1.7. Into how manie kingdoms this Iland hath beene diuided. Cap. 7.
Into how manie kingdoms this Iland hath beene diuided. Cap. 7.
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1 _IT is not to be
doubted,Britaine at the first one entire
king|dome. but that at the first, the whole Iland was ruled by
one onelie prince, and so continued from time to time, vntill ciuill
discord, grounded vpõ ambitious desire to reigne, caused the same to be
gouerned by diuerse. And this I meane so well of the time before the
comming of Brute, as af|ter the extinction of his whole race &
posteritie. Howbe|it, as it is vncerteine into how manie regions it was
seuered, after the first partition; so it is most sure that this latter
disturbed estate of regiment, continued in the same, not onelie vntill
the time of Caesar, but also in maner vnto the daies of
Lucius,
with whome the whole race of the Britons had an end, and the Romans
full possession of this Iland, who gouerned it by Legats after the maner
of prouince. It should séeme also that within a while after the time of
Dunwallon
(who ra|ther brought those foure princes that vsurped in his time
to obedience, than extinguished their titles, & such partition as
they had made of the Iland among them|selues) EEBO page image 15 each great
citie had hir fréedome and seuerall kind of regiment, proper vnto hir
selfe, beside a large circuit of the countrie appertinent vnto the same,
wherein were sundrie other cities also of lesse name, which owght homage
and all subiection vnto the great|ter sort. And to saie truth, hereof it
came to passe, that each of these regions, whereinto this Iland was then
diuided, tooke his name of some one of these cities; al|though
Ciuitas after Caesar doth sometime signifie an whole
continent or kingdome, whereby there were in old time Tot ciuitates quot regna, and
contrariwise as may appeare by that of the
Trinobantes
, which was so called of Trinobantum the chiefe
citie of that portion, whose territories conteined all Essex, Middlesex,
and part of Hertfordshire, euen as the iurisdiction of the bishop of
London is now extended, for the ouersight of such things as belong vnto
the church. Ech of the go|uernors also of these regions, called
themselues kings, and therevnto either of them dailie made warre vpon
other, for the inlarging of their limits. But for somuch as I am not able to saie how manie did challenge this
authoritie at once, and how long they reigned ouer their seuerall
portions, I will passe ouer these ancient times, and come néerer vnto our
owne, I meane the 600. yéere of Christ, whereof we haue more certeine
no|tice, & at which season there is euident proofe, that there were
twelue or thirtéene kings reigning in this Iland.
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1 We find therefore for
the first, how that Wales had hir thrée seuerall kingdomes,Wales di|uided into three king|domes. which being
accompted togither conteined (as
Giraldus
saith) 49. cantreds or cantons
(whereof thrée were in his time possessed by the French and English)
although that whole portion of the Iland extended in those daies no
farder than a|bout 200. miles in length, and one hundred in bredth, and
was cut from Lhoegres by the riuers Sauerne and Dée, of which
two streames this dooth fall into the Irish sea at Westchester, the other
into the maine O|cean, betwixt Somersetshire and Southwales, as their
seuerall courses shall witnesse more at large.
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1 In the begining it was
diuided into two kingdoms onelie, that
is to saie, Venedotia or Gwynhedh
G [...]inhed. (other|wise called Dehenbarth) and
Demetia, for which we now vse most cõmonlie the names of
South & North|wales. But in a short processe of time a third sprung
vp in the verie middest betwéene them both, which from thence-foorth was
called Powisy, as shalbe shewed here|after. For
Roderijc the great
, who flourished 850. of Christ, and was king of all Wales (which
then contei|ned onlie six regions) leauing thrée sons behind him, by his
last will & testament diuided the countrie into thrée portions, according to the number of his
children, of which he assigned one vnto either of them, wherby
Mor|wing or Morwinner had Gwynhedh or
Northwales, Cadelh Demetia or Southwales, and Anaralt
Powisy, as Giraldus and other doo remember. Howbeit it
came to passe that after this diuision, Cadelh suruiued all his
brethren, and thereby became lord of both their porti|ons, and his
successors after him vntill the time of Teu|ther or
Theodor (all is one) after which they were con|tended to
kéepe themselues within the compasse of De|metia,
which (as I said) conteined 29. of
those 49. can|treds before mentioned, as Powisy did six, and
Gwin|hedh fouretéene, except my memorie doo faile me.
