, as cause of all that mischiefe, which beha|ued himselfe not as a capte [...]ne, but as a traitor or enimie to his countrie. Fr. Thin. Buchan. li:
13 Upon the honor of this victorie, Thomas Haward earle of Surrie (as a note of the conquest)
gaue to his seruants this cog|nisance (to weare on their left arme) which was a white lion (the beast
which he before bare as the pro|per ensigne of that house) standing ouer a red lion (the peculiar note of
the kingdome of Scotland) and tearing the same red lion with his pawes.]
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1
2 Thus haue
you heard how through rashnesse and lacke of skilfull order, the Scotish armie was ouer|come, and that
worthie prince king Iames the fourth brought to his fatall end, on the ninth day of September, in the
twentie and fift yéere of his reigne, and thirtie and ninth of his age, which was in the yéere from the
incarnation 1513. For his poli|tike gouernment and due administration of iustice, which he exercised
during the time of his reigne, hée deserued to be numbred amongest the best princes that euer reigned
ouer the Scotish nation. All theft, reiffe, murther, and robberie ceassed in his daies, by The sauage people refor|med them|selues. such rigorous execution of lawes penall
as he cau|sed to be exercised through all the bounds of Scot|land: insomuch that the sauage people of the
out Iles sorted themselues through terror and dread of due punishment to liue after the order of lawes
and iustice, where otherwise of themselues they are na|turallie inclined to sedition, &
disquieting of each o|ther. To conclude, men were in great hope, that if it had pleased the hie
determinate power of almightie God to haue lent to him longer life, he should haue brought the realme of
Scotland to such a flouri|shing estate, as the like in none of his predecessors times was yet euer heard
of.
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1 There died
with him in that infortunate battell, of noble men (beside others of the meaner sort) the archbishop of
saint Andrewes his bastard sonne, the bishop of the Iles: the abbats of Inchaffreie and Kilwennie: the
earles of Montrosse, Crawford, Ar|gile, Lennox, Glencar, Cathnes, Castelles, Both|well; Arrell high
constable of Scotland, Addell, A|tholl, and Morton: the lords Louet, Forbois, Elue|ston, Roos, Inderbie,
Saintcleare, Maxwell, and his thrée brethren, Daunlie, Sempill, Borthicke, Bogo|nie, Arskill, Blackater,
and Cowin: knights and gentlemen of name, sir Iohn Dowglas, Cuthbert Hume of Fast castell, sir Alexander
Seton, sir Da|nie, maister Iohn Grant, sir Dunkin Cawfield, sir Sander Lowder, sir George Lowder, maister
Mar|shall, maister Key, maister Ellot, maister Cawell clerke of the chancerie, the deane of Ellester,
Macke Kene, Macke Clene, with manie others.
Fr. Thin. Buchan. lib. 13. This Iames the fourth was of a firme bodie, of
iust stature, of most comelie countenance, and of sharpe wit, but altogither vnlearned, as the fault of
that age was. But he did diligentlie applie himselfe to an old custome of the countrie, cunninglie to
cure wounds, the knowledge whereof in times past was a thing common to all the nobilitie, being alwaies
vsed to the warres. He was easilie to be spoken vn|to, gentle in his answers, iust in his iudgements, and
so moderat in punishments, that all men might easi|lie sée he was vnwillinglie drawen vnto them. A|gainst
the detraction of the euill, and admonishment of the good, there was such woorthinesse of mind in him
(confirmed by the quiet of a good conscience, and the hope of his innocencie) that he would not onelie
not be angrie, but not so much as vse a sharpe woord vnto them. Amongest which vertues, there were
cer|teine vices crept in by the ouermuch desire to please the people, for whilest he labored to auoid the
note of couetousnesse (obiected to his father) and sought to win the fauour of the common sort (with
sumptuous feasts, gorgeous shewes, and large gifts) he fell into EEBO page image 302 that pouertie, that it
seemed (if he had liued long) that he would haue lost the fauor of his peopie (woone in old times) by the
imposition of new taxes. Where|fore his death was thought to haue timelie happened vnto him.)
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1 AFter the
death of that woorthie prince king Ia|mes the fourth, slaine at Branxton (as before ye Iames the fift. haue heard) his sonne Iames the fift succéeded him: for after the returne of
those that escaped from the said field, the queene assembled the lords and estates of the realme togither at Striueling, where the 21 An assemblie at
Striueling 1513. day of September 1513, hir sonne the foresaid Iames the fift, a child of one
yéere, fiue moneths, & ten daies of age, by vniuersall aduise and consent was crow|ned king, and
his mother the quéene appointed re|gent The king crowned, and the quéene ap|pointed
re|gent. of the realme, vsing the counsell of the reue|rend father Iames Beton archbishop of
Glascow, the earles of Huntleie, Angus, and Arrane.* This gouernement the queene obteined by reason of hir
husbands testament, who making his last will (be|fore that he went to
the warres) did appoint thereby that the whole administration of all things should remaine with hir, so
long as she continued a widow: the which though it were against the custome of the countrie (being the
first example of a womans go|uernement amongest the Scots) yet it séemed tole|rable to most men (giuen to
peace) especiallie since there were not men sufficient at that time for honor and experience to take that
charge in hand, by occasi|on of the great slaughter of the nobles at Floddon field, which gouernement she did not long inioy.]
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1 For
shortlie after they fell at variance amongest themselues, about the bestowing of those benefices which
were vacant by the deaths of those persons A debate. which had béene slaine at
the field; by reason whereof, some of them writ letters secretlie into France to The
duke of Albanie is sent for. Iohn duke of Albanie, willing him to come into Scotland to be
tutor to the king, and gouernor of the realme, as he that was next of bloud to the king, and neerest to
the crowne, in case the kings children de|ceassed without issue. He
therefore sent monsieur de la Bautie into Scotland, who in companie of the earle of Arrane, the lord
Fleming, and Lion the Monsieur de la Bautie is sent into Scotland. herald
(which long had béene in France) landed on the west coast the third of Nouember. And shortlie after, the
said monsieur de la Bautie deliuered his letters to the queene and lords, who therevpon met at saint
Iohns towne, and there by vniuersall con|sent it was accorded, that the duke of Albanie should An assemblie had at Stri|ueling. be admitted tutor and gouernor to the king
& realme, and that the same should be confirmed in parlement by
the thrée estates which should be kept at Eden|burgh, the thirtéenth day of March next, for the same
intent.
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1 To
rehearse the troubles and great disquietnesse that chanced, during the minoritie of this king, tho|rough
The great disquietnesse reigning in Scotland du|ring the mi|noritie of Iames the
fift. lacke of due administration of iustice, and by discord & variance dailie rising
amongest the lords & péeres of the realme, a man might haue iust cause greatlie to woonder
thereat, and in weieng the same throughlie, no lesse lament the
oppression doone to the poore commons in that wicked and most miserable time, when iustice séemed to
sléepe, and rapine with all the other sorts and rabble of iniurious violence inuaded hir emptie seat,
triumphing ouer all as a conqueror. Fr. Thin. Buchanan. lib. 12. During
the times of which disorder, there was (amongest those which preied and spoiled others) a great capteine
of the same faction, called Macrobert Struan, who (ouerrunning Atholl and the adioining places) was
accompanied for the most part with eight hundred théeues, and sometime more. Which Struan was at length
(whilest he spoiled e|uerie man at his owne pleasure, and at that time re|maining with his vncle Iohn
Creichton) taken by wait laied for him, and inforced to depart with his life.]
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1 The quéene
sent louing letters vnto the king of England hir brother, requiring him of peace. Where|vpon a truce was
taken betwixt the two realmes of England and Scotland, for the space of one yéere and a day. In the
beginning of Februarie, the king of England, hearing that a parlement should be hol|den in Scotland, for
the bringing in of the duke of The king of England wri|teth to his si|ster.
Albanie to be tutor, wrote to his sister that she should in anie wise impeach and staie his comming
thither; declaring how dangerous it was, not onelie for hir, but also for hir sonne to haue him gouernor,
which was to succéed, if hir son were once out of the way. But the chiefest cause that mooued the king of
Eng|land to labour, that the duke should haue nothing to doo in Scotland, was (as manie thought) for that
he knew how the duke, in fauour of the king of France, would shew himselfe an enimie against England,
with all the force he might make or procure.
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1 Now
shortlie after that the peace was concluded betwixt him and the king of France, he sent a letter also,
requiring him not to suffer the duke to passe in|to Scotland, for the reason first alleged. But
not|withstanding the labor that king Henrie made to The duke of Albanie con|firmed
tutor by parlement. the contrarie, it was concluded by the states in par|lement assembled in
Edenburgh, at the time prefix|ed, that sir Patrike Hamilton, and Lion king of armes should be sent into
France, to procure the duke to come into Scotland, being now confirmed tutor and gouernor, according to
the lawes of the realme in such cases prouided. Wherevpon, in Aprill then next following they tooke the
seas, and passed into France, accordinglie as by the states had béene deuised.
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1
2 This yéere
came a legat into Scotland from the 1514. A legat from Rome. The quéene deliuered of
hir second son Alexander. pope, with certeine priuileges granted to the king and realme. The
thirtith of Aprill was the queene deliuered of a prince in the castell of Striueling, which was baptised
by the postulat of Dunfirmling, and the archdeane of saint Andrewes, and instantlie confirmed by the
bishop of Cathnesse, by the name of Alexander. During the time that the quéene lay in childbed, great
discord fell out betwixt the lords of the west parts, and the other lords of the realme: but shortlie
after the queene called an assemblie at E|denburgh the twelfth of Iulie, where they were all well agréed.
And heerewith two of the cleargie were sent into England for peace. And the 28 of the same moneth,
maister Iames Ogiluie abbat of Dri|burgh, and sir Patrike Hamilton, and Lion the herald came foorth of
France with articles in wri|ting from the king there, and the duke of Albanie; by the which the dukes
comming was excused, because the king could not want him, till some end were had touching the warres
betwixt him and the king of England, which was concluded in October next in|suing.
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7 This
yéere, the sixt of August, the quéene maried The mariage of the quéene mother. The
great seale taken from the bi|shop of Glas|cow. Archembald Dowglasse earle of Angus, and
imme|diatlie after in saint Iohns towne tooke the great seale from the bishop of Glascow, that was
chancel|lor of the realme. Whervpon the said bishop got him to Edenburgh, where manie lords assisted him,
and kept out the quéene and hir new husband, so that they might not enter there: whereof great discord
rose within the realme amongest the nobles and péeres of the same. In the peace contracted betwixt Lewes
the twelfth of that name, king of France, and Hen|rie A peace con|cluded be|twixt
Eng|land & France the eight king of England, no mention was made of the realme of
Scotland: for the which the Scotishmen thought great [...]lt in the French king, seeing that for his cause the warre had béene attemp|ted betwixt them and
England. The same yéere, a|bout EEBO page image 303 the twentie fift of October, William Elphing|ston The deceasse of the bishop of Aberden. bishop of Aberden; and lord kéeper of the
priuie scale departed this life at Edenburgh. He had béene a faithfull councellor to Iames the third
& to Iames the fourth, by whose helpe he founded and indowed the college in the old towne of
Aberden, for the in|crease of learning & vertue, which hath florished with good wits of students
euer since, till these our daies. The 20 of Nouember, Le sire de la Bautie receiued the castell of Dunbar
in the name of the duke of Al|banie,
Monsieur de la Bautie. at the hands of the deane of Glascow bróther to the
bishop of Murrey, called Forman. Shortlie after, Iohn Hepborne the prior of saint Andrews then elect
archbishop of that sée, besieged the castell of saint Andrews, and wan it by force from the kée|pers of
it, which were appointed to defend it in the name of Gawin Dowglasse, wherewith the quéene and the earle
of Angus were highlie offended. The twelfth of Ianuarie, being a verie darke & windie night, the
earle of Lennox, and the maister of Glen|carne
1514. vndermined the nether groundsoile of the ca|stell gate of Dunbreton,
& entered thereby into the castell, & so tooke it, putting out thereof the lord Er|skin.
The castell of Dunbreton taken. Shortlie after (that is to say) the
fiftéenth of that moneth, a great assemblie was made betwixt the earles of Angus and Arrane, the one to
haue fought with the other, which was the cause and be|ginning of great trouble that insued.
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1 The same
day in Edenburgh were the buls pub|lished, The popes buls publi|shed. 1515.
Lesle.
which Forman the bishop of Murrey had pur|chased at Rome, for
the obteining of the archbishop|rike of saint Andrews, the abbasies of Dunfirme|ling, and Arbroeth,
through supplication of the quéene and duke of Albanie. From which buls the prior of saint Andrews
appealed, pretending title to the arch|bishops Contention about the in|ioieng of the
see of saint Andrews. sée by election and generall gift of the lords of the realme; and her
vpon got togither his friends in Edenburgh, as the maister of Hales and others. And on the other part,
the lord chamberleine, and di|uerse of the bishop of Murreis friends got the kings letters, by vertue whereof they proclamed the said maister of Hales, and the prior of
saint Andrews rebels, with all their assistants, putting them to the horne: wherevpon they were
constreined to depart out of Edenburgh. And in Maie following, the pri|or went vnto Rome, there to
iustifie his appeale.
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1 The foure
and twentith of Februarie, a parle|ment was assembled at Striueling; but because the lords could not
agrée amongst themselues, it was proroged till the comming of the duke of Albanie, which was looked for to be in Scotland, in Aprill; or at the furthest in Maie next
insuing, as he had sent word by sir Iohn Striueling of the Keir, that was latelie come from him with
letters vnto the lords and péeres of the realme. The fiftéenth of Maie, truce was proclamed betwixt
England and Scotland, to indure for three yeares, or three moneths (as saith Lesleus) but the
same day at six of the clocke in the 1515. Truce be|twixt Eng|land and
Scotland. afternoone, the Englishmen entered the borders of Scotland vpon the water of Rule,
and forraied the countrie, dooing great hurt therein, notwithstan|ding
the truce. The seuentéenth day of Maie, Iohn duke of Albanie, tutor and gouernor of Scotland, arriued at
the towne of Aire, with eight ships well The duke of Albanie his arriuall in
Scotland. appointed, and furnished with men and all kind of necessarie prouision for his
estate.
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1 From
thence taking the sea againe, he sailed a|longst the coast till he came to Dunbreton, and there came on
land, & on the next day passed foorth to Glas|cow, where all the westland lords receiued him with
great semblance of reioising for his arriuall. The six and twentith day of Maie, he was receiued into
The duke of Albanie recei|ued into E|denburgh. Edenburgh, a great number of
lords méeting him on the way. The quéene also came from hir owne lod|ging and met him, to doo him honor.
Sundrie con|ceipts, pageants, & plaies were shewed by the burges|ses, to honor his entrie in the
best maner they could deuise. Shortlie after his comming to Edenburgh, there came thither foorth of all
parts of the realme, the lords and barons, where they being assembled in councell, he tooke vpon him the
gouernement of the realme, which he promised to vse by their aduise, so that they would assist him in
setting foorth of iu|stice and good orders, which they vndertooke to doo.
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1 Herevpon
was the parlement, which had béene A parlement summoned. proroged till his
comming, summoned to be kept at Edenburgh the twelfth of Iulie, in the which diuerse acts were concluded
and made; and the lord Drum|mond was adiudged in the dukes mercie, for stri|king Lion king of armes. The
duke pardoned him of life and honor, but his lands and goods remained in the kings hands:
notwithstanding, he was after|wards restored to the same againe. In this parle|ment also, the duke of
Albanie was confirmed by the three estates of the realme tutor and gouernor to the king, the scepter and
sword being deliuered to him: his oth also was taken by the lords, and theirs giuen to him, that each of
them should be faithfull to others, and namelie to their king and souereigne lord, and also should
mainteine iustice to the vtter|most of their powers, for the aduancement of his honor, and suertie of the
realme.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In the
meane time, whilest this parlement was in hand, the gouernor was aduertised that the king should haue
béene conueied foorth of the realme se|cretlie into England: wherevpon he suddenlie de|parted in the
night time from Edenburgh, with his men of warre in good order, & came to Striueling, where the
king, with his brother Alexander, laie with the quéene; which castell, togither with the kings per|son,
and the other within it, were deliuered to him The king de|liuered to the kéeping of
cer|teine lords. the third day of August: wherevpon he committed them and the castell to the
keeping of foure lords of the realme, whereof the earles of Eglenton and Montrosse were two. The lord
Hume, because he had assisted the earle of Angus and the quéene a|gainst The lord Hume
de|nounced a re|bell. the gouernor, was denounced a rebell; and the earles of Lennox &
Arrane, with manie others, were sent to his houses to seize the same into the kings hands. In the castell
of Hume was laid gun|powder by a traine, wherby diuerse of them that en|tered first into the castell were
burned.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The lord
Hume himselfe got him into England, and sore disquieted the marches, so that no day of truce was holden,
neither on the east nor middle marches. The twelfth of August, the quéene, the earle of Angus, and his
brother George Dowglas, went from Temptallon vnto Berwike, and from thence passed to the nunrie of
Caudstreame; where|vpon aduertisement being giuen to the K. of Eng|land, and his pleasure therein knowne,
the six and twentith of that moneth she was receiued by the lord Dacres, & conueied to Harbottell
castell, where she remained till she was deliuered of a daughter, called Margaret Dowglasse, afterwards
maried to The birth of the countesse of Lennox. the earle of Lennox, as in
place conuenient it shall further appeare. There was no Scotishman at this time receiued into England
with hir. The gouernor perceiuing the rebellion of the lord Hume, passed to the borders with his
Frenchmen, where the sixt of October, the said lord Hume came & submitted him|selfe to the
gouernors pleasure, and his brother Alex|ander The lord Hume sub|mitted
him|selfe. shortlie after did the same, and they were both deliuered to the earle of Arrane,
who was appointed to keepe them in safetie within the towne of Eden|burgh.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 But the
twelfth of October next insuing, the said earle of Arrane departed from thence in the night EEBO page image 304 season, with those his prisoners, stealing their waies The earle of
Arrane stea|leth away. on foot. Herevpon, the gouernor causing the parle|ment to be holden that
was summoned to begin the foure and twentith of October, the said lord Hume, maister William Hume, and
Dauid Hume, were conuict of treason by all the states, to lose their liues, lands, and goods. This
parlement was proroged till The lord Hume and o|ther conuic|cted of trea|son.
