Compare 1587 edition: 1 There was of late dayes one of the Péeres of England ſent to Weiſeford as Commiſſi|oner, [...]he ſay| [...] of a no [...] man [...]ching [...] Eng| [...]he of [...]ſforde. to decide the controuerſies of that coũ|trey, and earing in affable wiſe the rude com|plaintes of the countrey clownes, he concey|ued here and there, ſometyme a worde, other whyles a ſentence. The noble man beyng ve|ry glad that vpon hys firſt commyng to Ire|land, he vnderſtood ſo many wordes, told one of hys familiar frends, that he ſtoode in very great hope, to become ſhortly a well ſpoken man in the Iriſhe, ſuppoſing that the blunte people had pratled Iriſhe, all the while they iangled Engliſhe. Howbeit to this day, the dregs of the olde auncient Chaucer Engliſh, are kept as well there as in Fingall. [...] Eng|liſhe in [...]ſford [...] Fingall. As they terme a ſpider, an attercop, a wiſpe, a wad, a lumpe of bread, a pocket or a pucket, a Sil|libuck, a copprouſe, a faggot, a bleaſe, or a blaze, for the ſhort burning of it, as I iudge, a Phiſition, a leache, a gappe, a ſharde, a baſe court or quadrangle, a bawen, or rather, as I ſuppoſe, a barton: y^e houſehold or folkes, meany: Sharppe, kéene, eſtraunge, vncouth, eaſie, éeth or éefe, a dunghill, a mizen, as for the worde bater, that in Engliſh purporteth a lane, [...]er. bearing to an high way, I take it for a méere Iriſhe worde, that crepte vnawares into the Engliſh, thorough the daily enter|courſe of the Engliſh and Iriſh inhabitants. And where as commonly in all countreys, the women ſpeake moſt neately and pertely, whiche Tully in hys thirde booke de Oratore, ſpeakyng in the perſon of Graſſus, ſéemed to haue obſerued,The pro|nunciation [...] Iriſhe [...]men. yet notwithſtandyng in Ire|land it falloth out contrary. For the women haue in theyr Engliſh tongue an harriſh and broade kynd of pronunciation, with vtteryng their wordes ſo péeuiſhly & faintly, as though they were halfe ſicke, and ready to call for a poſſette. And moſt commonly in wordes of two ſillables, they giue the laſt the accent. As they ſay, Markeate, Baſkeate, Goſſoupe, Puſſoate, Robart, Niclaſe, &c. which doubt|leſſe doth diſbeautifie their Engliſhe aboue meaſure. And if they could be weaned from that corrupt cuſtom, there is none that could diſlyke of their Engliſh.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 Here percaſe ſome ſnappiſh carper will take mée at rebounde, and ſnuffingly ſnibbe me, for debacing the Iriſh language. But truely whoſoeuer ſhall be founde ſo ouerthwarlly bent, he takes the matter far awrie. For as my ſkill is very ſimple there in, ſo I woulde be loath, to diſueyle my raſhneſſe, in giuing light verdict in any thing to me vnknowen: But onely my ſhort diſcourſe tendeth to this drift, that it is not expedient, that the Iriſhe tongue ſhoulde be ſo vniuerſally gagled in in the Engliſh pale, bycauſe that by proofe & experience we ſee, that the pale was in neuer more floriſhing eſtate, thẽ when it was whol|ly Engliſh, & neuer in woorſe plight, thẽ ſince it hath enfraunchyſed the Iriſhe.The ſu|perſtition of Game|ſters. But ſome will ſay, that I ſhewe my ſelfe herein as fri|uoulous, as ſome looſing gameſters ſéeme ſu|perſtitious, when they play themſelfes drye, they gogle wyth their eyes hither and thy|ther, and if they can pyre out any one, that gi|ueth, them the gaze, they ſtande lumping and lowring, fretting and fuming, for that they imagine, that all theyr euill lucke procéeded of hym. And yet if the ſtander by departe, the looſer may be founde as dryſhauen, as he was before. And euen ſo it fareth wyth you, bycauſe you ſée all things runne to ruine in the Engliſhe pale, by reaſon of great enor|mities in the countrey, eyther openly praui|ſed, or couertlye wyncked at, you glaunce your eye on that, which ſtandeth next you, & by beating Iacke for Iyll, you impute the fault to that, which perhappes woulde little further the wealepublicke, if it were exiled. Now truely you ſhoote very néere the mark. But it I may craue your patience, to tyme you ſée me ſhoote my bolt, I hope you will not deny, but that as néere the pricke as you are, & as very an hagler as I am, yet the ſcant|ling ſhall be myne. Firſt therefore take this wyth you, that a conqueſt draweth,A conqueſt implyeth 3. thinges. or at the leaſt wyſe ought to drawe to it, thrée things, to witte, law, apparayle, and languague. For where the countrey is ſubdued, there the in|habitants ought to be ruled by the ſame law that the cõquerour is gouerned, to weare the ſame faſhion of attyre, wherewith the vic|tour is veſted, & ſpeake the ſame language, that the vanquiſher parleth. And if anye of theſe thrée lacke, doubtleſſe the