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1 The first of these
thrée, being called as (I said) North|wales or Venedotia
Venedotia. (or as
Paulus Iouius
saith Malfa|brene, for he diuideth Wales also into thrée
regions, of which he calleth the first Dumbera, the second
Berfrona, and the third Malfabrene) lieth directlie
ouer against the Ile of Anglesei, the chiefe citie whereof stood in the
Ile of AnglesetAnglesei. and was called
Aberfraw. It conteineth 4. regions, of which the said Iland
is the first, and whereof in the chapter insuing I will intreate more at
large. The second is called Arfon,Arfon. and
situate betwéene two riuers,Merioneth. the
Segwy and the Conwy. The third is Me|rioneth, and as it is seuered from
Arfon by the Con|wy, so is it separated from TegeniaStradcluyd or Tegenia. (otherwise called Stradcluyd and Igenia
the fourth region) by the riuer Cluda. Finallie, the limits of this
latter are extended also euen vnto the Dée it selfe, and of these foure
regi|ons consisteth the kingdome of Venedotia, whereof in times
past the region of the Canges was not the smal|lest portion.
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1 The kingdome of
Powisy, last of all erected,Powisy. as I said,
hath on the north side Gwinhedh, on the east (from Chester to Hereford,
or rather to Deane forest) Eng|land, on the south and west the riuer Wy
and verie high hilles, whereby it is notablie seuered from South|wales,
the chiefe citie thereof being at the first Salops|burg, in old time
Pengwerne, and Ynwithig, but now Shrowesburie, a citie or towne raised
out of the ruines of
Vricouium
, which (standing 4. miles from thence, and by the Saxons
called Wrekencester and Wroke|cester, before they ouerthrew it) is now
inhabited with méere English, and where in old time the kings of Powisy
did dwell and hold their palaces, till English|men draue them from thence
to Matrauall
in the same prouince, where they from thencefoorth aboad. Upon the
limits of this kingdome, and not far from Holt ca|stell, upon ech side of
the riuer, as the chanell now run|neth, stood sometime the famous monasterie of Ban|gor
,Bangor. whilest the abated glorie of the
Britons yet remai|ned vnextinguished, and herein were 2100. monkes, of
which, the learned sort did preach the Gospell, and the vnlearned labored
with their hands, thereby to main|teine themselues, and to sustaine their
preachers. This region was in like sort diuided afterward in twaine, of
which,Mailrosse. the one was called Mailor or Mailrosse
, the other reteined still hir old denomination, and of these the
first laie by south, & the latter by north of the Sauerne.
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1
2 As touching Mailrosse,
I read moreouer in the gests of
Fowkes de Warren
,
Fowkes de Warren. how that one William sonne to
a certeine ladie sister to Paine Peuerell, the first lord of Whittington,
after the conquest did win a part of the same, and the hundred of
Ellesmore from the Welshmen, in which enterprise he was so desperat|lie
wounded, that no man hight him life; yet at the last by eating of the
shield of a wild bore, he got an appetite and recouered his health. This
William had issue two daughters,Helene.