fifteene daies after, within which time the earle of Arrane was appointed to make appearance, or else it
was agreed that they should procéed against him in like maner. And in
that meane space, the gouernor went to besiege the castell of Hamilton, where that noble aged ladie, the
old countesse of Arrane, daugh|ter The old coun|tesse of Arrane purchaseth hir sons
pardon. to king Iames the second, & mother to the earle of Arrane, and aunt to the duke
by his fathers side, caused not onelie the castell to be surrendered at the dukes pleasure, but procured
also the earle of Arrans peace, which earle, the twelfth of Nouember next in|suing, came with the bishop
of Glascow vnto Eden|burgh, and there submitted himselfe to the dukes
will.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 About the
same time, certeine lords tooke part with the earle of Murreie the kings bastard brother, A commotion betwixt the earles of Murreie and Huntleie. and the earle of Erroll,
against the erle of Huntleie, and raised a commotion; so that being got into E|denburgh, there was much
adoo, & the towne great|lie disquieted. The gouernor lieng in the abbeie, came into the towne,
and tooke the earles of Hunt|leie, Erroll, Murreie, and others; and committed them to ward within the
castell, while he tried the cause: and finding that maister William
Haie be|ing with the earle of Murreie had raised that sturre, he sent the same Haie into France, there to
remaine during his pleasure, and foorthwith the said earles were set at libertie. Lion king of armes
appoin|ted to go into England with letters to king Hen|rie, was stopped at Caldstreame by the lord Hume,
who tooke his letters from him, and kept him priso|ner, till Alexander Humes moother, that remained
prisoner in Dunbar, was exchanged for him. The Lion king of armes staied by the lord Humes. eightéenth day of December, Alexander duke of
Rosseie the kings brother departed this life at Stri|ueling.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The
seuentéenth day of Ianuarie, a truce was taken betwixt England and Scotland, till the feast A truce con|cluded be|twixt Eng|land & Scot|land. of Pentecost next. This
truce was agréed vpon at Coldingham, by certeine commissioners, appoin|ted on either part there, to treat
for peace. For the realme of Scotland were these: Monsieur de Pla|nes
the French ambassador, archdeacon of saint An|drews, maister Gawin de Dunbar, and sir Wil|liam Scot of
Baluerie knights. The Englishmen comprised for their part, the earle of Angus and the lord Hume within
the compasse of this truce. In the meane time, the earle of Arrane departed from The
earle of Arrane eft|soones reuol|teth from the gouernor. the gouernor againe, and repaired to
the west parts, where he confederated himselfe with certeine lords, notwithstanding that sir Iames
Hamilton, and the lord of Cauder remained pledges for his good de|meanor within the castell of Edenburgh. The earles of Lennox, Glencarne, and other caused the castell of
The earle of Lenox furni|sheth Dunbre|ton. Dunbreton and diuerse other to be
furnished, and tooke the castell of Glascow with the kings great ar|tillerie that laie within it, and
spoiled the same.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The
gouernor aduertised thereof, raised an armie & went to Glascow, where, by the labor of the bishop
of that place, an appointment was taken, so that the castell was deliuered into the bishops hands. The
earle of Lennox came in to the gouernor, and tooke a new respit, and about the beginning of March next
following, the earle of Arrane and the lord Hume The earles of Lennox and Arrane take
a respit. Forman re|signeth his ti|tle to the arch|bishops see. did the like. Forman the
archbishop of saint An|drews, against whome the prior of saint Andrews did stand (as ye haue heard) for
that same benefice, to the great disquieting of the realme, by such parta|kings as chanced thereabout
among the lords, came now to the towne of Edenburgh, and resigned all the thrée benefices, whereof he had
purchased buls of the pope, that is to say, the archbishoprike of saint Andrews, the abbasies of Arbroth
and Dunfirme|ling in the gouernors hands, to bestow the same at his pleasure: who by the counsell of
certeine lords, so satisfie such as claimed interest to the same, and pa|cifieng of all debates, bestowed
them as followeth.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 First, the
said archbishoprike he gaue to the said Forman with the abbasies of Dunfirmeling, and to maister Iames
Hepborne he gaue the bishop|rike of Murrey, and benefices woorth a thousand Bestowing
of benefices. marks by the yeare vnto the prior of saint Andrews for a recompense; the abbasie
of Driburgh he gaue vnto maister Iames Ogiluie, and the bishoprike of Aberden (then vacant) vnto
Alexander Gurdon, and to the archbishop of Glascow called Beton he gaue the abbasie of Arbroth, assigning
to the earle of Murrey a large pension out thereof. One of the Fr. Thin.
Hamiltons was made abbat of Kilwinning [and George Dundasse was made prior of the knights of the roads.]
And thus he bestowed the benefices which had béene vacant euer since Floddon field, vnto diuerse lords,
or to their kinsmen, that by such liberalitie vsed towards them, all debates and dis|cords might ceasse,
which had happened amongest them, speciallie about the bestowing of the same benefices. This was doone in
the moneth of Febru|arie.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Shortlie
after, the gouernor, by counsell of the 1515. lords, to the end the realme
might come to a perfect quietnesse, and the noble men vnited togither, re|ceiued The
earle of Angus and o|thers receiued into fauor. into fauor the earle of Angus, &
maister Pa|trike Pantoun secretarie, who for his cause had béene kept as prisoner in Insche gaile. He
likewise receiued the lord Hume, and his brother, pardoning them all their offenses past. And in
parlement hol|den the fift of Maie, they were restored to all their lands, heritages, fées, and honors.
About that time, the lord of Strawen in Atholl committed diuerse great offenses and crimes, for the which
he was ta|ken by the earle of Atholl, and beheaded at Logi|raith by the gouernors commission.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 All this
while, the parlement was not dissolued The parle|ment began a|gaine. but vpon
prorogation, and so the same began againe the first day of Iulie, at what time the king of Eng|land, at
request of his sister the queene of Scotland, wrote letters to the lords now assembled in parle|ment,
The king of Englands letters to the lords. requesting them to expell the
gouernor foorth of the realme. But all the lords and states with vni|uersall consent sent Albanie the
herald with letters to the said king, excusing them, that they might not in anie wise satisfie his desire
therein, the same be|ing against reason and the lawes of their countrie.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In the
moneth of September, the gouernor com|manded The lord Hume and o|ther arrested and
commit|ted toward. the lord Hume, with his brother maister William Hume, and Dauid Kar of
Fernihurst, to be arrested and bestowed in seuerall places, that bet|ter rule might be kept vpon the
borders: but they lieng now in ward, sundrie informations were gi|uen vp against them: and therevpon, the
eight of October, the said lord Hume and his brother were conuict of treason, for assisting and
mainteining of the théeues vpon the borders, and other crimes; for the which he was beheaded: and on the
morrow af|ter, his brother the foresaid William Hume was The lord Hume
behea|ded. likewise beheaded, and their heads were set vpon the Tolbuith in Edenburgh: Dauid
Kar was spared.
Fr. Thin. Buchan. lib. 14. Alexander lord Hume left yet three brethren in
life, who were all by the iniuries of those times grée|uouslie afflicted with diuerse misfortunes. For
George, being banished for the slaughter of a man, EEBO page image 305 remained in England amongest his
friends. Iohn abbat of Iedwoorth was banished beyond Taie. Dauid the yoonger brother, which was prior of
Col|dingham two yeares after the death of his brethren, was (by Iames Hepborne, the husband of his
sister) slaine by a traine, vnder color of a meeting and par|lée, wherevnto he was called; whome all men
did pittie, because he was a harmelesse yoong gentle|man, of a singular wit, and fowlie betraied by those
of whom he ought not so to haue bin intrapped.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Shortlie
after, the duke rode to Iedwoorth with a great companie of men, & staied the great robbing
& The duke of Albanie visi|teth the bor|ders. Another par|lement. The duke of
Albanie se|cond person of the realme. reauing which had béene vsed on the borders, &
left there good wardens to kéepe good rule in those parts, and so returned to Edenburgh. The third of
Nouem|ber, another parlement was holden, in which it was decréed, that the gouernor should be déemed and
re|puted for second person of the realme, notwithstan|ding the claime made by his elder brother
Alexan|der Steward, that was begotten on the daughter of the earle of
Orkeneie, which was alleged to haue béene first maried to their father the duke of Alba|nie, before he
was maried to the earle of Bullognes daughter, on whome he begot the gouernor. Where|vpon this Alexander
made protestation to be heire to his father; but they were afterward agréed, and Alexander renounced his
title in his brothers fauor, and was made bishop of Murreie, and abbat of Scone. At this parlement, the
gouernor required licence to go into France, and to be absent there six
The gouer|nor asketh li|cence to go in|to France. moneths: but this sute was
not granted till Aprill following.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 At the
same time was the earle of Lennor put in ward within the castell of Edenburgh, till he had The earle of Lennox in ward. caused the castell of Dunbreton to be deliuered vnto
one Alane Steward in the constables name, & then he was set at libertie. In the moneth of
December, Monsieur de la Bautie was made warden of the Monsieur de la Bautie made
warden of the mar|ches. east marches in stead of the lord Hume, and kept daies of truce: which
procured such hatred, that it cost him afterwards his life. In the
moneth of Ia|nuarie, the gouernor went to saint Iohns towne, and there held his seat of iustice, where
the lord Fle|ming for the time was made great chamberlaine of Scotland, with all the fées thereof. In the
yeare 1517, there came ambassadors from Francis the 1517. Ambassadors from
France. new French king, to desire, that the ancient league might be renewed betwixt him and
the king of Scot|land, their realmes, dominions, and subiects.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 For this
cause, all the lords of the realme were as|sembled at Edenburgh, where,
by them it was con|cluded, that the gouernor himselfe should passe the seas into France; and also that
the bishop of Dun|keild, An ambassage into France. the secretarie, and the
maister of Glencarne as ambassadors should go thither: the which the thir|téenth of Maie, went a
shipboord, and by the east seas sailed thither, and the gouernor tooke ship at New|marke beside Dunbreton
the seuenth of Iune, ta|king his course by the west seas, and so passed into The
gouer|nor goeth into France. France, where it was agréed, that he should haue remained but onelie foure moneths, he hauing ap|pointed the bishops of saint Andrews
and Glascow, the earles of Huntleie, Argile, Angus, and Arrane, to gouerne in his place, whilest he was
absent. Al|so he ordeined Anthonie Darcie, or Monsieur de la Bautie lieutenant of the borders.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 He also
had caused the king to be brought into E|denburgh Gouernors appointed to the kings
per|son castell, within the which he should remaine in the kéeping of the earle Marshall, the
lords Er|skin, Borthwike, Ri [...]en; of the which, two at least should be alwaies present. The quéene that re|mained as then in
England, after she vnderstood that the gouernor was departed towards France, returned to Edenburgh the
seuentéenth of Iune, but she was not suffered to sée the king till August fol|lowing: at what time, for
feare of the pestilence to be crept into the castell, he was remooued to Crag|miller, The king re|moued. where the queene oftentimes came vnto him; but at length, through some
suspicion conceiued, least The doubt which the Scots had in the queene. the
quéene might conueie him away from thence in|to England, he was estsoones brought vnto the ra|stell of
Edenburgh, in which he was kept after, ac|cording to the order taken in that behalfe.
Fr. Thin. Lesleus. lib. 9. pag. 386. Much about this time in the which
these things were doone, Iohn Gordon (the eldest sonne of that Alexander earle of Huntleie, which for the
praise of his singular goodnesse obteined the surname of good) returning out of France (whither a little
before he had sailed with the gouernor) was singularlie welco|med and interteined of all men, who going
vnto his owne people (in the north parts) was vrged with such grieuous sickenesse that he died therwith,
and by his father (to whom he should by course of nature execute the same office) shortlie after buried
in the abbeie of Kilrosse, with a goodlie toome erected on him by his said father. The death of which
Iohn gaue (for manie causes) manie griefes vnto manie persons: but a|mongst other the chiefest to his
father, who liued not long after his sonne. Which Alexander when he died, left the said earledome to his
nephue, sonne of his sonne Iohn; who bicause he was but ten yéeres old, was committed to the earle of
Angus, to be instruc|ted in all goodnesse of maners answering to the ex|cellencie of that wit wherewith
he was indued.
This earle
Huntleie adorned with excellent swéet|nesse of maners and pleasantnesse of wit, the earle of Angus would
neuer or verie hardlie suffer to de|part out of his companie. For which cause when the erle of Angus, for
certeine suspicions of treson was banished Scotland into England, he attempted by all deuises and
persuasions to intise the child to haue gone with him: but the yoong boie could not be allu|red with anie
flatteries or persuasions to submit himselfe to the least note of reproch, in forsaking his king and
countrie. Wherefore when the earle of Angus was departed into England, the child lifting vp his crauing
hands to the king, did grant himselfe and all he had to the king and his countrie, whome the king
receiued with all kind of humanitie; and prouided that he should be instructed in euerie sort of vertue
and learning, that was to be desired in such a prince; bicause the said child was borne of his sisters
mariage.
The lords
and other nobles highlie offended (as Buchan. lib. 14 well for the death of the
lord Hume, as for that they saw Anthonie Darcie lord Bautie the French ad|uanced to greater credit than
themselues, and not onelie to be made warden of the marches, but also capteine of Dunbreton, the
strongest fort of Scot|land) began to raise tumults in the land. For Wil|liam Cockborne (vncle of Comarch
Lancton) who (expelling the gardians of the pupill) did keepe the ca|stell of Lancton, assisted with the
helpe of Dauid Hume lord of Woodburne (whose sister the said Cokcborne had maried) first began a
commotion in those parts. For when they saw that all means were taken from them openlie to reuenge the
sàme, and to set vpon Bautie, they determined to performe the same (with some secret deuise) by lieng in
wait for him.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 For the
castell of Langton or Lancton, being Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 387. kept in the
possession of Woodburne (and such as tooke his part against the king) he the said Wood|burne appointed
subtill fellows secretlie to enter the castell, and to reteine it in the kings name. After which, this
Woodburne feining a counterfeit anger (for he was a man full of all subtiltie) that this castell was so
iniuriouslie taken from him, and kept to the EEBO page image 306 kings behoofe, he laid siege to the
castell (as though he went about to recouer the same with all the power he could) to the intent that
Bautie might be intised to come thither to raise the siege. For which cause Bautie (supposing in truth
that the castell had bene kept to the vse of the king) hastening the rescue 1517. thereof, came foorth of the castell of Dunbar to as|semble the men of the countrie to
raise the siege, as lieutenant of the borders, he was chased by the said lord of Woodburne and other so
fiercelie, that in the
Monsieur de la Bautie slaine by the lord of Wood|burne. Fr. Thin.
end he was slaine, and foure Frenchmen with him: his head was cut from the shoulders, and set vp
in the towne of Duns [vpon the castell of Hume] the nintéenth of Ianuarie.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The lords
regents were herewith meruelouslie offended, & chose the earle of Arrane to be warden of the
borders in de la Bauties place, who was also chosen to be prouost of Edenburgh: wherewith the earle of
Angus was highlie displeased. But the erle of Arrane, not séeming to passe much thereof, tooke George Dowglas the said earle of Angus his bro|ther, and Marke Kar, committing
them to ward within the castell of Edenburgh, bicause of the fauor he bare vnto the said lord of
Woodburne & his com|plices. Moreouer, for due punishment of the mur|ther of the foresaid de la
Bautie, there was a parle|ment A parlement called. called the ninteenth of
Februarie next, in the which, Dauid Hume lord of Woodburne, and his thrée brethren, William Cockborne
& Iohn Hume, with diuerse other their partakers, were indicted for the besieging of the castell of Langton, the slaughter The lord of
Woodburne indicted. of monsieur de la Bautie, and for the setting vp of his head,
intercommuning with the Englishmen, and diuers other misdooings.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Immediatlie after the end of this parlement, the earle of Arrane came into the Mers, with a great The earle of Arrane com|meth into the Mers. armie, and hauing with him the kings
great artille|rie, ment to haue besieged such places as would haue resisted him. But at his being in
Lowder, the keies of the castell of Hume were brought vnto him, which
on the next morrow he receiued, and put men within it to keepe it, as he did in Langton and Woodburne,
which he receiued at the same time. The master of Hales was also sought for at that time, that hée The maister of Hales. might haue bene apprehended to answer the slaugh|ter of
Dauid Hume, prior of Coldingham, whom he had slaine traitorouslie. A litle before this parlement, the
bishop of Dunkeld was returned from the The bond of league be|twixt Scot|land
& France Capteins Moores. French king with a bond of the league renewed be|twixt
Scotland and France. And at that same time was one capteine Moores a
Frenchman sent foorth of France, with a certeine number of men, to re|ceiue the castell of Dunbar into
his kéeping, which accordinglie he did, the same béeing deliuered vnto him.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The earle
of Lennor, who had béene with the go|uernor in France, returned home into Scotland, & 1518. with him came a French herald from the king with letters, and maister Walter
Steward abbat of Glenluce came likewise from the gouernor. And a|bout
that time, bicause the queene and lords were ad|uertised The abbat of Glenluce.
that the French king had contracted new bonds of peace and amitie with the king of Eng|land, without
making mention of Scotland, they thought themselues euill vsed, being his confederat friends, and
thervpon sent sharpe letters to the king The Scots euill vsed at the French kings
hands. of France, and to the gouernor, by Albanie the he|rald: In the moneth of Iune, maister
Gawen Dun|bar, archdeane of saint Andrews, and clearke of the register, was preferred to the bishops sée
of Abber|den that was vacant by the death of Alexander Gourdon.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3
4
5 This Gawen
founded an hospitall in Abberden, and indowed the same with lands for sustenance of The bishop of Aberden a builder. twelue poore men, with a prouost to haue care ouer them. He
also builded a faire bridge; with seuen ar|ches ouer the water of Dee beside Abberden, and purchased
lands for the perpetuall vpholding there|of. He also builded two stéeples in the cathedrall church, with
halfe of the crosse church, and a faire pa|lace for the small prebendaries, called the chapleins.