conqueſt liue|peth. Now whereas Irelande hath béene, by lawfull conqueſt, brought vnder the ſubiectiõ of Englande, not onelye in king Henry the ſecond his reigne, but alſo as well before, as after (as by the courſe of the Iriſh hyſtorye ſhal euidently be deciphered) & the conqueſt hath béene ſo abſolute and perfect, that all Leinſter, Méeth, Vlſter, the more parte of Connaght, and Mounſter, all the Ciuities & Burronghes in Irelande, haue béene wholly Engliſhed, and with Engliſhe conquerours inhabited, is it decent, thinke you, that theyr owne auncient natiue tongue ſhal be ſhrow|ded in obliuion, and ſuffer the enemies lan|guage, as it were a tettarre, or ringwoorme, EEBO page image 576 to herborow it ſelf within the iawes of Eng|liſhe conquerours? no truely. And nowe that I haue fallen vnawares into this diſcourſe, it will not be far amiſſe to ſtande ſomewhat roundly vpon this poynt. It is knowen, and by the hyſtorie, you maye in part perceyue, how brauely Vlſter Whillon flooriſhed. The Engliſhe families were there implanted, the Iriſh, eyther vtterly expelled, or wholly ſub|dued, the lawes duely executed, the reuenue great, and onely Engliſh ſpoken. But what brought it to this preſent ruine and decaye? I doubt not, but you geſſe, before I tell you. They were enuironned & cõpaſſed with euill neighbours. Neighbourhoode bredde acquain|tance, acquaintance wafted in y^e Iriſh tõgue, the Iriſhe hooked with it attyre, attyre haled rudenes, rudeneſſe engendred ignorãce, igno|raunce brought contempt of lawes, the con|tempt of lawes bred rebelliõ, rebellion raked thereto warres, and ſo cõſequently the vtter decay and deſolatiõ of that worthy countrey.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 If theſe chinkes, when firſt they beganne to chappe, had béene diligently by the dwellers ſtopt, hir Maieſtie at this daye, to hir great charges, ſhoulde not haue béene occaſioned, to damme vp with many thouſand poundes, yea & with the woorthy carkaſſes of valiaunt ſouldiours, the gaps of that rebellious Nor|thren countrey. Now put the caſe that the I|riſhe tongue were as ſacred as the Hebrewe, as learned as the Gréeke, as fluent as the latin, as amarous as y^e Italian, as courtious as the Hiſpaniſh, as courtelike as y^e French, yet truely (I know not which way it falleth out) I ſée not, but it may be very well ſpared in the Engliſhe pale. And if reaſon will not leade you to thinke it, truely experience muſt force you to graunt it. In olde time when the Romaines were firſt acquaynted wyth the Gréeke tongue, as it is cõmonly the nature of mã to be delighted with newfangle wares, ſo he was accompted no gallant among the Romaines, that coulde not prattle & chatte Gréeke.Cic lib. 2. de orat. Marcus Cicero, father vnto Tully, being at that tyme ſtept in yeres, perceyuing hys countreymen to become changelings, in being bylwyſe and polmadde, & to ſuck with the Gréeke the conditions of the Grecians, as to be in wordes talkatiue, in behauiour light, in condicions quaint, in maners haute, in promiſes vnſtedfaſt, in othes raſh, in bar|gaines wauering (which were reckened for Gréekiſh properties in thoſe dayes) the olde gentleman not ſo much reſpecting the neate|neſſe of the language, as the naughty fruite it brought wyth it, ſayde, that his countrey|men, the Romaynes, reſembled the bonde ſlaues of Siria. For y^e more parfit they were in the Gréeke, the woorſe they were in theyr maners and lyfe. If this gentleman had bene now liuing and had ſéene what alteratiõ hath happened in Irelãd, through the entrecourſe of languages, he woulde, I dare ſaye, breake patience, & woulde demaunde, why the Eng|liſhe pale is more giuen to learne the Iriſhe, then the Iriſhman is willing to learne Eng|liſhe? we muſt embrace their language, and they deteſt oures. One demaunded meryly,O Neale why he would n [...] lerne En+gliſhe. why O Neale, that laſt was, would not frame himſelfe to ſpeake Engliſh? what: quoth the other, in a rage, thinkeſt thou, that it ſtandeth with O Neale his honor, to wryeth his mouth in clattering Engliſhe? and yet forſooth we muſt gagge our iawes in gybbriſhing Iriſh. But I dwelt to long in ſo apparẽt a matter. As all the ciuities and townes in Irelande, wyth Fingall, the king his lande, Méeth the Coũtey of Kildare, Louth, Weiſford, ſpeake to this day Engliſhe (whereby the ſimplicitie of ſome is to be derided, that iudge the inha|bitantes of the Engliſhe pale, vpon their firſt repayre to England, to learne their Engliſh in thrée or foure dayes, as though they had bought at Cheſter a groates woorth of Eng|liſhe, and ſo packt vp the reaſt to be caryed after them to London) euen ſo in all other pla|ces their natiue language is Iriſhe.