Mellent. to wit, Helene maried to the heire of the
Alans, and Mellent which refused mariage with anie man, except
he were frist tried to be a knight of prow|esse. Herevpon hir father made
proclamation, that a|gainst such a daie & at such a place, whatsoeuer
Gentle|man could shew himselfe most valiant in the field, should marrie
Mellent his daughter, & haue with hir his castell of Whittington with
sufficient liueliehood to mainteine their estates for euer. This report
being spred, Fowkes de Warren came thither all in red, with a
shield of siluer and pecocke for his crest, whereof he was called the red
knight, and there ouercomming the kings sonne of Scotland, and a Baron of
Burgundie, he maried the maid, and by hir had issue as in the trea|tise
appeareth. There is yet great mention of the red knight in the countrie
there about; and much like vnto this Mellent was the daughter sometime of
one of the lord Rosses, called Kudall, who bare such good will
to Fitz-Henrie clarke of hir fathers kitchen,The
origi|nall of Fitz-Henries. that she made him carie hir awaie
on horssebacke behind him, onlie for his manhood sake, which presentlie
was tried. For being pursued & ouer taken, she made him light, &
held his cloke whilest he killed and draue hir fathers men to flight: and
then awaie they go, till hir father conceiuing a good opinion of
Fitz-Henrie for this act, receiued him to his fauour, whereby that
familie came vp. And thus much (by the waie) of Mailrosse, whereof this
may suffice, sith mine intent is not as now to make anie precise
description of the particulars of Wales; but onelie to shew how those
regions laie, EEBO page image 16 which sometime were knowne to be gouerned
in that countrie.Demetia. The third kingdome is
Demetia, or South|wales, sometime knowne for the region of the Syl|lures
, wherevnto I also am persuaded, that the Ordo|lukes
laie in the east part thereof, and extended their re|gion euen
vnto the Sauerne: but howsoeuer that mat|ter falleth out, Demetia hath
the Sauerne on hir south, the Irish sea on hir west parts, on the east
the Sauerne onelie, and by north the land of Powisy, whereof I spake of
late.
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1 Of this region also
Caermarden, which the old wri|ters call
Maridunum
,
Cair Mari|dunum. was the chéefe citie and
palace belonging to the kings of Southwales, vntill at the last through
forren and ciuill inuasions of enimies, the princes thereof were
constrained to remooue their courts to Dinefar
(which is in Cantermawr, and si|tuate neuerthelesse vpon the same
riuer Tewy, wher|on Caermarden standeth) in which place it is far better
defended with high hils, thicke woods, craggie rocks, and déepe marises.
In this region also lieth Pembroke
aliàs Penmoroc shire, whose fawcons haue béene in old time very
much regarded, and therein likewise in Mil|ford hauen, whereof the Welsh
wisards doo yet dreame strange toies, which they beleeue shall one daie
come to passe. For they are a nation much giuen to fortelling of things
to come, but more to beléeue such blind pro|phesies as haue béene made of
old time, and no man is accompted for learned in Wales that is not
supposed to haue the spirit of prophesie.
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1 That Scotland had in
those daies two kingdoms,Pictland. Scotland. Picts.
Scots.
(besides that of the Orchades) whereof
the one consisted of the Picts, and was called Pightland or Pictland, the
other of the Irish race, and named Scotland: I hope no wise man will
readilie denie. The whole region or portion of the Ile beyond the Scotish
sea also was so diuided, that the Picts laie on the east side, and the
Scots on the west, ech of them being seuered from o|ther, either by huge
hils or great lakes and riuers, that ran out of the south into the north
betwéene them. It séemeth also that at the first these two kingdoms
were diuided from the rest of those
of the Britons by the ri|uers Cluda and Forth, till both of them desirous
to in|large their dominions, draue the Britons ouer the Solue and the
Twede, which then became march be|twéene both the nations. Wherefore the
case being so plaine, I will saie no more of these two, but procéed in
order with the rehersall of the rest of the particular-kingdoms of this
our south part of the Ile, limiting out the same by shires as they now
lie, so néere as I can, for otherwise it shall be vnpossible for me to
leaue certaine notice of the
likeliest quantities of these their seuerall portions.