Moreouer, he bestowed manie rich & pretious orna|ments vpon the same church of Abberden, as
copes, chalices, and other such like things, which remained there long after. Manie right commendable
works were accomplished by this diligent prelat, greatlie to his praise and high renowme; for he spent
not the fruits of his benefice in vaine, but on such maner of buildings.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 The
seuentéenth of Iune, there rose great stur in Edenburgh, by the falling out of the earle of Contention betwixt the erle of Rothes and the lord Lindsey. Rothes, and the lord
Lindsey, about the inioieng of the shiriffewike of Fife, by reason whereof, they were put in ward, the
one in Dunbar, and the other in Dunbreton. About the beginning of August, the quéene remaining in
Edenburgh, vnderstood that The cause of the hatred be|twixt the quéene and hir
husband. the earle of Angus hir husband, as then soiourning in Dowglas dale, had taken a faire
gentlewoman in those parts, and kept hir as his concubine; for the which act she conceiued such hatred
against him, that there was neuer no perfect loue betwixt them after|wards. In the beginning of
Februarie, there came a clearke as ambassador from the French king with 1519.
Lesle. letters, concerning the concluding of the truce be|twixt Scotland and England, which
message the lords made small account of, bicause the king had o|mitted to comprehend Scotland in the
league which he lastlie made with England. The seuenth of Iune, 1519. A mad
man. a mad man in Dundee slue in his mad fit a ladie of inheritance, a nun, with two other
women, the one of them being great with child, and also two men.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The king
of England wrote letters vnto the The king of England sée|keth to kéepe the duke of
Albanie foorth of Scotland. French king, desiring him to staie the duke of Al|banie, that he
might not come into Scotland; and furthermore, he laid ships of warre in the pase vpon the seas to watch
for his comming, and to take him by the waie as he should passe. In September the king was remooued
foorth of the castell of Eden|burgh vnto Dalkith, for doubt of the pestilence, which was suspected to be
in the castell of Edenburgh. And The earle of Arrane. from Dalkith the erle of
Arrane rode to Edenburgh to haue bin estsoones elected regent & prouost of that towne: but he
missed his purpose, for the townesmen would not suffer him to enter, but repelled him backe, so that
diuerse were hurt on both sides.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 Herevpon,
great dissention rose betwixt the said Dissention betwixt the earles of Ar|rane and
Angus. earle of Arrane, and the earle of Angus, bicause of his repulse in that sute: whereby
the whole realme was diuided into partakings, so that sundrie slaugh|ters thereof insued, as of the prior
of Coldingham, and six of his men murthered, by the lord of Wood|burne at Lamerton, the sixt of October.
About the same time, the king returned to the castell of Eden|burgh, and in the towne there were
remaining at the same time the earles of Angus, Erroll, and Craw|ford; the lord Glames, and other; the
bishops of saint Andrews, Abberden, Orkeneie, and Dublane, with diuerse abbats and other prelats. And in
the towne of Glascow was the bishop of Glascows chancellor, with the earles of Arrane, Lennor, Eglenton,
and Cassels; the lords Rosse, Sempill, the abbat of Pas|ley, the bishop of Galloway, and other noble men
of the west. Thus the lords were diuided, and would not [...]ake anie order for the good gouernment of the com|mon-wealth.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 In
December; monsieur de la Faiot, and a French Monsieur de la Faiot. clearke
called Cordell, with an English herald cal|led Clarenetour, came from the kings of France EEBO page image 307 and England, with an ambassador also from the go|uernor, with a conclusion of peace taken for one
yéere, betwixt Scotland and England: who com|ming to Edenburgh, were receiued by the earle of Angus, and
the other lords there with him, the which sent for the chancellor & the earle of Arrane to come
thither; but they would not come anie néerer than to Linlithgo. The ambassador therefore tooke in hand to
persuade, that an assemblie might be had in Striue|ling: but the earle of Angus would not come there.
Neuerthelesse, the said ambassadors went thither, where the earle of
Arrane and his partakers, as the chancellor and others, receiued them thankfullie, and proclamed the
peace, according to the treatie which The peace proclamed. they had brought,
and so with courteous answer and great rewards licenced them to depart. But in their returne toward
England, the earle of Angus with a great number of men met them at Carlauerok, re|proouing them sharpelie
for their demeanor, and for taking their answer of the chancellor, so that they were not a litle afraid, least the earle in his displea|sure would haue vsed some
outrage towards them, which otherwise than in woords it should appéere he did not.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In
Ianuarie, about the kéeping of a court at Ied|worth, there was raising of people betwixt the earle 1520. Uariance be|twixt the earle of Angus and the lord of Fernihurst. of Angus on
the one part, and Andrew Kar the lord of Fernihurst; in whose aid, Iames Hamilton came with foure hundred
Mers men: but the lord of Sesseford then warden, assisting the earle of Angus his part, met Hamilton at Kelso with a great com|panie, and when they were lighted on
foot, and should haue foughten, the Mers men left sir Iames Ha|milton, the bastard of the earle of
Arrane, in all the danger, with a few of his owne men about him, so that with much paine he was horssed,
and escaped in great danger vnto Hume, with losse of foure of his seruants which were slaine: and on the
other part, there was an Englishman slaine called Rafe Kar, that came in aid of the warden. On the morrow
af|ter, the lord of Fernihurst, as baliffe to the earle of Arrane, of
that regalitie, held his court at the princi|pall place of the forrest of Iedburgh, and the earle
himselfe held his court likewise in an other part of the same land, thrée miles distant from the
other.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The
thirtieth day of Aprill, the lord of Wood|burne, and maister William Dowglasse, newlie made prior of
Coldingham, with their partakers in great numbers, came to Edenburgh to aid the earle of Angus, who was
within the towne, against the earle of Arrane, and Iames Beton the
chancellor, who were also there. But now by the comming of these succors, which entered by force at the
neather bowe, and slue the maister of Mountgomerie, sonne of the earle Eglenton, and sir Patrike Hamilton
knight; the earle of Arrane, and the chancellor, were constreined to forsake the towne, & to
passe through the north loch. [To reuenge this contumelie, the Fr. Thin. Buchan. li.
14. Hamiltons besieged the cell of Marnocke (which is the castell of Cuningham) but they
shortlie returned backe without dooing anie thing against them.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The one
and twentith of Iulie, the earle of An|gus being in the towne of Edenburgh, George Hume, brother to the
late lord Hume beheaded, came thither with the abbat of Coldingham, brother to the earle of Angus, and
Dauid Hume of Wood|burne, and a great companie of gentlemen, and others, and passed to the Tolbuith,
where they remai|ned, till the heads of the lord Hume, and of his bro|ther William were taken downe
beside the place The lord Humes head taken downe. where they were fastened on a
[...]auill, and this was doone in presence of the prouost for the [...]me being. The next day they went to Linlithgo, and from thence to Striueling, in hope to haue found
the chan|cellor, and some other of that faction there. But mis|sing of their purpose, they returned to
Edenburgh a|gaine, and causing solemne funerall obsequies to be kept in the blacke friers, for them that
owght those heads, with offerings and bankets, they afterwards returned home to their owne dwellings,
without at|tempting anie other thing for that present.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In
Nouember, the duke of Albanie arriued in The duke of Albame re|turneth into Scotland.
1521. Buch.
Scotland on the west parts, at an hauen called Gra|wrach, the nineteenth of the same moneth; and
on the thrée and twentith he came to Edenburgh, accom|panied with the queene, the archbishop of Glascows
chancellor, the earle of Huntleie, and manie other lords, knights, barons, and gentlemen; and within six
daies after their comming thither, the prouost and The prouost & bailiffes of
E|denburgh de|posed. A parlement summoned. bailiffes were deposed, because they had beene
chosen in fauour of the earle of Angus, and other appointed in their roomes. Then was there a parlement
sum|moned to be kept at Edenburgh, the six and twen|tith of Ianuarie next following; and on the ninth of
Ianuarie, a generall summons of forfalture was proclamed at the market crosse in Edenburgh, wher|in were
summoned the earle of Angus and his bro|ther, the prior of Coldingham, the lord of Wood|burne, 1521. the lord of Dalehousie, Iohn Summerwell of Cawdstreme, and William Cockborne
of Langton, with their complices, to make their appeerance in the said parlement, to be tried for sundrie
great offenses by them committed.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Maister
Gawin Dowglasse bishop of Dunkeld,
Gawin Dow|glasse bishop of Dunkeld fléeth into England. hearing of this proclamation,
fled into England, and remained in London at the Sauoie, where he depar|ted this life, and is buried in
the church there. He was a cunning clearke, and a verie good poet: he transla|ted the twelue bookes of
the Aeneidos of Virgill in Scotish méeter, and compiled also The palace of ho|nor, with
diuerse other treatises in the Scotish lan|guage, which are yet extant. The earle of Angus fea|ring The earle of Angus fea|reth the sen|tence of for|falture. the sentence of
forfalture to be laied against him at the parlement, procured his wife (although there was small liking
betwixt them) to labor for his pardon to the gouernor. Wherevpon it was agre|ed, that the earle, and his
brother George Dowglasse should passe out of the realme into France, and there He and
his brother bani|shed. to remaine during the gouernors pleasure: and so they departed into
France, and remained there all the next yéere following.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The king
of England, hearing that the duke of Albanie was arriued in Scotland, and had taken the rule vpon him,
doubting least he should persuade the Scotishmen to assist the French king, against whome, by persuasion
of the emperor he ment short|lie to make warre, sent his herald Clarencieux into Clarencieux an English herald sent in|to Scotland. Scotland, to require the duke to depart
from thence, alledging, that it was promises by the king of France at the last enteruiew betwixt them,
which chanced the summer before, that he should not come into Scotland. And moreouer, whereas the king of
England was vncle vnto the king of Scots, he con|sidered with himselfe that by nature he was bound to
defend his nephue, as he ment to doo; and therefore he thought it not reason, that the duke being next to
The king of England dou|teth to haue the duke of Albanie go|uernor to the king his
ne|phue. the crowne to succéed, if ought came to the yoong king, should haue the gouernement of
him, least he might be made awaie, as other yoong kings had beene. He further complained, that the earle
of An|gus should be sent out of the realme, so that he could not inioy the companie of his wife, sister
vnto the same king of England.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Clarencieux had therefore commandement, that Warre de|nounced by Clarencieux against
the duke of Alba|nie. if the duke refused to depart out of the realme of Scotland, he should
intimate a defiance with open warre against him: which the said Clarencieux did, declaring his message
vnto the duke from point to EEBO page image 308 point at Holte rood house, as he had in commande|ment. To
whome the duke answered, that neither the The dukes answer. king of France, nor
the king of England should staie him from comming into his countrie. And as touching the king, who was as
yet yoong in yéeres, he loued him as his souereigne lord, and would keepe him, and defend both him and
his realm [...] against all other that would attempt to inuade the same, accor|ding to his conscience, honor, and
dutie. And as tou|ching the earle of Angus, he had vsed towards him all
clemencie and mercie, notwithstanding his euill demerits, and that principallie for the quéenes cause,
whome he would honor as mother to his souereigne lord. This answer being reported vnto the king of
England, contented him nothing at all, and there|fore prepared to make warre.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The tenth
of Aprill, there came seuen great ships into the Forth, vnto Inchkeith, to haue spoiled the 1522. ships, and inuade the coast there: but they were so stoutlie resisted and
kept off, that they were not suf|fered to doo anie great exploit, and
so they returned without preie or prise. In this season, Andrew For|man bishop of saint Andrewes
deceassed, and bishop The death of the archbishop of saint An|drewes. Iames Be|ton
succéeded him. Iames Beton archbishop of Glascow, chancellor of Scotland, was remooued to saint
Andrewes, & made abbat also of Dunfirmling, and the archbishoprike of Glascow was giuen a yoong
man one Gawin Dun|bar, that was the kings schoole maister. In the mo|neth of Maie, there was great adoo
in Edenburgh, A stur in E|denburgh. by the falling out of the seruants of the
earles of Murrey and Erroll, with the seruants of the earle of
Huntleie, by reason whereof, the whole towne fell to partakings; but the duke comming suddenlie from the
abbeie of Holie rood house, staied the matter, and committed she said earles vnto ward within the
ca|stell.
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1
2 The
emperor came into England, and persuaded the king there to mooue warres against the French The emperor commeth into England. Scots and Frenchmen banished foorth of England. The
earle of Shrewesbu|rie inuadeth Scotland. king, and so not onelie the Frenchmen but also the
Scots were commanded to auoid out of England, their goods confiscated,
and they conueied foorth of the land, with a white crosse sowed vpon their vpper|most garment. In Iulie,
the earle of Shrewesburie was sent by the king of England vnto the borders, with commission, to raise the
power of the north parts to inuade Scotland, who vpon the sudden en|tered and came to Kelfo, where he
burnt one part of the towne; but the borderers of the Mers and Teui|dale, not being halfe so manie in
number as the o|ther, set vpon them, slue, and tooke manie prisoners,
and so constreined them to returne into England with small honor.
Fr. Thin. Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 4 [...]. The gouernor after this (when he saw the Eng|lish ouerrun all the borders of Scotland)
called a parlement at Edenburgh, the 9 kalends of August, to cure the same wound. Beside this, the French
fea|ring them selues (because of a prepared and well fur|nished nanie of the English which did euerie
waie couer and kéepe the sea) sent manie (and those wise and of excellent knowledge) vnto the gouernor,
to re|quest him that he would either by counsell persuade, or by
authoritie inforce his Scots to take armor a|gainst the English. After which (the matter being with great
consultation and manie reasons tossed in argument to and fro) it was decréed by common consent of the
parlement, that a chosen number of souldiers should be prepared, to defend the borders from the inuasion
of the enimie, & (the more strong|lie to repell the English force) it was concluded, that the
children of such as were slaine in that expedi|tion, should be freed from all charges or troubles that
might light on them during their minoritie: and further, that the wiues of all such which had anie lands
(during their liues & fell in that conflict) should after the death of their husbands kéepe the
same for the terme of fiue yeeres.)
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The duke
of Albanie, hearing of the great prepa|ration that the earle of Shrewesburie made, to raise an armie of
foure score thousand men to inuade Scotland, he likewise (as it was before decréed) sent The duke of Albanie rai|seth an armie to inuade England. vnto all the earles,
lords, and nobles of the realme, willing them to raise all such power as they could make in defense of
their countrie; which they did. And so being assembled, the duke with a mightie armie of Scotishmen and
certeine Frenchmen, with great artillerie, marched forward, till he came to the water of Eske ouer
against Carleill: and perceiuing that the English armie came not then forward, he did what he could to
persuade the noble men to enter in|to England: but as they were in councell togither about that earnest
motion made to them by the duke, a certeine graue personage said to them in this ma|ner.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
My lards, hither we be come by the commaunde|ment The woords of a councellor
of my lard gouernor duke of Albanie, and albe|it we be readie to defend our awne natiue realme,
contrarie the inuasioun of our auld enimies of Eng|laund, yet neuerthelesse it séemeth not guid, nor
for the wéele of our realme of Scotlaund, to passe with|in Englaund with our armie to inuade the same
at this time. And the earnest persuasiouns quhilk the go|uernor makes to vs to doo the same, procéedes
ala|nerlie for the pleasure of France. It appéereth to be sufficient inough for vs so lang as the king
our soue|reigne lard is within age to defend our awn realme, and not to inuade: otherwise, we may put
the haile countrie and nobilitie thereof in hazard of tintsall: for king Iames the fourth brought the
realme of Scotlaund to the best that it euer was, and by the war it was brought to the woorst almost
that might be: for by that warre, was he and his nobilitie tinte, quhilk Scotlaund sare laments.
Wherefore by mine aduise, let vs go to the gouernor, and know of him the cause why he wauld persuade
vs to inuade Eng|laund.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
Then they all came to the gouernors tent, and the The earle of Arrane decla|reth to
the go|uernor the mind of the lords. earle of Arrane, an auncient wise man spake for them
all, and said: My lard gouernor, by your will and commaundement, héere is assembled the maist of the
nobilitie of Scotlaund with their power, vp|on a pretense to enter within Englaund. My lards héere
wauld know the cause and quarrell why this warre is begun, gif it might please your goodnesse, it
should well satisfie their minds. The duke studied a little space, and said: This questioun wauld haif
bin The dukes answer to the earle of Ar|rane. demaunded yer now; for well
you know, that I for verie lufe I beare to the realme of Scotlaund (of the quhilk I haue my name,
honor, and lignage) haife passed the seas from the noble realme of France, in|to this realme of
Scotlaund. And great cause there was for me so to doo, to bring you to a vnitie, when ye ware in
diuisioun, by reasoun whereof, your realme was like to haue bin conquered and destroi|ed. And also the
king of Fraunce, by my suites and intercessioun, will ioine with you in aid against the English
natioun: and when this warre was deter|minate in the parlement, you made me capteine, au|thorizing me
to inuade Englaund with banner dis|plaied. Then was no demaund made of the cause or quarrell, and that
I haif doone, is by your assent and agreement, and that I will iustifie. But to answer your demaund,
me thinke you haif iust cause to in|uade Englaund with fire, swoord, and bloud, gif ye be not
forgetfull, and without you will beare dishonor and reproch for euer. For ye know that this realme of
Scotlaund is our inheritaunce, as a portioun of the world allotted to our natioun and auncessors whome
we succéed. Then where may there be better warre, EEBO page image 309 than to mainteine this our
naturall inheritance? Is it not dailie séene, the great inuasiouns that the Englishmen on vs make, the
great manslaughters and murders, with thefts and spoiles that they doo dailie? Is not this one cause
of warre? To defend the countrie is the office of a king, the honor of noble men, and the verie
seruice of chiualrie, and the dutie naturall of the communaltie: for I thinke it a iust quarrell, gif
we might conquer the realme of Eng|laund, and annex it to our owne realme, for the great iniuries and wrongs doone by that natioun to vs and our predecessors. For
séene the begining of our habi|tatioun in this Ile of Britaine, the Englishmen and we haue euer bin
enimies, and vs haif they euer ha|ted, and yet haue we euer withstand them. Suppose, we at the last
battell of Floddoun field by chaunce lost our souereigne lard, & diuerse noble men, quhilk was
rather by treasoun of the lard chamberlaine, than otherwise, who would not relieue the kings ar|mie
when he might. And yet I thinke we wan the field, quhilk murder all
we noble men ought to re|uenge. Therefore I wauld that you suld couragi|ouslie aduance your selues in
this quarrell to get ho|nor, and to be reuenged.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Then one
wise man that was president of the councell, answered the gouernor, saieng:
My lard, 1522. The replie of a wise coun|cellor. fortune of weir is led by him that all
leides, and he striks the strake, we can warke na meracles, & heare are the lards of Englaund
readie to incounter vs. And gif we inuade their realme, suerlie they will fight, for their power sall increase dailie, and ours will diminish. And gif God
graunt vs the victorie (as I trust he sall) yet haue we not woon the field, for readie comming is the
earle of Shrewesburie sa mikell dread in Fraunce (as ye knaw well) with an great puissant armie, and
there is na doubt, but the king of Englaund will send or bring another armie gif we suld chance to get
the first battell. And gif we get the secound field, that will not be without great losse of manie
nobles, by reasoun whereof, the realme shall be weaker. And gif we
be ouercommen how manie suld be slaine, God knawes. They that flée are woorthie to be reputed as
traitors to the king, and so by wilfulnesse and fule hardinesse, the realme may be in ieopardie to be
vndoone. I say, while the king is within age, we aught to mooue na weir, least by weir we may bring
him to destructioun.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Then said
the valiant gouernor:
Héere is an pu|issaunt The gouer|nors woords to the
presi|dents replie. armie of Scotlaund, gif we returne, we sall incourage our enimies.