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1 The first of these
kingdoms therefore was begunne in Kent by Henghist in the 456.
of Christ,Kent Hen|ghist. and thereof called
the kingdome of Kent or Cantwarland, and as the limits thereof extended
it selfe no farther than the said countie (the cheefe citie whereof was
Dorobernia or Cantwarbyry now Canturburie) so it indured well
néere by the space of 400. yeares, before it was made and earledome or
Heretochie, and vnited by Inas vnto that
of the West Saxons,
Athelstane
his sonne, being the first Earle or Heretoch of the same. Maister Lam|bert in his historie of
Kent
dooth gather, by verie proba|ble coniectures, that this part of
the Iland was first in|habited by Samothes, and afterward by
Albion. But howsoeuer that case standeth, sure it is that it
hath béen the onlie doore, whereby the Romans and Saxons made their
entrie vnto the conquest of the region, but first of all Caesar,
who entred into this Iland vpon the eightéenth Cal. or 14. of September,
which was foure daies before the full of the moone, as he himselfe
confes|seth, and then fell out about the 17. or 18. of that mo|neth,
twelue daies before the equinoctiall (apparant) so that he did not tarrie
at that time aboue eight or ten daies in Britaine. And as this platforme
cannot be de|nied for his entrance, so the said region and east part of
Kent, was the onelie place by which the knowledge of Christ was first
brought ouer vnto vs, whereby we became partakers of saluation, and from
the darke|nesse of mistie errour, true conuerts vnto the light and bright
beames of the shining truth, to our eternall be|nefit and euerlasting
comforts.
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1 The second kingdome
conteined onelie Sussex,South sax Esta. and a
part of (or as some saie all) Surrie, which Ella the Saxon first
held: who also erected his chéefe palace at Chichester, when he had
destroied
Andredswald
in the 492. of Christ. And after it had continued by the space of
232. years, it ceased, being the verie least kingdome of all the rest,
which were founded in this Ile after the comming of the Saxons (for to
saie truth, it conteined little aboue 7000.
families
) & within a while after the erection of the kingdome of the
Gewisses or West sax|ons, notwithstanding that before the
kings of Sussex pretended and made claime to all that which laie west of
Kent, and south of the Thames, vnto the point of Corinwall, as I haue
often read.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The third regiment was
of the East Saxons,Eastsa [...]. Erkenwiin. or Trinobantes. This kingdome began
vnder
Erken|wijn,
whose chéefe seat was in London (or rather Col|chester) and
conteined whole Essex, Middlesex, and part of Herfordshire. It indured
also much about the pricke of 303. yeares, and was diuided from that of
the East Angles onlie by the riuer Stoure, as
Houeden
and o|thers doo report, & so it continueth separated from
Suf|folke euen vnto our times, although the said riuer be now growne
verie small, and not of such greatnesse as it hath béene in times past,
by reason that our countrie|men make small accompt of riuers, thinking
carriage made by horsse and cart to be the lesse chargeable waie. But herin how far they are deceiued, I will
else-where make manifest declaration.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The fourth kingdome
was of the West Saxons,Westsax. and so called,
bicause it laie in the west part of the realme, as that of Essex did in
the east, and of Sussex in the south. It began in the yeare of Grace 519.
vn|der Cerdije,Cerdiic. and indured vntill the
comming of the Normans, including at the last all Wiltshire, Bar
ke|shire, Dorset, Southampton, Somersetshire, Glocester+shire, some part
of Deuonshire (which the Britons occu|pied not) Cornewall, and the rest
of Surrie, as the best authors doo set downe. At the first it conteined
onelie Wiltshire, Dorcetshire, and Barkeshire, but yer long the princes
thereof conquered whatsoeuer the kings of Sussex and the Britons held
vnto the point of Corne|wall, and then became first Dorchester (vntill
the time of Kinigils) then Winchester the chéefe citie of that
kingdome. For when Birinus the moonke
came into England, the said Kinigils gaue him Dorchester, and
all the land within seauen miles about,
toward the maintenance of his cathedrall sea, by meanes where|of
he himselfe remooued his palace to Winchester.
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1 The first kingdome
began vnder Ida,Brennicia, aliàs
Nor|thumber|land. Ida. in the 548. of Christ, and was called
Northumberland, bicause it laie by north of the riuer Humber. And from
the comming of Henghist to this Ida, it was onlie gouerned by
earls or Heretoches as an Heretochy, till the said Ida
conuer|ted it into a kingdome. It conteined all that region which (as it
should séeme) was in time past either wholie apperteining to the
Brigants; or whereof the said Bri|gants did possesse
the greater part. The cheefe citie of the same in like maner was Yorke,
as Beda, Capgraue, Leyland, and others doo set downe, who ad
thereto that it extended from the Humber vnto the Scotish sea, vn|till
the slaughter of
Egfride
of the Northumbers, after which time the Picts gat hold of all,
betweene the Forth and the Twede, which afterward descending to the Scots
by meanes of the vtter destruction of the Picts, hath not béene sithens
vnited to the crowne EEBO page image 17 of England, nor in possession of the
meere English, as before time it had béene. Such was the crueltie of
these Picts also in their recouerie of the same, that at a cer|teine
houre they made a Sicilien euensong, and slew euerie English
man, woman and child, that they could laie hold vpon within the aforesaid
region, but some es|caped narrowlie, and saued themselues by flight.
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1 Afterward in the yeare
of Grace 560. it was parted in twaine,Deira.
Ella. vnder Adda, that yeelded vp all his portion, which lay
betweene Humber and the Tine vnto his
brother Ella (according to their fathers appointment) who called it
Deira, or Southumberland, but reteining the rest still vnto
his owne vse, he diminished not his title, but wrote himselfe as before
king of all Northum|berland. Howbeit after 91. yeares, it was revnited
a|gaine, and so continued vntill
Alfred
annexed the whole to his kingdome, in the 331. after Ida, or 878.
of the birth of Iesus Christ our Sauiour.
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1 The seauenth
kingdome,Eastangles Offa, à quo Offlingae.
called of the East-angles, began at Norwich in the 561. after Christ,
vnder Of|fa, of whom the people of that
region were long time called Offlings. This included all Norfolke,
Suffolke, Cambridgeshire, and Elie, and continuing 228. yeares, it
flourished onelie 35. yeares in perfect estate of liber|te, the rest
being consumed vnder the tribut and vassal|lage of the Mercians, who had
the souereigntie thereof, and held it with great honour, till the Danes
gat hold of it, who spoiled it verie sore, so that it became more
miserable than any of the other, and so remained till the kings of the
West-saxons vnited it to their crownes.
Some saie that Grantcester, but now Cambridge (a towne erected out of hir
ruines) was the chéefe citie of this kingdome, and not Norwich. Wherein I
may well shew the discord of writers, but I cannot resolue the scruple.
Some take this region also to be all one with that of the
Icenes
, but as yet for my part I cannot yeeld to their
assertions, I meane it of Leland himselfe, whose helpe I vse chéefelie in
these collections, albeit in this behalfe I am not resolued that he doth
iudge aright.
Compare 1577 edition:
1
2 The 8. & last was
that of Mertia, which indured 291.
yeares, and for greatnesse exceeded all the rest. It tooke the name
either of Mearc the Saxon word, bicause it was march to the rest
(and trulie, the limits of most of the other kingdomes abutted vpon the
same) or else for that the lawes of
Martia
the Queene were first vsed in that part of the Iland.Mertia. Creodda. But as this later is but a méere
coniecture of some, so the said kingdome began vnder Creodda, in
the 585. of Christ, & indured well néere 300. yeares before it was
vnited to that of the West-saxons by Alfred, then reigning in
this Ile. Before him the Danes had
gotten hold thereof, and placed one
Ceo|lulph
an idiot in the same; but as he was soone reiec|ted for his follie,
so it was not long after yer the said Alfred (I saie) annexed it
to his kingdome by his man|hood. The limits of the Mertian dominions
included Lincolne,Limits of Mertia.