Therefore séene you thinke it not gude to inuade, my councell is
that we campe still on the bordures, while we sée what the English|men pretends to doo against our
relme.
To the which the nobles consented, and laie still there in campe certeine daies after.
After this conference had be|twixt the nobles and the gouernor, the quéene as then being not with them,
but aduertised of all the procée|dings and determinations, sent woord to the gouer|nor, and desired him
that there might be a treatie of peace had, and she promised to get the warden of the
Means made for peace. English marches to come to the gouernors campe, vpon
pledges, whervnto the gouernor condescended. Héerevpon, the lord Dacres, warden of the west
The lord Da|cres. marches of England [with Thomas Musgraue] came vnto the
gouernors campe, and thither also at that time was the quéene hir selfe come, and so vp|on the eleuenth
of September, an abstinence of war was taken and couenanted, that in the meane time the duke and quéene
should send ambassadors into England, to treat and conclude a resolute peace.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In the
moneth of October next insuing, there were thrée ambassadors sent into England, accor|ding to the
agreement in the last treatie, but there were so hard and extreame conditions proponed on the king of
Englands behalfe, that the same could not be accepted, as being contrarie to the honor and weale of the
realme of Scotl [...]nd, as the Scotishmen tooke the matter. And so those ambassadors returned without agréement or
conclusion of peace: wherevp|on followed great trouble betwixt them of the bor|ders of both realmes. The
earle of Northumberland The earle of Northumber|land made lord Warden. was made
warden of the whole marches, but shortlie after, he began to make sute to be discharged of that office,
& ceassed not till he obteined it: and then was The earle of Surreie. The lord
marques Dorset. The lord Da|cres. the earle of Surreie made generall warden, and the lord
marquesse Dorset warden of the east & middle marches; the lord Dacres continuing still in his
of|fice of wardenship ouer the west marches.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 About the
sixt day of March, the said lords came to the borders, about which time, the duke of Albanie considering
that the warres betwixt Scotland and England were irksome to the nobles of the realme, because the same
wars were taken in hand chief [...]ie to serue the French kings turne, therefore he passed The duke of Albanie
goeth ouer into France. His request. by the west seas into France. And in the beginning of
March, where he was verie hartilie and gladlie re|ceiued of the king, his request was onelie to haue fiue
thousand horssemen, and ten thousand footmen of Almains, to be transported into Scotland: and doubted
not, if he might haue this granted, but that His vaine brag. with that power,
and the assistance of the Scots, he should be able to ouerthrow the king of England in battell, or else
to driue him out of his realme. But the French king neither beleeued this vaine brag, nor yet might spare
anie such power, hauing warre at that time both against England, and the emperor: neuerthelesse, he
promised him some aid, wherevpon the duke abode and waited for the same a long sea|son. In the meane
while, the lords of Scotland cau|sed 1523. certeine noble men to lie vpon the
borders mo|nethlie, in defense of the same against the English|men, dailie looking for support from
France. Euerie The borders watched. companie remained their moneths, and then
depar|ted home as the custome is, and thus they continued still till September following. Much hurt was
doone on either part, and diuerse houses were ouerthrowne and destroied both in England and Scotland.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 During
which time, the king of France prepared certeine ships, with men, and munition, to passe with the duke of
Albanie into Scotland. But the king of England, to catch him by the way, had laid a great nauie of ships
in the pase on the seas, as he should make his course. But the duke embarquing himselfe with his people
at Brest in Britaine, sai|led The duke of Albanie re|turneth into Scotland. by
the west parts of Scotland: and the one and twentith day of September landed at Kirkowbre in the west
part of Scotland; he brought with him (beside a good number of Frenchmen) Richard de la Poole, a man of
great parentage, borne in Eng|land, and banished his countrie. Whilest the duke was on the sea making
saile toward Scotland, the earle of Surreie, with an armie of twentie thou|sand men, entered into
Scotland, and comming to Edenburgh, burned the towne and the abbeie. [But Fr.
Thin.
Lesleus, lib. 9. pag. 407. saith it was Iedwoorth The earle of Surreie in
uadeth Scot|land. which the earle burnt.] It was thought they ment to haue passed further, but
the Scotishmen assembling themselues against their inuasions, they were con|streined to returne with
losse (as some Scotishmen haue written.)
Fr. Thin. In this place, Buchanan (before he commeth to the
parlement assembled by the duke of Albanie af|ter his returne out of France) writeth in this sort. Buchanan. lib. 14. We haue shewed (saieth he) how miserable the state of Scotland
was the last summer (through the dis|sention which was amongest the nobilitie) by the English (with all
kind of slaughter) spoiling the places bordering néere vnto them, and besetting EEBO page image 310 the sea
on euerie side, whereby we might be out of hope of all forren aid. For the deuise of the enimie tended to
compell the fierce minds of the Scots (a|bated with such euils) to conclude a league with him; wherewith
the Scots were not behind (by reason of the French faction) that by the means of the quéene there might
be a perpetuall truce taken betwéene them. For when the lord Hume was (by death) taken away, the
Dowglasse banished, and all the rest of the nobilitie rather méet for compani|ons than leaders in battels; such as had withdrawen their mind from the French, applied
themselues to the quéenes faction.
Wherevpon
she (to gratifie hir brother, and to wrest all the gouernement into hir owne hands) did (dissembling hir
gréedie desire to rule) persuade them, to deliuer their sonne (almost now past childish yeares) out of
the hands of strangers, and them selues from the yoke of other mens bondage. For the queene did well
foresée, that preparation and suc|cor was made, and did come against
hir husband, whome before she had begun to hate extreamelie. The king of England also did commend and
prefer to the Scots the counsell of his sister, by manie let|ters sent, and with faire promises offered;
because he had none other mind, but that a perpetuall friend|ship might alwaies remaine betwéene the
adioined kingdoms; the which, as he had at other times de|sired; so now he mostlie wished it, not for
anie com|moditie to himselfe, but to the end that all men might well
perceiue that he would imbrace, defend, and asmuch as rested within his abilitie, séeke the commoditie of
his sisters sonne by all the means he might. And if the Scots would persuade themselues to breake the
league with the French, and ioine in amitie with the English; they should shortlie well vnderstand, that
the king of England did not seeke after souereingtie, glorie, power, or honor; but onelie studied for a
concord amongst themselues, & a league betwéene their nations. For which cause, he would
bestow his onelie daughter Marie vpon Iames the king of Scotland; by
which mariage, the Scots should not be subiect to the gouernement of Eng|land; but contrarie, the English
vnder the rule of the Scots. For by that means, besides the quenching of great hatred betweene the
nations (and intercourse of merchandize, exchange of mutuall courtesies and ioinings in affinitie) there
should be an indissoluble knot made for the honor of the whole Iland.
And with
this, they (for England) remembred the profit and disaduantage that
might rise to the one from other, by the friendship or hatred of either kingdome, and the benefit that
they might looke for from their English neighbours, more than by anie possibilitie they might obteine
from their French confederats. For on the one side, the Eng|lish and they were borne in one continent,
brought vp vnder the same influence of the heauen, and so like in all things, in toong, in maners, in
lawes, in decrées, in countenance, in color, and in lineaments of
bodie, as that they rather séeme one than two na|tions. On the other side, the French are not onelie
different from them, by naturall soile and clemen|cie of the heauens; but more seuered from them in order
and forme of liuing, being further such a peo|ple, as if they were enimies vnto them, they could not
greatlie hurt them; and if they be their friends they can not greatlie helpe them. But the English are at
hand with men, munition, and monie; when the French, being so far off, are onelie with allure|ments,
inforcements, and for their owne commo|ditie drawen to take their part. Besides which, there can be no
succor from France but by sea, which the enimie may easilie stop; and so the Scots not able to be
succored by them. But from the English they may haue aid by land with speed, and no man can hinder them
thereof. Wherefore they should consider how discommodious (for the dispatch of their affairs) and how
vnapt (for the defense of themselues) it should be, to hang all the hope of their succor vpon the fauor
of the wind, and to place the most suertie of their estate in the vnconstant friendship of the
vn|certeine elements. For (if neuer before) yet at this time the Scots might not onlie perceiue in
thought but feele in déed what helpe is to be hoped (in present dangers) from absent friends, when that
the Eng|lish can not onelie helpe you now, but at this instant doo also kéepe away your promised and long
expected aid, which they haue so besieged vpon the sea, that you can receiue no benefit or helpe from
them.
After that
these things were thus laid abroad for the knitting of the English league, as there were not a few which
gaue consent to that motion, so were there manie that stiflie argued to the contrarie. For in that
assemblie, there were manie pensioners of the French faction, who (increasing their priuat com|moditie by
the publike detriment) did vtterlie ab|hor from all peace; besides whome, there were also some, which
suspected the facilitie of promise in the English: especiallie, since the whole estate of Eng|land did
then chiefelie hang vpon the backe of Tho|mas Woolseie the cardinall, an euill and ambitious person, and
who referred all counsels and consulta|tions to the amplifieng of his owne priuat authori|tie and
dignitie; and for that cause, applied that and all other things to euerie blast of fortune. All our men
although they were mooued by diuerse reasons (as the varietie of diuerse wits bred diuerse minds) did yet
with like endeuor tend vnto one end, which was alwaies to defend the French league; for they denied, that
the same sudden liberalitie of the eni|mie, could anie way sort to their benefit; since this was not the
first time that the English had vsed that policie to intrap vnwarie men: as did Edward the first, who
(swearing and binding himselfe with all bonds of law, when he was chosen an arbitrator to cease the
strife of the kingdome of Scotland) did with great iniurie make a king of Scots at his pleasure: and of
late also, Edward the fourth king of England (when he had promised his daughter Ce|cilie to the sonne of
Iames the third) did (the maid being readie for the mariage) dissolue the same, by taking occasion of
warre through our ciuill dissen|tions. According to which, the English doo now al|so seeke none other
matter, than (casting a vaine hope before vs to gouerne them, to bring vs into right seruitude; and (when
we are destitute of all forren helpe) to oppresse vs with all the power of their king|dome.
Neither is
that true also (wherein the chiefest strength of their spéech consisteth) that the aid of our neighbors
néere at hand, is better or surer to vs than further friendship. For how may we looke for anie good from
those our neighbors, since commonlie a|mongest neighbors there neuer want occasions of dissention; which
oftentimes chance bringeth foorth, and the stronger (hauing small or no occasion) will manie times seeke
to offer: at what time, he which is greatest in armes, must & will appoint lawes of agréement as
seemes best to his liking. Beside, there was neuer yet so sacred or firme a bond of amitie betwéene
adioining kingdoms, which was not often|times Where the English haue killed one, the
Scots haue murthered ten as the course of their histo|ries will well prooue. broken, either by
offered or sought occasions of displeasure & breach: neither is it to be hoped, that the English
will absteine from offering violence vnto vs; that haue not spared the bloud of so manie of their owne
kings. For the sanctitie of leagues, & the religion of an oth, and the faith of compacts EEBO page image 311 and couenants, are in truth firme bonds of amitie amongest the good: but amongest the
wicked, they are nets to intrap others, if occasion of commoditie be offered for breach of them. All
which benefits and iniuries, doo dwell in people, whome neerenesse of bounds, conuersation of language,
and not vnlike maner of life hath ioined togither.
And if all
these things should be far otherwise, yet there be two things which we ought speciallie to foresée and
prouide for; whereof, the one is, that we spend not our time in vaine
by chiding and disagrée|ment, as persons drawen into diuerse factions; the other, that we reiect not our
old friends (for this new aliance) before we haue heard what they can say; especiallie in such a cause
(as this) which may not be determined, but by the consent of the parle|ment. Upon which, the French
followers did ear|nestlie stand, that there should not anie thing be doone therein; and therefore sent
certeine of the French aid as ambassadors about the cause. This thus
ended, and the comming of the gouernour spread abroad, the same made manie glad, confir|med the doubtfull
thereof, and withdrew others (that were inclined to the English part) from the same opinion they were
of.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The duke
immediatlie after his arriuall came to Edenburgh, where he caused all the lords of the realme to assemble
in that towne, where he declared the great loue and affection that the king of France bare to the realme
of Scotland, insomuch as hea|ring of the slaughters, murthers and
burnings, prac|tised by the Englishmen, he thought that he felt the same doone vnto him, reputing
himselfe one of their members. And for reuenging thereof, he would bée partner with them as their member:
for more cre|dit whereof, he shewed the kings letter, confirming his declaration. He therefore exhorted
them to as|semble an armie, in reuenge of iniuries & wrongs doone to them and their countrie; for
he had brought with him monie, men, and artillerie to the furthe|rance
thereof. Herevpon it was concluded, that the armie should assemble at Dowglas dale the eigh|téenth of
October: the which conclusion they kept, and from thence they marched to Caldstreame vpon Tweed, and sent
ouer the water certeine of their great artillerie, with a companie of Frenchmen and Scots, by the guiding
of Dauid Car; and being Dauid Car. Warke castell besieged. got ouer, they lay
siege to the castell of Warke, which was kept by sir William Li [...]e capteine thereof, ha|uing with him a strong garrison of English souldi|ors, and great prouision of artillerie, and all things necessarie: yet at the first
assault, the vtter barne|kin was woone, and the said companie of Scotish|men and Frenchmen lay within the
same, indama|ging the castell in all they might.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The earle
of Surrie and diuerse others of the English nobilitie, with an armie of fortie thousand The earle of Surrie with an armie of fortie thou|sand men. The marques Dorset appoin ted
to kéepe Berwike. men, were at Anwike, not far distant from Warke, and the marquesse Dorset was
sent with a great companie to keepe the towne of Berwike, for doubt
least the same should haue béene besieged. Also in the meane time, a new assault was made to the inner
barnekin of Warke, and the same woone likewise as the other had béene before. After this was the ca|stell
assailed, and part of it beaten downe with the artillerie lieng on the Scotish side of the water of
Twéed. At which breach the assault was giuen, and Warke as|saulted. the same
continued, till that through darknesse and lacke of light, the assailants were driuen to retire. Great
slaughter was made at that assault on both The Scots and French retire backe ouer the
water. sides, but especiallie of them within the house. The assailants ment to haue giuen a
fresh assault the next day, being the fourth of Nouember: but a sore and [...]hement storme and tempest of [...] chanced that night, so that they were constreined to leaue off that enterprise, and to get
themselues ouer the ri|uer againe vnto the armie, least by the rising of the water of Twéed, they might
haue béene cut off by their enimies, before they could haue beene suc|coured.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 In the
meane time, whilest this siege continued, a number of Scotishmen made a road into the Glendale burned by the Scots. countrie of Glendale within the English marches, and burnt and
spoiled diuerse townes, cast downe sundrie piles, and returned without anie resistance: for the earle of
Surrie would suffer none of his people so depart from the armie, nor breake order, for feare of more
inconuenience. The duke of Al|banie An herald sent. lieng on the Scotish side
of Twéed, sent an herald vnto the earle of Surrie, willing him to call to remembrance, how in his absence
he had inuaded Scotland with fire and sword: for the which cruell dealing, he required him vpon his honor
to come forward, and he would méet him in the confines of both the realmes, and giue him battell. To the
which message the earle answered, that he had no commis|sion to inuade Scotland at that time, but it
onlie to defend. And (as some haue reported) he caused a secret messenger to passe to the quéene, as then
lieng a good way distant from the armie, to mooue for some abstinence and truce, and further to persuade
the duke to retire home; which he did, so that by hir labor, a truce was taken for that instant, and
afterward A truce. confirmed for a longer time: and thus the duke re|turned
with honor (as the Scotishmen report.) This Sée more of this matter in England.
1524. truce was well kept all the next winter following, and no inuasion made, till the moneth
of Maie: and then was the erle of Surrie sent againe to the Eng|lish borders, and the lords of Scotland
on the other part monethlie laie on their borders by quarters, for defense of their countrie, as the vse
is.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 On
Trinitie sundaie, being the one and twen|tith Scots enter into England of Maie,
fiue hundred Scots entered England, to surprise the English merchants, and others, go|ing that day vnto
Berwike, where yéerelie on that day the faire is kept; and so by reason therof they met with diuerse of
them that went to this faire, and tooke to the number of two hundred prisoners, whom they led with them
into Scotland. But Hall saith, that by the comming of the yoong lord of Fulberie to the succors
of the Englishmen, the Scots were chased, and lost two hundred of their numbers. On the fift of Iulie,
sir William Fenwike, Leonard Musgraue, & Bastard Heron, with diuers other, to the number of nine
hundred Englishmen, entred into the Mers, Englishmen inuade Scot|land. and
began to spoile and rob the countrie: but they were shortlie compassed about with Scotishmen, &
so hardlie assailed, that although they fought vali|antlie a good while, yet by fine force they were
com|pelled to giue ground, and séeke to saue themselues by flight, in which two hundred of them were
taken Englishmen discomfited. Bastard He|ron sla [...]e. prisoners, and Bastard Heron with diuerse other slaine. Amongest the prisoners, were
sir [...] Fen|wike, Leonard Musgraue, and diuers other gentle|men of good calling.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 On the
seuententh of Iulie, the lord Marwell, 1524. Foure [...]ou|sand saith Hal.
and sir Alexander Iordein, with diuerse other Sco|tishmen in great numbers, e [...]red England at the west marches by Caerleill, with displaied banners, The lord
Maxwell in|uadeth Eng|land. and began to harrie the countrie, and burne diuers places. The
Englishmen assembled on euerie side, so that they were farre more in number than the Sco|tishmen, and
there vpon set fiercelie vpon their eni|mies, insomuch that for the space of an houre, there was a sore
fight continued betwixt them But the lord Maxwell like a right politike capteine (as of all that knew
him he was no lesse reputed) ceassed not to incourage his people: & after that, by the taking EEBO page image 312 of Alexander Iordein & diuers others, they had bin put backe, he brought them in
araie againe, and be|ginning a new skirmish, recouered in maner all the prisoners, tooke and slue diuerse
Englishmen, so that he returned with victorie, and led aboue thrée hun|dred prisoners with him home into
Scotland.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 After this
iourneie, there was an assemblie of An assemblie of the lords. the lords in
Edenburgh, with the duke of Albanie, where some of the lords were of mind that the warre should continue:
other thought it not reason, that for the pleasure onelie of France,
the realme should su|steine such damage, as it had doone by those three last yéeres wars now passed, and
therefore they persua|ded peace. Moreouer, there was also much debating of the matter, touching the age
and gouernement of the king; some of the lords holding that he was now of age to take the rule vpon
himselfe, and that the gardianship or tutorie of a king expired sooner than of another priuate person.
The duke of Albanie per|ceiuing how the lords were diuided amongest them|selues, and neither content with his gouernement, nor willing to mainteine the warres which he
had so earnestlie persuaded for the pleasure of France, hée declared to them that he wold returne into
France, and so taking his leaue of the nobilitie, went to Striueling where the king was, of whome he
tooke leaue, also giuing vnto him such louing and faithfull counsell, as to his knowledge séemed
expedient, and so went into the west countrie, where he tooke the The duke of Albanie
re|turneth into France. Fr. Thin.
seas in September, and sailed foorth into France, [neuer to
returne into Scotland.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3
4 The king
of England [before the rumor of the departure of the duke of Albanie] hauing in the mo|neth of Iune sent
ouer into France, vnto Archem|bald earle of Angus, that remained there vpon the commandement of the duke
of Albanie, persuaded him to come from thence secretlie into England, which accordinglie he did; and
being safelie arriued in England, king Henrie procured him to passe in|to Scotland, that with the
assistance of such lords as
The earle of Angus com|meth into England. would be readie to take his part, he
might raise war against the duke of Albanie, which sought by all meanes (as the king of England was
informed) to destroie him & his: but yer the earle could come into Scotland, the duke was
departed toward France. On the six and twentith of Iulie, the king by the ad|uise of his mother, and
certeine yoong lords, came from Striueling vnto Edenburgh; and thrée daies after, the quéene tooke the
whole gouernment of the king vpon hir, and entered into the castell of Eden|burgh
The quéene taketh the go|uernment in|to hir hands. with the king, where they
soiourned the most part of the next winter. The prouost of Edenburgh was discharged, whom the towne had
chosen, and the lord Marwell was appointed by the queene, prouost in his place. For the performance
wherof, there was a parlement also summoned to be holden at Eden|burgh the third day of Februarie next
insuing [and A parlement summoned. Fr. Thin.
the bishop of saint Andrews and Aberden (as saith Buchanan li. 14.) were cast into
prison, who after ga|thering armes (and curssing all others) within the
space of a moneth following were reconciled to the king.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The king
of England glad to heare that the duke of Albanie was departed into France, sent into Scotland in
ambassage one maister Iohn Magnus, and Roger Ratcliffe esquier, to declare vnto the quéene and lords,
that he would be content that a truce might be accorded betwixt the two realmes of England and Scotland,
now that the duke of Alba|nie was returned into France, who had beene the onlie procurer of the warres.
Herevpon they agréed to take truce to indure for one yéere, and in the meane time they appointed to send
ambassadors in|to A truce taken for one yeare. England to treat vpon a
continuall peace, ali|ance, and amitie to be had betwixt both the realmes. In this meane while, the earle
of Angus came into Scotland: and bicause of the displeasure which the quéene bare him, there insued
occasions of great di|uisions within the realme. Notwithstanding the quéene by aduise of certeine lords,
sent the lord Gil|bert earle of Cassels, Robert Cockeborne bishop of Ambassadors into
England Dunkeld, and doctor Mille abbat of Cambusken|neth, ambassadors into England, in the
moneth of December; the which were receiued at Gréenewich by the king of England the foure and twentith
of the same moneth: where the bishop of Dunkeld made an eloquent oration in Latine, declaring the cause
of their comming, the which in effect was for intreatment of peace, loue, and amitie betwixt the two
realmes: and for the more sure establishment thereof, they required that a mariage might be con|cluded
betwixt their king & the ladie Marie, daugh|ter to the king of England.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 This
request was well heard by the king, who therevpon appointed commissioners to common thereof with the said
ambassadors. Diuerse articles were proponed by the said commissioners on the king of England his behalfe,
and in especiall one; which was, that the king of Scotland should re|nounce the league with the king of
France; and that further he should come into England, and re|maine there till he came to perfect age to
be maried. Bicause the ambassadors had not commission to conclude so farre, the earle of Cassels returned
into Scotland, to vnderstand the minds of the lords and councell in these points, the other remaining at
Lon|don till his returne to them againe. Fr. Thin. 1525. Lesleus lib. 9. pag.
414. Upon All saints day there was a great motion of wind, with such stormes and tempests of
thunder and lightning which suddenlie arose, that the same (ouerthrowing manie priuat houses in
Edenburgh, and the pinacle of the tower of Dauid in the same castell) entered into the quéenes lodging
with a great flame, which burnt so vehementlie, and went so farre, that it had almost consumed the same;
which storme (ouerthrow|ing the buildings about the chamber of the bishop of Whitchurch) the bishops
lodging did yet remaine Candida Casa. safe not touched with the violence of the
flame.)
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 When the
day of the parlement appointed to be holden in the Tolbuith of Edenburgh was come, the king, queene, and
lords, fearing some tumult in the towne to be raised by the earle of Angus, would not passe foorth of the
castell, but kept the parlement within the same. Archembald Dowglasse earle of Angus, and Iohn Steward
earle of Lennox, with diuerse others, to the number of two thousand men, came in the night season vnto
Edenburgh, bicause they durst not enter the towne in the day time, for feare of the gunnes that laie in
the castell. The next day, being the fourtéenth day of Februarie, the said earles with the archbishop of
saint Andrews, the bi|shop of Aberden, that by the quéenes appointment had béene kept before in ward, the
bishop of Dub|lane, Calene Campbell, the earle of Argile, and di|uerse other lords and barons being in
the towne, sent to the castell, alledging that the king was kept as prisoner by the queene, and iustice
suppressed, with great damage of the common wealth; and therefore The earle of Angus
his request. he desired, that the king might be deliuered vnto them, to be gouerned by the
aduise of the thrée states, and if they refused to deliuer him, they would be|siege the castell, and if
they wan it, all their liues within should rest at their pleasures, the kings one|lie excepted.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The
quéene, by the counsell of the earles of Ar|rane and Murrey, refused not onelie to deliuer the king, but
sent them word, that except they did de|part the towne, they would suerlie discharge all the EEBO page image 313 artillerie of the castell against them. Héerevpon, great feare rose in the towne,
speciallie among the burgesses, but by the diligence of certeine persons that trauelled betwéene the
parties, an assurance was taken on either side for certeine daies. In the meane time, the earle of Angus
caused the castell to be forset, that neither meat nor other thing might He fore [...]etteth the castell of Edenburgh. be suffered to be conueied into it, except so much as
might serue for the sustentation of the kings owne person. At length, all the parties were agréed, so
that the foure and twentith day of Februarie, the king The parties are agréed. came vnto the parlement holden in the Tolbuith in most
honorable wise, with the assistance of all the e|states, hauing the crowne, scepter, and swoord borne
before him, and from thence he was brought to the abbeie, where he remained.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In this
parlement, there were eight lords chosen to be of the kings priuie councell, the which tooke the Councellors appointed. gouernement of the king and realme vpon them, as these: the
archbishops of saint Andrews and Glas|cow, the bishops of of Aberden
and Dublane: the earles of Angus, Argile, Arrane, and Lennox: the quéene was adioined to them as
principall, without whose aduise nothing should be doone. From this par|lement also was the earle of
Cassels sent, with an|swer to the king of England; who came to London the nintéenth of March. But bicause
the king had knowledge that the French king was taken at the battell of Pauie, he would not procéed in
the trea|tie of mariage betwixt the king of Scotland and his daughter,
till he had the emperors aduise, whome he affirmed to be his confederat friend: and so renew|ing Truce re|newed. the truce for three yéers and six moneths, the am|bassadors
returned into Scotland about the begin|ning of Aprill next insuing, without anie contract of mariage at
that time. The agréement betwixt the queene and lords continued not long, for anon after died the bishop
of Dublane or Dunkeld (as saith Lesleus) whose benefice the earle of Angus obteined Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 417. of the king for his brother William Dowglas, with|out
the aduise of the queene and other lords. Where|vpon the quéene
departed and went vnto Striue|ling, leauing the king with the eale of Angus, who tooke the whole rule and
gouernment of the realme and king vpon him, and made his vncle Archembald Dowglas treasuror of the
realme, and bestowed be|nefices, offices, and all other things, by the aduise of his brother George
Dowglas, and the earle of Len|nox, who assisted him.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In this
meane time, the archbishop of saint An|drewes, and the earles of
Arrane, Argile, and Mur|rey, remaining with the quéene at Striueling, alled|ged that the king was
withholden from them by the earle of Angus sore against his will: and therefore they sent vnto the earle,
requiring him to deliuer him. But the earle caused the king to giue the an|swer himselfe, that he would
not come from the erle The king not in his owne power. of Angus, albeit he
would gladlie haue beene out of his hands if he might; as by secret messages sent to sundrie of the
lords, and likewise at that time it appee|red, for he willed them by
priuie meanes to assemble an armie, and to come & fetch him out of their hands that thus deteined
him. Herevpon shortlie after, they raised a power, and comming therewith to Lin|lithgew, The quéene mother in armes. purposing to passe into Edenburgh, that they might get
the king out of the earle of Angus his hands: the said earle, with the earle of Lennox and other his
assistants being thereof aduertised, came to the field with the kings banner displaied, and brought the
king with him, although partlie a|gainst his will.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3
4 The queene
and such lords as were with hir there in the armie, for the reuerence they bare vnto the kings person,
and also fearing the danger that might chance to them if they buckled togither in a fough|ten field, they
withdrew themselues to Striueling, and from thence the quéene went into Murrey land with the earle of
Murrey, and there remained a long time after. The earles of Arrane and Argile went into the west
countrie, and the bishop of saint An|drews to Dunfermling: and then the earle of An|gus tooke vpon him
more boldlie the gouernment of the king and realme, and sent to the bishop of saint The great seale deliuered Andrews (who was chancellor) for the great seale, which was
deliuered to them that were so sent for it. The nobles of the realme remaining thus at vari|ance, and
diuided among themselues, there was small obedience of lawes & iustice. Diuerse slaugh|ters in
sundrie parts were committed, great thefts & robberies made by the borderers vpon the inland
A diuorse be|twéene the quéene and the earle of Angus. countries. Moreouer,
a diuorse this yéere (as some haue said) was sued before the archbishop of S. An|drews, betwixt the
quéene, and the earle of Angus hir husband, and then afterwards she tooke to hus|band one Henrie Steward,
sonne to the lord of A|uendale, the which Henrie was after created by the king lord of Methwen.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 On the
foure and twentith of Iulie, the king be|ing 1526. accompanied with the earle
of Angus, the lord Hume, the Karres & others, rode vnto Iedburgh, in purpose to haue reformed the
misgouernance of the borderers; but after that they had remained there three daies with little obedience
shewed towards them, they all returned. And vpon the 29 day of Iulie, at the bridge of Melrosse, the lard
of Bo|clouth, The lard of Boclough his enterprise, to take the king from the earle of
Angus. accompanied with a thousand horssemen, be|gan to shew himselfe in sight, whose
principall pur|pose was to haue taken the king from the earle of Angus and his assistants, being
requested and com|manded by the king himselfe so to doo. The earle of Angus incontinentlie sent an herald
vnto the lard of Boclough, to know what his intention was to doo; who answered, that he came to doo the
king honor and seruice, and to shew his friends and power as the vse is of the borderers.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The earle
of Angus, with the lord Hume, and the rest, not being content with this answer, because of the great feud
betwixt him and the Humes, and the Kars, sent vnto him a commandement in the kings name to depart, and
not to approch néere to the kings presence, vnder paine of high treason. Whervnto he answered, that he
knew the kings mind well inough & would not spare for this commandement to come to his graces
presence. Which answer receiued from him, incontinentlie the earle of Angus, the lords Fleming and Hume,
the Kars, the lard of Sesse|ford, with their friends, alighted on foot; the king re|maining on horsbacke,
accompanied with the earle of Lennox, the lord Maxwell, George Dowglasse, and Ninian Creichton, tutor of
Sainquhar.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The lard
of Boclough lighted also on foot, but be|cause the most part of his men were of the theeues and outlawes
of the borders, commonlie called bro|ken men, vpon their first comming to ioining with their speares,
they fled, leauing the lard of Boclough with a small number of his owne seruants about him in all the
danger: yet they defended themselues verie manfullie, and [...]ue the lard of Sesseford and di|uerse The lard of Sesseford slaine. The lard of
Boclough put to flight. other, on the earle of Angus his side: but final|lie, oppressed with
multitude, they were put to flight, and foure score of Bocloughes men slaine in the chase. After this,
the king returned to Iedburgh, and remained there the space of foure daies, and then re|turned to
Edenburgh.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3
4
5 All this
while, the king was gouerned and holden against his will, by the earle of Angus and his assis|ters,
although he did not outwardlie shew so in coun|tenance, but dissembled the matter as well as he EEBO page image 314 might, yet perceiuing two enterprises to haue quai|led that had béene attempted for his
deliuerance, he thought to assaie the third; and héerevpon, procured the earle of Lennox to assemble an
armie, with as|sistance of the quéene and hir friends, to helpe to de|liuer The earle
of Lennox ga|thereth a pow|er. him from the hands of his enimies. The earle of Lennox did so,
and came with such power as he could raise from the westparts vnto Linlithgo. The earle of Angus being
aduertised, that the earle of Lennox was gathering men, sent to the earle of Ar|rane for aid, requiring him to come with such power as he could make, and to méet him at
Linlithgo. The earle of Arrane immediatlie héerewith gathered a The earle of Arrane
ga|thereth a power. power, and with the same came to Linlithgo before the earle of Lennox came
thither, who shortlie after comming with his people, approched that towne, vn|to whome the earle of
Arrane sent a messenger, re|quiring him to turne and saue his enterprise, assu|ring him, that albeit he
was his sisters sonne, he would not spare him, if he held forward vpon his iournie. The earle of Lennox héerewith answered in a great rage, that he would not
staie, till he came to Edenburgh, or else die for it by the waie. The earle of Arrane therefore not
staieng for the earle of An|gus his comming from Edenburgh, issued foorth of Linlithgo at the west end of
the towne, and incoun|tered the earle of Lennox and his companie, where there was a cruell onset giuen on
both sides, but sud|denlie the earle of Lennox his companie fled, and he himselfe with the lord of
Hunston and diuerse other
The earle of Lennox slaine gentlemen were slaine.
*The death of which Dowglas the king did great|lie lament,
and hearing the clamor and noise that was made in that conflict, did send foorth (but all too late)
Andrew Wood (his familiar) to haue succored the Lennox, if by anie meanes he could. After this victorie,
the faction of the Dowglasses (to the end that striking a feare in those that were enuious a|gainst them,
they might make them alwaies to be in danger to them) began to mooue questions and sutes in law, against such as had borne armor a|gainst the king: for feare whereof
some bought their peace with monie, some tooke part with the Dow|glasses, some followed the Hamiltons,
and some stiflie standing in the matter, were followed and cal|led into the law. Of which number Gilbert
earle of Cassiles (when he was earnestlie pressed by Iames Hamilton the bastard, to yéeld himselfe to the
part of the Hamiltons) being a man of great stomach, gaue this answer, that the old league of friendship,
which was betwéene their grandfathers (in which his grandfather was
alwaies the more honorable and first named) should not make him now so forgetfull of the honor of his
familie, that he would séeme to degenerat from his ancestors, and willinglie grant to be vnder defense
(which is the next degrée of seruitude) of them, whose head in making an equall league and couenant was
contented with the second place of honor.
Wherefore,
when the said Gilbert appéered in the law at the day appointed, for the
deciding of his cause: Hugh Kennedie his kinsman answered for him, that he was present in that battell,
as sent thi|ther by the king, and not as enimie to the king, and he would (if need required) bring foorth
the kings let|ters therfore, notwithstanding the Hamiltons frow|ning and fretting against his boldnesse:
for the king had written as well to Gilbert (going home) as to manie others, to ioine with Iohn Steward
earle of Lennox, who séeing the battell at hand, and that he had not time left to call togither his
friends and fol|lowers, did with his present companie (taking his iournie out of the waie) turne to
Striueling. Wher|fore (the power of the Hamiltons in that cause some|what suppressed) Iames Hamilton the
bastard stirred with great hatred against Kennedie, did procure Hugh Campbell shiriffe of Aire to
dispatch him out The death of the earle of Cassiles. of the waie, which he
shortlie after did in his returne home. Afterward this Hugh, to the end he might dis|semble his
conscience or knowledge of this euill (the execution wherof he had committed to his fellowes) was
remaining at the day and time of the same murther, with Iohn Areskine, whose sister was the wife of
Gilbert Kennedie.
But she
(as soone as she heard of that déed) did with manie bitter woords lay the fault vnto him, because by that
fact the noble house of the Kennedies had al|most béene brought to vtter subuersion, had he not left a
yoong sonne behind him. This yoong earle, after the death of his father, fled to his kinsman Ar|chembald
Dowglasse then the kings treasuror, to whome he committed the defense of himselfe and his familie. This
doone, Hugh Campbell was called in|to law for the said déed, who being manifestlie conui|cted thereof,
was banished into an other place. Nei|ther did the Dowglasses with lesse bitternesse exer|cise their
anger against Iames Beton, for bringing their power to saint Andrewes, which they spoiled, as after
appéereth.)
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In the
meane time, the earle of Angus bringing the king with him, arriued, and had come to the bat|tell, but
that the king was not willing to come foorth of Edenburgh in that quarrell (as some haue writ|ten) and
therefore made excuses, as he did also by the waie, faining himselfe sicke: but George Dowglas droue and
called vpon his horsse verie sharpelie, and constreined him to ride foorth with faster pase than he would
haue doone, giuing him manie iniurious woords, which he remembred afterwards, and would not forget them.
They went that night to Striue|ling, and shortlie after passed through Fife, searching for the quéene,
and the bishop of saint Andrewes; and The quéene sought for because they were
kept secretlie in their friends hou|ses, so that they could not be heard of, they spoiled the abbeie of
Dunfirmeling, and the castell of saint An|drewes, taking awaie all the moueables which the archbishop had
within the same.
Fr. Thin. Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 423. In the north parts also, the two
families of the Leslées and the Forboises, intangled with mutuall hatred, raised great flames of tumults
and parts ta|king: which enimities did after grow to be the grea|ter, because there were dailie manie
slaughters of the nobles & other people committed in Mar, Gar|reoth, and Aberden, whilest ech
faction labored to de|fend 1526. it selfe against the others. For which cause
(when the common-wealth was much deformed thereby, and all iustice seemed almost vtterlie ouerthrowne in
those parts) the earle of Angus and other of the no|bilitie (which were of the kings priuie councell) did
not ceasse, vntill they had made vnitie betwéene those two families. But in the end (the heire of the
For|boises, & the lord Lenturke, hauing by wait killed the noble baron Meldrume, which fauored
the Leslées) those buried contentions began againe to be raised from the dead; whose enimities being once
againe knowne to the nobilitie (and what hurt might insue thereof to the common state) they attempted all
pos|sible means once more to quench that deadlie flame, and afresh to ioine their minds togither in
amitie, with this prouiso, that the murtherers of Meldrume should (for punishment of their offense) be
banished into France, where the greatest part of them died, after manie miseries and reproches susteined
in their pitifull life. Which last league so sincerelie vnited be|twéene the Forboises and the Leslées,
was imbraced with such faith ech to other, by renewing thereof with continuall mariages & other
courtesies, that it conti|nueth most firme euen vnto this day.
EEBO page image 315 In which north parts also, the inhabitants ( [...]act|lie following their naturall disposition, and partlie 1520. Le [...]eus lib. 9. pag. 423, [...]4, &c. excited by the example of the former times long suf|fered so to be vsed)
did in like sort ouerr [...] and spoi [...] all things, by reason of ouer much libertie. But of all other [...]rs ra [...] in those parts, that was the g [...]|test and most troublesome, which was raised by the Makintosches. Of which vnrulie people, the one
familie was called the Glenchattens, and the other was surnamed Makintosches after the head of that
kindred; in which, the chiefe was called Lachla [...] Makintosche a man of great possessions, and of such excellencie in singularitie of wisedome, that
with great commendation he did conteine all his follow|ers within the limits of their dueties, more than
o|thers did. Which constreints (when they could hard|lie beare (as loth to liue in order) hauing so long
pas|sed their time licentiouslie) did withdraw the hearts of manie men from him. Amongest whome was Iames
Malcolmeson his kinsman (who thirsting after the desire to rule) tooke
occasion (by the iniurie of the time) traitorouslie with deceipt to kill this Makintosché; after which
(fearing further trouble to insue towards him) he flieth to the Ile (at the lake Kothmurcosie) as a
sanctuarie or defense for him. But the rest of the familie of the Makintosches did Kothmurcosie pursue him with such eager minds, that by force ta|king him in the Ile, they
woorthilie killed him, and manie of his confederats, guiltie of that wicked|nesse. After which (because
the sonne of Makintos|che, for his tender yeares, was not sufficient
with feare & punishment to bridle the minds of his fierce subiects) by common consent they chose
the bastard brother of the slaine man (called Hector Makintos|che) to be head and leader of that familie,
vntill this New tumults [...] that fami|lie. yoong nephue might grow to yéeres, and might wéeld the gouernement of his
owne tribe.
Now when
when the earle of Murreie perceiued that if the sonne of Makintosche were committed to the rashnesse of a
people somewhat fierce and cruell, that he should (on euerie side) be
oppressed with ma|nie troubles, he did most godlie (for the care he had of him his nephue being his
sisters sonne) prouide, that he should be caried to an other place, to the O|giluies, the childs kin on
the mothers side, where he should be well instructed and imbued with the pre|cepts of all learning and
vertue. Whereat Hector was greatlie offended, to sée that the child should so subtilie be taken from him.
Wherefore (affirming that much of his authoritie was thereby diminished) he attempted (euerie way he might) to get the child againe into his possession, that thereby he might
salue and recouer his credit and authoritie. But some there were, which supposed that the great care and
labor which he so much emploied (for getting the child into his hands) was to none other intent, but that
he might make him awaie, and prepare a path whereby to lead his owne sonne to the gouerne|ment of that
familie. Which conceipt being déeplie grauen in the mind of the earle of Murreie, caused him to séeke the preseruation of the child, that by no means he might fall into
the hands of Hector.
Wherewith
Hector being highlie incensed (and determining to spue out his choler, séeking reuenge by anie kind of
means) he did cause his brother Wil|liam The familie of Makintos the raise
sedi|tions. & other of his kindred, that ioining their force, they might stronglie vex
the earle of Murreie, and spoile his possessions: which they did with so great fu|rie, that ouerthrowing
the fort of Dikes, and besie|ging the castell of Tox [...]ewaie, they executed manie cruelties, slaughters, spoiles, burnings, and other mischiefes vpon all
sorts of people, men, women, and children, and all such as fauored them. For their hatred not limited
against the earle of Murreie, ex|tended further against the familie of the Ogiluies, amongest whome the
child was left in custodie fox educations cause. With which mind this Hector and his complices placing
their campe at the castell of Pettens, which belonged to the lord of Durneus (one of the familie of the
Ogiluies) they did so furr| [...]ie besiege the same, as the people of the same were in the end forced to yéeld the fort: which when
they had entred, they killed foure and twentie of the Ogil [...]es, whom they found therein. Whervpon (their minds being now aduanced with spoiles and happie
succ [...]s) they became so proud, as (trusting ouermuch to prosperous euent in all their actions) they neuer
set end to their wicked crueltie, vntill the erle of Murreie did with force execute iust iudge|ment vpon
them. For when the earle beheld them immoderatlie reioising, in spoiling his lands, and committing other
excessiue euils; he obteined of the king and his councell, that he might be [...] the kings deputie and gouernor in that battell, to bri|dle the rage and boldnesse of those in that
order spoi|ling the common-wealth.
Wherefore
the earle assembling an armie, did with such speedie valu [...]e come vpon them and their countrie, that at the first he tooke almost two hun|dred of their
capteins, and committed them to the gallowes. All whose faith was so true to their cap|teine, Woonderfull faith of euill men to their capteine. as (when life was seuerallie
promised to eue|rie one man as he was alone lead to the gallowes) there would not anie one of them
confesse where their capteine Hector had hidden himselfe. For eue|rie one answered (with bold spirit)
that they knew not where he was become; and if so be they did, that yet they would not (by anie paine or
terror of death) be induced to breake their faith and to betraie their maister. But hanging not being
thought a sufficient reuenge (for such capteins as the earle had taken) there were more gréeuous
punishments laid vpon William Makintosche (brother to Hector) because in the beginning he nourished those
coles of cho|ler for his brothers cause. For after that this Wil|liam was hanged, his head was chopped
off and fast|ned vpon a pole at Dikes, and the other foure parts of his bodie were sent to the townes of
Elgin, Fo|resse, Inuernesse, and Alderne, there to be set vp publikelie to the reproch of them, and the
example of others.
Now, after
all these sturs, Hector (séeing his men were thus dispersed and executed, and that himselfe was excluded
from anie other succor) fled to the faithfull helpe of Alexander Dunbar deane of Mur|reie, by whose
aduise he goeth humblie and secretlie to the king, beseeching his mercie and fauor to be extended vnto
him: for he supposed it better, rather to craue the doubtfull mercie of his lord, than to make triall of
the earle of Murreis certeine re|uenge. Wherevpon the king (seeing his humble submission) receiued him
into his fauor; and did with all his heart louinglie after embrace him, be|cause he was valiant and wise
in warre, and in counsell. But God, whose iustice is alwaies shewed in punishing of wickednesse, would
not suffer this filthinesse of crueltie, theft, murther, & spoile (where|with Hector did
wickedlie defile his life) to go vn|reuenged with most gréeuous paine vpon the said Hector. For in the
citie of saint Andrews, sudden death (than which there can be no greater punish|ment) was laid vpon him
by one Iames Spense a priest, who was himselfe afterwards beheaded.
When the
earle of Murreie had shewed such re|uenge vpon the fréends of Hector and their compa|nions; the people of
the prouince of Glencatten did from thencefoorth kéepe themselues within the li|mits of their duetie:
vntill that the sonne of Lach|lane EEBO page image 316 Makintosche came to mans estate and full age. Which
yoong man was in his first yeares imbued with such learnings and policie of life conformed therevnto,
that when he was imploied about the common-wealth; all the capteins of them (who natu|rallie speake Irish
in the furthest part of Scotland) did embrace him as a perfect paterne of all vertue, and an excellent
woorkemaister to frame a well orde|red state. Wherefore certeine (not able to susteine the brightnesse of
his vertue) did ioine in counsell with such as were néerest of bloud
vnto him, and had before laid violent hands on his father, to take his life away by forceable means.
Whereof we shall more liberallie intreat in an other place.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 This yeare
the king by counsell of the earle of An|gus, Arrane, and others, went with eight thousand men vnto
Iedburgh, to set some order amongest the borderers, for the kéeping of better rule: and so on the eight
of Iune, the principals of all the surnames of the clans on the borders, came to the king, bin|ding
themselues, and deliuering pledges for their good demenors. The
seuenteenth of Iulie, there was a great assemblie of the lords at Holie rood house, at 1527. Lesle. what time, there came a simple fellow (to looke vpon) seruant and horskeeper
sometime to the earle of Len|nox, who in the midst of a great companie of people Sir
Iames Hamilton hint by a des|perat person. in the abbeie close, strake sir Iames Hamilton
knight verie desperatlie with a short prage or dag|ger in the bellie shrée seuerall stripes vp to the
haft, and yet the said sir Iames died not of those hurts.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3 The man
being taken, by & by confessed the déed without repentance, saieng;
Phy on the feoble hand
quilke wald not doo that thing the heart thought, and was determinat to doo.
And being inquired
what he was, and who caused him to doo the same; he answe|red that he was a seruant of God, sent by him
to doo that déed. And albeit he was put to great torture and paines dailie by the space of a moneth, yet
would he neuer giue other answer, and so he was hanged, and his head set ouer one of the gates of
Edenburgh towne. About the same time, there came out of Germanie
maister Patrike Hamilton, abbat of Ferne, brothers sonne to the earle of Arrane, who had béene scholer to
Martin Luther, & others there. This man being conuented and examined vpon cer|teine articles, as
of iustification, predestination, of frée will, and such like, contrarie to the doctrine taught by the
church in that time, because he did af|firme, and constantlie defend them, he was decla|red an heretike
and burned.
The abbat of Ferne burnt.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The
eightéenth of March, the king besieged the castell of Edenburgh, the queene and hir husband Edenburgh casteil besie|ged. 1528 Lesle.
Henrie Steward, with Iames his brother being within it. But as soone as the quéene vnderstood,
that hir sonne the king was there in person, she cau|sed the gates to be set open, and vpon hir knées
be|sought him of grace for hir husband and his brother, and would not rest, till she had obteined the
same; but yet they were kept in ward within the castell, till the king afterwards released them. In the
yeare following, the king being now come to the age of The king be|ing seuentéene yeares of age, refuseth to be longer vnder gouernement.
seuentéene yeares, and of good discretion and wit for his time, would not longer remaine vnder the
go|uernement of the earle of Angus and his companie. Therevpon he assembled diuerse noble men of
Striueling, & by their counsell sent an herald vnto the earle of Angus & his assistans
resiant as then in Edenburgh, commanding them on paine of high treason, that they should depart foorth of
that towne, & that none of them should come within foure miles of the court, wheresoeuer the same
chanced to lie.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 Shortlie
after, the king himselfe with two thou|sand men, followed the herald: wherevpon the earle of Angus, both
being charged by the herald, and ad|uertised of the kings comming toward the towne, departed thence
immediatlie. And shortlie after, the same herald was sent vnto him againe with com|mandement from the
king, that he should remaine prisoner within ward in the countrie of Murrey, till the kings pleasure were
further knowen: which he would not obeie; wherefore both he and his adhe|rents were summoned to appeare
in parlement to be holden at Edenburgh, in September next fol|lowing. In this parlement begun at
Edenburgh the sixt of September in this yeare 1528, the earle 1528. The earle of Angus
for|faited. The earle of Angus at|teinted by parlement. Henrie Ste|ward created erle of
Meth|wen. of Angus, with his brother George Dowglas, his vncle by his father Archembald
Dowglas, Alex|ander Drommond of Carnocke, and diuerse other, were by decrée of parlement atteinted, and
forfalted for diuerse offenses, and speciallie, for assembling the kings people to haue assailed the
kings person: and because he had deteined the king against his will with him the space of two yeares and
more, all which time he stood in feare of his life.
In this
parlement Henrie Steward the quéenes husband was created lord of Methwen, and made maister of the
ordinance. Fr. Thin. Buchanan, lib. 14. Besides which, in place of earle
Dowglas was Gawin Dunbar, the kings schoolemaister made chancellor, a good and a learned man, and one in
whome manie did desire more ciuill policie; and in the place of Archembald Dowglas the treasuror was
admitted Robert Carnicruce, more famous for his monie than his vertue. In this parlement there was onelie
one found, called Iohn Bannatine, who fauoring the Dowglas, did boldlie there protest, that whatsoeuer
was therin doon, ought by no meanes to be hurtfull to the earle Dowglas; since iust feare of his
appearance there, was a iust cause to force him to be absent from thence. With|in a few daies after, a
brother of the earles called William, abbat of the monasterie of Holirood died, partlie by sickenesse,
and partlie by griefe of mind, being wearied with the present state of things; whose place Robert
Carnicruce, a man of base birth, but well monied, did obteine of the king: who had gran|ted vnto him the
auoidance of the next spirituall li|uing. At length, the Dowglas out of hope of all good successe, burnt
the townes of Constandie and Cranstoune, and so fled to the castell of Tantallon.]
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In October
following, the king assembled a great companie of men, with artillerie, and diuerse kinds The castell of Tantallon besieged. of munition, to besiege the castell of
Tantallon, which the earle of Angus did hold, who aduertised of the preparation made for the same siege,
furnished the castell with men and all kind of necessaries, and went himselfe into England. When the
siege then was laid about the castell, it was so strong and so well prouided, that it might not be woone
for all that could be doone at that season: in somuch that after Dauid Fauconer, principall gunner of the
kings Dauid Fau|coner slaine. side was slaine, the king caused the siege to be
raised; yet at length (though not till a long time after this) it was deliuered to the king by
appointment. Fr. Thin. Buchanan. lib. 14. Be|fore the deliuerie whereof,
the king déepelie sware that he would not leaue one aliue to succeed in the inheritance and name of the
Dowglasses, so long as he liued and was king.
Wherevpon
he came to Edenburgh, where (to the end he might distresse them the more) he determined by the aduise of
his councell to send a dailie compa|nie (though no great number) to Coldingham, which should defend the
husbandmen from the spoile. Which office appointed to Bothwell chiefe of Louthaine, he did vtterlie
refuse; either fearing the power of the Dowglas (wherevnto all the other strength of Scot|land did of
late not seeme to be equall) or that he would not (being then yoong) imbrue his hands with the
destruction of so famous a familie. Wherevpon, EEBO page image 317 since the king durst not trust the
Hamiltons (as friends to his enimies, & being offended with them for the death of Iohn Steward
earle of Lennox, nor durst commit the matter to anie of the adioining nobilitie) at length the same came
so about, that Calene Campbell (dwelling on the furthest borders of the kingdome, being a man of good
estimation for his wisedome, and approoued experience in feats of warre, and for his iustice déerelie
loued of the peo|ple) was sent by the king (with great authoritie) to
the rebels. Whereby the Dowglasses (being forsa|ken, of the Hamiltons and their other friends) were
brought to those extremities, that they were infor|ced to depart into England to K. Henrie the eight, who
honorablie and liberallie receiued and inter|teined them. After this, the king (as is said) getting the
castell of Tantillone by composition, did scarse kéepe all the couenants of his grant thereof in
wri|ting; although he performed this, that Alexander Drumman at the request of Robert Bretton, had
licence to returne home into his countrie, a little before which (as
it séemeth) when Iames Coluille and Robert Carnicruse were remooued from the court (as persons suspected
to fauor the Dowglasses) their offices were bestowed vpon Robert Bretton, then in great fauor with the
king and courtiers, and aduanced to the gouernement of manie places.)
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2
3
4 The
eightéenth of Maie, in the yéere 1529, the earle of Cathnesse and the lord of Sincler, with a great 1529. armie by sea passed into Orkenie, to haue taken that Ile into possession; but the people of the countrie as|sembled The
earle of Cathnes pas|seth ouer into Orkenie. at the commandement of Iames Sincler of Kirkewall
their capteine, who gaue battell to the earle and his armie with such courage, that he dis|comfited the
enimies: the earle with fiue hundred of his men was slaine, and drowned in the sea, vnto the The earle of Cathnesse slaine. The blindnes of the Orknie men. which they were
driuen. The lord Sincler and all the residue were taken. The Orkenie men held opinion, that their patrone
saint Magnus was séene that day to fight in the field on their side against their eni|mies. In the same moneth on the fiftéenth day, there An assemblie
of the lords. was a great assemblie of the lords in Edenburgh, where the king himselfe sate in
iudgement. The lard of Hinderland called Cockburne, and one Adam Scot of Tushlaw, who was named king of
theeues, were accused of theft, and of receiuing and maintei|ning Kng of th [...]ues. of théeues, slaughters, and other crimes; of the which being conuict, they lost
their heads, which were set ouer the Tolbuith of Edenburgh. Execution.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 On the
same day, the earle of Bothwell was also conuict, for mainteining them
and their crimes, and The earle of Bothwell conuict. his life, lands, and
goods, were in the kings hands. He was therefore kept in ward within Edenburgh ca|stell, and after sent
into Murrey land, & lastlie bani|shed the realme during the kings daies [and remai|ned
Fr. Thin. Banished the realme. at Uenice.] Also, the lord Maxwell, the lord Hume, the
lards of Balglueth, Fernihurst, Pollort, Iohnson, Marke Kar [with the earle Bothwell] and
F [...]. Thin. Other lords conuict, and put in ward. other principall men of the
borders, were conuict by assise, and put in ward: by reason whereof, the borde|rers kept better rule euer after, during the kings reigne. [Few moneths after, the king
commanded the noble men (before imprisoned, and then to be ba|nished) F [...]. Thin. Buchan. lib. 14. to be restored to libertie, taking pledges for their allegiance.
Of which companie, one Walter Scot (killing Robert Iohnstone a théefe of noted crueltie, therwith to
gratifie the king) began deadlie enimitie with that familie, to the great hurt of both those
kinreds.]
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1
2 About this
season, a landed man named Iohn Iohn Scot fasted fortie daies without receiuing any
[...]od. 1 [...]1. Buch.
Scot, that had trauelled abroad in the world [ouer England, France, Italie and the holie land, as
saith Lesleus] who now being returned into Scotland, (bicause it was bruted in other countries
that hée had fasted 40 daies without either meat or drinke) was for triall therof put in Dauids tower in
Eden|burgh castell, and diligent watch set vpon him to sée that he had no sustenance to relieue him
withall, and so kept for fortie daies, he fasted all that time with|out anie kind of nourishment, to the
great woonder of the people. In the summer of this yeere 1529, Ar|chembald 1529. Dowglas, that had béene forfalted (as ye haue heard) came alone to the king while he was
on hunting in Striueling parke, & besought his grace of pardon, which he had obteined fullie at
his hands, bicause he fauoured him more than anie of that sur|name, if he had not béene (as he was
indéed) altogi|ther determined that none of them should remaine within the land at that time, and so he
banished Archembald Dowglas banished. him into France, where shortlie after
through griefe of mind he departed this life.
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1
2
3
4
5 In the
moneth of Iune, the king with an armie The king com meth to the borders. went
to the borders to set order there for better rule to be kept, and to punish such as were knowen to be
most culpable. And herevpon he caused fortie and right of the most notable theeues, with their capteine
Iohn Armstrong to be apprehended; the which being conuict of murther, theft, & treason, were all
hanged Théeues hanged. on growing trees, to the example of other. There was one
cruell théefe amongst the rest, which had burned a house with a woman and hir children within it: he
A théefe burnt to death. was, burned to death. George Armstrong, brother to
Iohn, was pardoned, to the end he should appeath the residue, which he old; so that they were
apprehen|ded by the kings commandement, and punished for their misdooings, according as they had
deserued. In August following, manie meruellous sights were woonders seene in the
firmament. seene about Striueling, as candels burning on the tops of hils in the nights, and in
the morning afore sunne rising. Diuerse armed men appeared fighting vpon the ground, which was taken to
be a foretoken of some trouble to insue in those parties. The fif|téenth day of August, a great number of
people be|ing assembled at the market in Campscenneth, fif|tie & two persons were drowned in the
ferrie bote; A ferrie bote drowned. amongst the which were diuerse honest men
and wo|men of the countrie.
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1
2
3 The first
of March, in the yéere 1530, the abbat 1530. An abbat murthered. of Culrose
called Iames Inglis, was cruellie mur|thered by the lord of T [...]lliallan and his seruants, a|mongst whom there was a priest called sir William Louthien, for the
which they were apprehended, and the said sir William the twentie and seuenth of the same moneth, vpon a
publike scaffold in Eden|burgh was degraded (the king, quéene, and a great companie of people being
present) and after his de|gradation, he was deliuered to the earle of Argile high iustice, and the next
day the said Tulliallan and the same priest were beheaded. This yéere the col|lege The
sessions instituted. court of iustice called the sessions was institu|ted in Edenburgh by the
king, with consent of the three estates in parlement assembled, and after con|firmed in Rome; in the
which are fiftéene councellors ordinarie, eight of them being spirituall persons, of the which the most
ancient is president, and seuen temporall men, but so as by this number the chancel|lor of the realme is
aboue the president, when he is present. There are also foure councellors extraordi|narie, remooueable at
the princes pleasure. In the yéere 1531, I find little doone to make account of, 15 [...]1. for the erle of Angus remaining in England, could not persuade the king of England in
his fauor to breake the peace with Scotland, though the same earle earnestlie laboured to bring that to
passe.
Fr. Thin. Buch. lib. 14. 1532. The earle of Bothwell, for that he went
priui|lie into England (being supposed to haue had secret conference with the earle of Northumberland) he
was the 16 kalends of Februarie committed to the EEBO page image 318 castell of Edenburgh, & sir
Iohn Sandland knight was sent with authoritie to the hermitage (a castell in Liddesdale) to represse the
spoiles and robberies committed there. When of ancient time there had béene no certeine daies and place
appointed for the deciding of monie, contentions, or debts amongest the citizens and people of Scotland,
Iohn duke of Albanie obteined from the bishop of Rome, that a yeerelie summe of monie (as much as should
be suf|ficient to paie the stipend of a few iudges that shuld be
appointed therefore) should be leuied of the clear|gie, of euerie one according to his estate and
sub|stance. Whervpon Gawin Dunbar bishop of Aber|den for himselfe in the name of the cleargie, appea|led
to the said bishop of Rome. Which controuersie continued from the fift Ides of March, vntill the tenth
kalends of Maie, at which day the college of the iudges of Edenburgh was established, of whom in the
beginning there were many profitable things doone, and law was equallie ministred; but yet the same end did not follow which was then hoped a|mongst them. For since in
Scotland there be almost no lawes but such as are decréed by parlement, which are not commonlie
perpetuall, but made for a time; and that the iudges as much as in them lieth doo hin|der the making of
such lawes: the goods of all men were committed to the arbitrement of fifteene men, which haue perpetuall
power therfore, being in truth but tyrannicall gouernment, since their one|lie arbitrements must stand
for law. Thus much
Buchanan.
But
bicause Lesleus treateth in more ample and other sort of that matter; and for that I will not
de|priue the reader of the seuerall writings of them both touching one thing: I will also set downe
Lesleus words, writing in this order. In this parlement (saith 1533.
Lesleus. lib. 9. pag. 437, 438. he) by the consent of the states, it séemed good that the forme
of iudgement vsed by our ancestors should be taken away. For where certeine of the cleargie, of the
barons, and of the citizens, were chosen euerie yeere to trauell ouer
the foure parts of the realme, to giue iudgement of ciuill causes (as they terme it) and of other things
intangled with the controuersie of law: and that then it oftentimes happened, either by the ignorance of
the iudge that did not atteine to the perfection of the law, or by the malice of them which were
corrupted with bribes, that the woorser part had vniustlie the vpper hand against the righ|ter; to which
discommoditie this was also ioined, that no cause could be well examined to the vttermost by one man at one time, bicause the iudges were so of|ten changed; whereby it must
néeds folow, that seue|rall iudges (hauing seuerall minds and wits) must for one matter giue inconstant
& contrarie iudge|ments. Wherefore to take awaie this varietie of iudgements and other
discommodities, wherewith the common-wealth was afflicted; it pleased the par|lement by the persuasion of
the king, that a certeine defined number of senators (being persons of the greatest knowledge in law)
should haue a perma|nent place at Edenburgh, to decide all matters of
controuersie, the maner & order whereof we haue set downe in our former booke, saith
Lesleus. And I for my part thinke not vnméet for the more explaning thereof, to set it downe
in this place out of the same Lesleus.
The
companie (saith he) of these men (whom wee Lesleus. lib. 1. pag. 79. call the
senat of the publike wealth) receiue none but such, whose praise of vertue and sharpenesse of wit
(especiallie in matters of law) dooth aduance them to that place. This court is so apted of the cler|gie
and secular nobilitie (as a man may fearme them) that the one part of the laitie dooth answer the other
number of the cleargie. Which we thinke to bée doone by the great benefit of God, that the religion and
simplicitie of the cleargie may temper the sin|gular wisedome of the temporaltie, obteined by the
experience of worldlie causes; and againe, the iudge|ment of the laitie may further and moderate the pure
religion and ancient simplicitie of the cleargie. Ouer all these is one chiefe and head (which is a
spi|rituall man) who hath the highest place in sentence and pronouncing of iudgement; except the
iudge|ment of the chancellor of the kingdome happen to come in place; for then therevnto the Scots giue
the chiefest preheminence in all the affaires of the com|mon-wealth. Thus much he.)
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1
2
3 In the
yéere 1532, sir Arthur Darcie was sent to 1532. Sir Arthur Darcie sent to the bor [...]rs. the borders, who being at Berwike, by the counsell of the earle of Angus then being
there, they made a rode into Scotland, and burned certeine places: wherevpon the Scots assembling
themselues to de|fend their countrie, made towards the Englishmen, He maketh a rode
into Scotland. who retired themselues to Berwike againe. After this were diuerse inuasions made
on euerie side vp|on the borders, and ships likewise taken by sea, and yet no warre was proclamed. In
September, in the yeere 1533, certeine commissioners of either 1533. realme
were at Newcastell, to intreat for a redresse and recompense to be made for burning of townes and
villages, taking of goods, casting downe of piles, taking of ships, slaughters of men, and di|uerse other
spoiles and iniuries doone, as well by the sea as by the land, from the 23 day of Aprill in the yéere
1532, vnto the day of the méeting of the same commissioners; which dooings were little lesse in ef|fect
than had béene vsed in time of open warre, al|though the same was not proclamed. Bicause there|fore that
the scathes & iniuries fell out to be so great on both sides, that particular redresse could not
bée had, the order thereof was referred to the pleasure of both the princes.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 Further it
was agréed, that for a perpetuall peace to be concluded, certeine commissioners should be 1534. Lesle. appointed to treat therof at London, as afterwards they did. For the
king of Scotland there were sent as commissioners about this treatie, William Ste|ward bishop of Aberden,
Robert Reid the abbat of Kinlos, and sir Adam Sterburie knight [or (as saith Fr.
Thin.
Lesleus li. 9. pa, 439.) Adam Otterburne] the which ac|companied with diuerse other knights,
barons, and gentlemen, came to London, and were there right honorablie receiued the 25 of March. After
they had béene before the kings presence, there were certeine commissioners appointed by him to treat
with them of peace, the which agréed vpon certeine conditions and articles for a peace to continue
betwixt both A peace con|cluded. kings during their naturall liues, and one
yere after the decease of that prince which first chanced to de|part this world: and so the commissioners
returned into Scotland in the moneth of Maie next in|suing.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 About the
same time were sent into France Da|uid Ambassadors into France. Beton abbat of
Arbroth, and Iames Erskin se|cretarie, as ambassadors to require the duke of Uan|dosmes sister in mariage
for the king: with which motion the ladie and hir friends were verie well con|tented. Neuerthelesse (as
afterwards shall appéere) the king himselfe passing secretlie into France in The king
him selfe passeth se|cretlie into France. proper person, when he had once séene the ladie, he
li|ked hir not; & so became a sutor to the French king his eldest daughter Magdalen, whome he
obteined: wherefore the duke of Uandosmes sister would ne|uer after match hir selfe with anie other in
mariage, but professed hir selfe in a house of religion, where she remained the residue of hir life time.
The king of England sent ambassadors into Scotland, the bishop of Duresme, sir Thomas Clifford, the prior
of Du|resine, EEBO page image 319 and one doctor Magnus, who were honorablie receiued in the moneth of
Iulie: and then was the peace before concluded by the ambassadors at Lon|don, The
peace concluded with Eng|land. confirmed by the king himselfe, and the charter thereof
interchangablie sealed, with the great seales of both the realmes, during the liues of both the prin|ces
(as before ye haue heard.)
Fr. Thin. Lesleus lib. 9. pag 439. 1534. The king in those daies did shew
such hope of ho|norable vertue in him, that the wisest and the most valiant princes of the world did
honor him with the ornaments of their orders: for first Henrie king of
England adopted him into the order of the garter, the emperor made him a fellow of the golden fléece, and
shortlie after the French king clothed him with the order of saint Michaell. In remembrance of all which
(for a note to be left to posteritie) he caused the armes of Scotland, honored with these thrée orders,
to be set vp ouer the gate of his palace of Lithquoe, with the ornaments of the honor of saint Andrew,
which are proper to the kingdome of Scotland.)
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1
2
3
4 The same
yeere, the king passed through the north parts of his realme, and caused iustice dulie to be mi|nistred
Iustice mini|stred. in places where he came, against offendors. Moreouer, in
Edenburgh was great inquisition made, and punishment exercised against such as were detected to hold
opinions against the religion then vsed, the king himselfe assistant thereto. Mai|ster Norman Gorleie
that was abiured before, and Andrew Stratton that would not renounce his opi|nion, were burned. The
shiriffe of Linlitgew, and di|uerse other, that were fled for feare of
punishment, were conuict of heresie. Diuerse Englishmen that English fugi|tiues
receiued into Scot|land. held against the diuorce betwixt king Henrie, and the ladie Katharine
Dowager, fled this yeere into Scotland, and were receiued.
Fr. Thin. Buchan. li. 14. About this time (to conclude a league with
Char|les the fift, emperor) this Charles sent Godescall E|rike (to the end the matter might be handled
more secretlie) from Toledo (by Ireland) into Scotland,
1534. who when he had declared his message to him from the emperor [conteining
the iniuries doone to his aunt Katharine quéene of England, & to hir daugh|ter by Henrie the
eight, king of England: the cal|ling of a generall councell: the ouerthrow of the Lu|theran heresie (to
vse Buchanans woord) and for con|tracting of mariage] the said ambassador did deli|uer to the
king the emperors letter, wherein was set downe the offer and choise of which of those thrée Maries the
king would take to wife: which were Marie (the sister of Charles) a
widow by Lodowike of Hungarie, hir husband slaine by the Turke: Ma|rie of Portingale his néece by his
sister Leonara: or Marie of England his coosine germane by his aunt Katharine. Wherevnto the king
answered, that the mariage with England should be most profitable, but the same was a thing of vncerteine
hope, of greater danger & labour, & of longer delaie than his carefulnesse (being the
onelie man left of that line) might well indure. Wherefore of all the emperors kinred, that mariage by manie reasons should be most beneficiall for him, to take to
wife the daughter of Christern, king of Denmark, begotten vpon Isa|bell sister to the emperor. Wherevnto
for deniall ther|of, Charles did shortlie make answer (at Madrike) that he was affianced to another.)
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1
2
3 In the
yéere 1535, the pope sent a messenger into Scotland, requiring king Iames to assist him a|gainst 1535. The pope sen|deth into Scotland. the king of England, whome he had decréed
an heretike, a schismatike, a wedlocke breaker, a pub|like murtherer, and a sacrileger; and therefore he
had declared him to be depriued of the said kingdome, the which he would bestow vpon him, and other
ca|tholike princes. In the yéere 1536, the king tooke the sea with fiue ships, without knowledge of the
most 1536. part of the lords of his realme, and sailed about the The kings voiage about the Iles. Iles of Skie and Lewes, and the other Iles, and
by storme was driuen to take land at saint Ninians in Galloway, & so returned to Striueling, from
whence he passed on foot in pilgrimage vnto our ladie chappell of Lauret beside Muskelburgh, and
afterward sent for diuerse of his lords, and by their counsell tooke his voiage againe by sea with fiue
ships, to passe into France, as he was minded to haue doone the first time: but what caused him to alter
his purpose then, we find not. This second time he imbarked at Kirc|kaldie the last of August, and with
good and prospe|rous wind he shortlie after arriued in France, there He saileth in|to
France. being with him in companie the earles of Argile, and Arrane, the lords Boid and
Fleming, with di|uerse other barons, knights, and gentlemen; and be|fore him there were in France the
earles of Mur|rey, Lennox, and Cassiles, the lord Erskin, the abbat of Arbroth, and others.
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1
2 Immediatlie after his arriuall, he rode in secret He rideth to Uandosme.
manner disguised vnto Uandosmes in Picardie, ta|king with him but one seruant named Iohn Ten|nent, whome
he caused to take vpon him as he had béene maister; and so comming to the duke of Uan|dosme his place,
got sight of the ladie who shuld haue béene his wife; but not liking hir, he returned againe without
talking either with hir or hir friends: and comming to Rouen where his companie were abi|ding for him, he
passed from thence towards Paris, where the Dolphin of France was appointed by the king his father to
méet him seuen leagues from the citie, who brought him to the king, who receiued him in such hartie
manner, as if he had beene his owne He is receiued into Paris. sonne, and with
as much honor as might haue béene shewed to the greatest prince in earth. There were iustes, tourneis,
and other princelie pastimes practi|sed and set foorth; in which iustes and other exercises of warlike
feates, he shewed himselfe as hardie, cun|ning and valiant, as anie other person within all the realme of
France, for the which he wan passing great praise.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 In the
meane time, he caused his ambassadors and He is a sutor for mariage. the noble
men that were with him, to declare vnto the king of France, that the cause of his comming was for mariage
to he had betwéene him and the la|die Magdalen, eldest daughter to the king, whome he loued &
fauoured aboue all other within his realme. The French king was glad héereof, that the ancient band
betwixt Scotland and France might thus with new aliance be confirmed, and therefore declared that he
would willinglie giue him his daughter in mariage. But héerewith he let him vnderstand, that his daughter
was much subiect to sicknesse, and ther|fore he referred that vnto the king of Scotland his owne
pleasure, whether he would haue hir, or his yoongest daughter the ladie Margaret, who was af|ter maried
to the duke of Sauoy. This offer of choise being reported to the king of Scotland, he continu|ed in his
former purpose, which was, to match with the ladie Magdalen, who was in déed a plesant yoong ladie,
beautifull, of good fauour, louelie countenance, and comelie manners, aboue all others within that
realme.
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1
2
3 Heerevpon
the mariage was contracted betwixt The mariage contracted be|twixt the king of Scots
and the ladie Magdalen. them, and an hundred thousand crownes of the sun promised with hir in
dowrie, with thirtie thousand franks of pension, during the life of king Iames: which monie was deliuered
vnto him at his returne homewards, besides manie rich hangings, cupboords of plate, sumptuous apparell,
and rich iewels giuen to him and his wife, farre aboue the summe of an o|ther hundred thousand crownes,
with two great ships (the one called the salamander) and great plen|tie of artillerie, powder, and other
munition. Moreo|uer, EEBO page image 320 all his charges and expenses were borne by the French king, during
his being within the realme of France. At the same time also, was the ancient league and bond of amitie
betwixt the two realmes of Scotland and France renewed, and the day of the solemnization of the mariage
appointed to be hol|den the first of Ianuarie.
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1
2
3 In the
meane time, great preparation for the same was made, and all the nobles of France sent for to be there at
that day. On the which within the church of Nostre dame in the citie of
Paris, the king of 1539. The mariage contracted. Scotland openlie maried the
said ladie Magdalen, in presence of the king hir father, the king of Nauar|re, seuen cardinals, and
diuerse great dukes, mar|quesses, earles, lords, barons, bishops, & others. After the
solemnization of the mariage, king Iames re|mained in France, till the moneth of Maie, passing the time
with all kind of pleasure and disport that might be deuised for his honorable interteinement. Finallie,
the king and his wife quéene Magdalen tooke their leaue of the king of
France their father at Paris, about the latter end of Aprill, and so rode to Rouen, where they were
receiued with great tri|umph, 1537. Lesle. and from thence they passed downe
the riuer to Newhauen where they imbarked, being accom|panied by the admerall of France, and manie other
noble men of the realme, appointed by the French king to attend vpon them into Scotland, & so
they sailed foorth with pleasant wind and prosperous wea|ther, through the seas, till they came into the
Forth,
The king with his quéene retur|neth into Scotland. and there landed at the
peare of Lieth hauen, the 29 of Maie, in the yeere 1537, where a great number of earles, bishops, barons,
& other noble men & gentle|men of Scotland were readie to receiue them with passing ioy
and gladnesse, & from thence with great triumph they were conueied to the abbeie of Holie rood
house.
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1 This noble
ladie with hir louelie countenance and séemelie demeanor, at hir first arriuall woone the loues and
hartie good wils of all the nobles & people of the realme, and
withall contented so highlie the mind and fantasie of the king hir husband, that there was neuer more
hope of wealth and prosperitie to succéed within the realme, than at that present. But fortune enuieng so
great felicitie, would not suffer them to continue anie longer time togither: for a|bout the end of Iune
she fell sicke of a vehement fe|uer, whereof she departed this life the tenth of Iulie Quéene Mag dalen depar|teth this life. next insuing, and was buried in the church of Holie
rood house, for whose death the king was verie sorow|full, &
stirred not abroad of a long time after: [whose death (saith Buchanan) was so lamented of all
men, Fr. Thin. that then (as he supposeth) began the first vse of moor|ning
garments amongest the Scots, which yet at this day, not being past fortie yéeres, is not verie common,
though publike orders and manners doo e|uerie day grow woorsse and woorsse.]
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1
2 In the
summer of this yéere, Ione Dowglasse the ladie of Glames, sister to the earle of Angus, was The ladie Glames and hir husband conuict of treason. 1537. Less.
apprehended, and likewise hir husband Dauid Lion, and both of
them brought to Edenburgh, where they were accused and conuict by an assise, for conspiracie of the kings
death: the said ladie was burned, and hir husband hanged. Hir son the lord Glames was also conuict for
misprision and concealement of that crime, and therfore forfaiting all his lands, was con|demned to die:
but because he was yoong and of ten|der yeeres, the king pardoned him of life, and com|manded him to
perpetuall prison, in the which he re|mained so long as the king liued. [This yéere was Bothwell, for
that he was ouer familiar with the Fr. Thin. English, banished into France (as
saith Buchanan.] Shortlie after, Iohn maister of the Forbois, and el|dest The
maister of Forbois he headed. sonne to the lord Forbois, who had maried a si|ster of the said
ladie Glames, was at Edenburgh likewise indicted and conuict by an assise, by procure|ment of the earle
Huntleie, for the like conspiracie of the kings death, for the which he was beheaded and quartered, and
his head and quarters set alost vp|on the gates of Edenburgh. His father the lord For|bois, vpon
suspicion of the same conspiracie, was long after kept in prison within the castell of Eden|burgh; but at
length when nothing might be prooued against him, he was released and set at libertie.
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1
2 This
yeere, the king in September caused iustices Iustices ap|pointed to sit in diuerse
parts of the realme. to sit in the north parts of the realme, and likewise in October; and in
the winter following he caused the like to be doone in the south and west parts. The king himselfe was
often times present, assisting the lords whome he had appointed his commissioners for the furtherance of
iustice, and maintenance thereof tho|rough all parts of his realme. Fr. Thin.
Buchan. lib. 14. pag. 447. The king appoin|ted in assemblie of the nobles, by whose consent an
edict was made to confirme the former law, in which all his grants made at Roane in his minoritie were
voided and of no authoritie. At what time also by the said persons it was brought to passe by great
labor, that the kings patrimonie should be augmented with manie possessions. Wherefore when they
percei|ued that the kings charge and dignitie could not be mainteined with so small reuenues, they
aduanced his foure sonnes (borne of diuerse women) to the rich abbeies & priories of Melrosse,
kelso, Coldingham, Holie rood, and of saint Andrewes, whose reuenues they transferred to the kings
coffers so long as he li|ued: by which (perhaps) there came no lesse monie (saith Lesleus) vnto
his coffers, than did arise of his kinglie inheritance.)
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1 The king
by the aduise of these noble men of his 1538. Lesle. realme, thinking it
necessarie for him to match a|gaine in mariage with some noble princesse, sent in|to The king is a sutor for ma|riage to the dutchesse of Longuile. Fr. Thin.
France vnto the earle of Murrey, and Dauid Be|ton abbat of Arbroth [whome (as saith Lesleus
lib. 9. pa. 447) Paule the third had made a cardinall, & they of France had made bishop
of Miropreuse] his am|bassadors there resident, willing them by the aduise of the French king to treat
for a mariage to be had betwixt him and the ladie Marie de Lorraine, dut|chesse of Longuile, widow,
daughter to the duke of Guise. And being aduertised from his said ambassa|dors, that the king of France,
the ladie hir selfe, and hir friends, were well contented therewith, he sent in the beginning of Maie the
lord Robert Maxwell, and the maister of Glencarne, well accompanied in|to France, to ioine with his other
ambassadors for the contracting of that mariage, the which according to their commission treated thereof,
and concluded vpon resolute articles, and so espoused hir by procu|rators, as the vse is amongst such
estates, with great triumph in the citie of Paris, whereat the king and manie noble men were present.
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1
2
3 After this
she was conueied to Newhauen, and there taking the seas, passed through the same till she came to Carell
in Fife, where she landed the tenth of Iune; and from thence she was conueied to the new palace in the
abbeie of saint Andrewes, being hono|rabli prepared for the receiuing of hir. And there the The mariage solemnized. king accompanied with manie noble men, openlie solemnized
and confirmed the foresaid mariage with the said ladie in the abbeie church, with great ioy and triumph.
The king with his queene remained there the most part of that summer. And within a few mo|neths after the
mariage, she conceiued with child, to the great comfort of the king and the whole realme, for the hope of
succession thereby; and therefore gene|rall processions and publike praiers were made tho|rough all parts
of the realme, for the prosperous suc|cesse of the same. After that the king had pacified the EEBO page image 321 borders and all other parts of his realme, by exerci|sing of iustice, and trauelling
about the same in his owne person through all places (where néed requi|red) so that there was as great
quietnesse, rest, and policie vsed in Scotland, as euer was in anie kings Great
quiet|nesse in Scot|land. daies before him: yet neuerthelesse there were cer|teine disobedient
persons in the Iles.
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1 The king
therefore, to bring them to order, caused to prepare a good nauie of ships, and in the moneth of Maie
went aboord the same in the rode of Lieth, ha|uing with him the earles
of Arrane, Huntleie, Ar|gile, 1539. and diuerse other earles, lords, and
barons, with whome he sailed foorth by the coasts of Fife, Angus, The king sai|leth
north|wards to the Iles of Orke|nie and others Aberden, Murrey firth, Southerland, and
Cath|nesse, till he came to Orkenie, where he landing and all his companie with him, were receiued verie
ho|norablie by the bishop Robert Maxwell. Heere they furnished themselues with fresh vittels, and other
such things as were necessarie; and taking the seas againe, sailed to the Iles of Skie and Lewes, where
Mac Clewd of the Lewes, a principall clan of his kin, was brought
vnto the king, who sent foorth also a companie to Mac Clewd Haugh, who came like|wise out of his Ile, and
presented himselfe to the king.
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1
2 From
thence the king sailed by the coast of Rosse & Kintaile, to the Ile of Tranternes, where diuerse
of the Maconiles, such as the lord Olagarrie, Iohn Moidart, and others (who alledged themselues to be of
the principall bloud, and lords of the Iles) were brought also to the
kings presence. From thence tra|uelling through the residue of the Iles, Maclane and Iames Maconile of
Kinter, being the two principall capteins of the small Iles, came likewise to the king who at length
landed at Dunbreton, and sent the The out Iles brought to good order. capteins
and ships with prisoners to passe the same waie he came round about the coast, so to come to Edenburgh,
where the same prisoners being arri|ued, the chiefe heads of them were kept in ward as pledges for good
rule in their countries, and were not suffered to depart so long as the
king liued, whereby there followed great quietnesse, and as good obedi|ence to the lawes throughout all
the Iles, as there was in anie part of the realme; and as good account and paiment made to the kings
controller in his ex|cheker for the lands of the same Iles perteining to the crowne, as for anie part of
the reuenues belon|ging therevnto within the maine land. [In this yéere Fr.
Thin. (saith Buchanan lib. 4.) were manie taken for Lu|therantsme, wherof some were
burnt; nine recanted, and manie were banished: amongest whom, George
Buchanan was one, who escaped by a rope out of a window of a chamber.]
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1
2 Whilest
the king was in this voiage, the queene was deliuered of a sonne at saint Andrewes, where|of The quéene deliuered of a sonne. the king being aduertised at his landing, hasted
with all possible diligence to the quéene, and shortlie after was the child baptised, and called Iames.
The archbishop of saint Andrewes, and the earle of Ar|rane were godfathers, and the quéene the kings
mo|ther was godmother. For the birth of this prince, there were
bounfiers made through all parts of the realme, with great triumph and giuing of thanks to God for the
same. After this the quéene, mother to the king, returned vnto Methwen, where after she had remained a
certeine time, a sicknesse tooke hir, of the which shortlie after she departed this life, and was The quéene mother depar|ted this life. buried in the Charterhouse church of saint
Iohns towne, by the toomé of king Iames the first. The king himselfe and manie nobles of the realme were
present at the funerals, which were kept in most so|lemne and pompous manner.
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1
2
3
4
5 The same
yeare were burnt at Edenburgh for Certeine per|sons burnt for religion. heresie
(as it was then taken) a regular canon, two blacke friers, and a secular man. Also two priests were
degraded, and condemned to perpetuall prison. The same time there was a graie frier in the citie of
Glascow burnt for the like cause, and manie other summoned; and because they would not appeare, they were
denounced heretikes. About the same 1539. Lesle. The death of Iames Be|ton
archbishop of saint An|drews. time, Iames Beton archbishop of saint Andrews, a man of great age
departed this life, and was bu|ried in saint Andrews. Before his departure, he had prouided successors to
all his benefices, first to his archbishops sée; and to the abbeie of Arbroth, maister Dauid Beton,
afterwards cardinall; and to the abbeie of Dunfermeling maister George Du|rie that was archdeacon of
saint Andrews. These men, without anie gainesaieng of the king, entered with his good will into the same
benefices, immedi|atlie after his deceasse. This Iames Beton builded a great part of the new college of
saint Andrewes, and left great summes of monie and treasure to go through to make an end of the same
woorke.
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1 This yeare
in the moneth of August sir Iames 1540. Sir Iames Hamilton ar|rested. Hamilton
of Finhart knight, remaining as then in the towne of Edenburgh, was arrested by Da|uid Wood controller to
the king, who charged him in the kings name to go to ward within the ca|stell of Edenburgh. Which
commandement he wil|linglie obeied, thinking himselfe sure inough, as well by reason of the good seruice
he had doone to the king, speciallie in reparing the palaces of Striue|ling and Linletgew; as also for
that the king had him in so high fauor, that he stood in no feare of him|selfe at all. Neuerthelesse,
shortlie after he was brought foorth to iudgement, and conuict in the Tol|buith Sir
Iames Hamilton be|headed. of Edenburgh, of certeine points of treason laid against him, which
he would neuer confesse; but that notwithstanding, he was beheaded in the mo|neth of September next
insuing [after that he had Fr. Thin. Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 451. liberallie
confessed at the place of execution, that he had neuer in anie iot offended the kings maiestie, and that
this death was yet woorthilie inflicted vp|on him by the diuine iustice; because he had often of|fended
the law of God to please the prince, thereby to obteine greater countenance with him. Where|fore he
admonished all persons, that (mooued by his example) they should rather follow the diuine plea|sure, than
vniustlie séeke the kings fauor, since it is better to please God than man.]
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1
2 This
summer the quéene remaining at Striue|ling, The quéene deliuered of another
son. was deliuered of an other prince, which was baptised in the chappell of Striueling, and
called Ar|thur: but within eight daies after, the said prince de|ceassed The two yoong
princes departed this life. at Striueling aforesaid. On the verie same daie, prince Iames the
kings eldest sonne being at saint Andrews departed this life also, in such wise, that there was but onlie
six houres betwixt the time of their departures out of this world; which caused no lesse lamentation
through the whole realme, than there was ioy at their births. After this, the queene went vnto saint
Iohns towne, where she was hono|rablie receiued with great triumph made by the towne. She was accompanied
with the principall The king and queene at A|berden. men of the countrie, and
from thence she roade to Aberden, the king then being come vnto hir, where, by the towne and vniuersitie
they were receiued with great ioy, triumph, pageants, verses, & plaies, set foorth in the best
maner for their pastime. They remained there the space of fiftéene daies, and were highlie interteined by
the bishop of that place.
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1
2
3 There were
exercises and disputations held in all kind of sciences in the colleges and schooles, with diuerse
orations made in Greeke, Latine, and other languages, to the high praise and commendation of the maisters
& students in that vniuersitie. From thence the king with the quéene returned to Dun|dee, EEBO page image 322 where a costlie entrie was prepared for them al|so, and after they had béene right
princelie intertei|ned there, they came to Falkeland. In the moneth of Maie, sir Iohn Borthwike,
commonlie called capteine Borthwike, suspected, defamed, and accu|sed of heresie, was summoned to appeare
in saint Capteine Borthwike accused of he|resie. Andrews before the cardinall,
and diuerse other bi|shops and prelats there present, where (notwithstan|ding his absence) the same being
prooued by suffici|ent witnesse against him (as was thought) he was
conuicted and declared an heretike. An image was made to resemble him, and at the market crosse of the
said citie, as a signe and memoriall of his con|demnation, it was burned, to the feare of others, but he
himselfe escaped their hands and got into England, where he was receiued.
Fr. Thin. Lesleus lib. 9. pag. 453. The king of Scots (hearing of the
maner of the king of England, and how he honored himselfe) tooke in euill part, that the king of England
in all generall assemblies of the states of Ireland did call himselfe
king of Ireland, when all his predecessors before were onelie intituled by the names of lords of Ireland.
For by that new title, king Iames his authoritie did seeme to be diminished, when the king of England did
write himselfe king of all Ireland: A small por|tion in déed. whereof a portion
by manie ages was vnder the rule of the king of Scots. Yet at length K. Iames did yéeld therevnto; and
that the rather, because the king of England vnder this title and authoritie, did not dispossesse the
heires of the Scot Makeconell; and other his Scots of those lands which
they there inioied in that countrie.]
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1 This yeare
the king of England aduertised of the 1541. The king of England sen|deth to the king
of Scots. meeting of the emperor, the French king, and pope, at the citie of Nice, doubting
some practise to be de|uised there against him, sent to the king of Scot|land the bishop of saint Dauids,
& the lord William Howard, desiring him as his most tender kinsman and nephue, to méete him at
the citie of Yorke in England, where he would communicat such things
with him, as should be for the weale of both the realmes. And therewith the king of England, tru|sting
that the king of Scotland would haue fulfilled his desire, caused great preparation to be made at Yorke
for the receiuing of him. But albeit the king of Scotland was willing of himselfe to haue passed into
England, to haue met and séene his vncle; yet after long reasoning and deliberation of his coun|cell and
prelats [especiallie Iames Beton bishop of saint Andrews, and George Crichtoune bishop of
Fr. Thin. Aberden (as saith Buchanan. lib. 14.] assembled for that
purpose, casting in their minds (as they tooke it) what danger might fall to him and his realme, if he
should passe into England, in case he should be stai|ed and holden there, contrarie to his will, as king
Iames his predecessor was, hauing no succession of his bodie.
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1 And
againe, for that it was certeinelie knowen, that the principall cause, why the king of England required
this meeting or interuiew, was to persuade the king of Scotland to vse
the like order in Scot|land, as he had doone within his realme of England, in abolishing the popes
authoritie, making himselfe supreame head of the church, expelling religious per|sons out of their
houses, and seizing the iewels of their houses, their lands and rents, and such like in|formation. And if
it chanced the king should attempt the like, they should lose the friendship which was betwixt him, the
pope, the emperor, and French king, that were his great friends and confederats. Here|vpon they persuaded
him to staie, and by their aduise sent pleasant letters & messages vnto the said king of England,
desiring him to haue him excused, for that he could not come into England at that time, hauing such lets
and causes of abiding at home, as shortlie he should vnderstand by his ambassadors, whom he ment to send
to him, as well for this mai|ter as other causes. And shortlie after sir Iames Leirmouth was appointed to
go as ambassador in|to Sir Iames Leirmouth ambassador into England England, as
well to make the kings excuse for his not comming to méet the king of England at Yorke; as also to make
complaint vpon certeine inuasions made by the borderers of England into Scotland, and also for the vsing
of the debatable ground betwixt the two realmes.
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1
2 But the
king of England sore offended that the king of Scots would not satisfie his request, to 1542. The king of England meaneth to make warre into Scot|land. meet him at Yorke
(as before is recited, would ad|mit no excuse, but determined to make warre into Scotland, albeit as the
Scotishmen allege, he would not suffer the same to be vnderstood, till he had pre|pared all things in a
redinesse. In the meane time he sent commissioners to méet with the Scots commis|sioners vpon the
debatable ground, to talke for re|dresse to be made of harmes doone vpon the borders, but no good
conclusion could be agréed vpon by these commissioners, neither touching the debatable land, nor yet for
reparing of wrongs doone by the inuasi|ons. ¶ But that the truth concerning the causes of this war, moued
at this present by that noble prince king Henrie the eight, may the better appeare; I haue thought good
here to set downe the same, as they were drawen foorth and published in print to the whole world by the
said king in a little pamphlet, vn|der this title.