Northampton, Chester, Darbie, Notting|ham, Stafford, Huntington,
Rutland, Oxford, Buc|kingham, Worcester, Bedford shires, and the greatest
part of Shropshire (which the Welsh occupied not) Lan|caster, Glocester,
Hereford (aliàs Hurchford) Warwijc and Hertford shires: the rest
of whose territories were holden by such princes of other kingdomes
through force as bordered vpon the same. Moreouer, this king|dome was at
one time diuided into south and north Mertia, whereof this laie
beyond and the other on this side of the Trent, which later also Oswald of Northum|berland did giue to Weada the
sonne of Penda for kindred sake
, though he not long inioied it. This also is worthie to be noted,
that in these eight kingdomes of the Saxons, there were twelue princes
reputed in the popish Catalog for saints or martyrs, of which
Alci|mund, Edwine, Oswald, Oswijn and Aldwold
reigned in Northumberland;
Sigebert, Ethelbert, Edmond, and another Sigebert
among the Estangels;
Kenelme and Wistan
in Mertia; and Saint Edward
the confessor
, ouer all; but how worthilie, I referre me to the iudge|ment of
the learned. Thus much haue I thought good to leaue in memorie of the
aforesaid kingdomes: and now will I speake somewhat of the diuision of
this I|land also into prouinces, as the Romanes seuered it whiles they
remained in these parts. Which being done, I hope that I haue discharged
whatsoeuer is promised in the title of this chapter.
Compare 1577 edition:
1 The Romans therefore
hauing obteined the posses|sion of this Iland, diuided the same at the
last into fiue prouinces, as
Vibius Sequester
saith. The first whereof was named
Britannia prima,
Britannia prima. and conteined the east part of
England (as some doo gather) from the Trent vnto the Twede.Valentia. The second was called
Valentia or Valentiana,
and included the west side, as they note it, from Lirpoole vnto
Cokermouth.Britannia secunda. The third
hight
Bri|tannia secunda
, and was that portion of the Ile which laie southwards,
betwéene the Trent and the Thames. The fourth was surnamed
Flauia Caesariensis
,
Flauia Cae|sariensis. and con|teined all the
countrie which remained betweene Do|uer and the Sauerne, I meane by south
of the Thames, and wherevnto (in like sort) Cornewall and Wales were
orderlie assigned. The fift and last part was then named
Maxima Caesariensis,
Maxima Caesariensis now Scotland, the most
barren of all the rest, and yet not vnsought out of the gréedie Romanes,
bicause of the great plentie of fish and foule, fine alabaster and hard
marble that are in|gendred and to be had in the same, for furniture of
houshold and curious building, wherein they much deli|ted. More hereof in
Sextus Rufus
, who liued in the daies of
Valentine
, and wrate
Notitiam prouinciarum
now ex|tant to be read.
1.7.1. A Catalog of the kings and princes of this Iland, first from
Samothes vnto the birth of our sauiour Christ, or rather the comming
of the Romans: secondlie of their Legates: thirdlie of the Saxon
princes according to their seuerall kingdomes: fourthlie of the Danes,
and lastlie of the Normans and English princes, accor|ding to the
truth conteined in our Histories.
A Catalog of the kings and princes of this Iland, first from
Samothes vnto the birth of our sauiour Christ, or rather the comming
of the Romans: secondlie of their Legates: thirdlie of the Saxon
princes according to their seuerall kingdomes: fourthlie of the Danes,
and lastlie of the Normans and English princes, accor|ding to the
truth conteined in our Histories.
Of the kings of Bri|taine, from Samothes to Brute.
- SAmothes.
- Magus.
- Sarronius.
- Druiyus.
- Bardus.
- Longho.
- Bardus Iunior.
- Lucus.
- Celtes.
- Albion.
- Celtes after Albion slaine.
- Galates.
- Harbon.
- Lugdus.
- Beligius.
- Iasius.
- Allobrox.
- Romus.
- Paris.
- Lemanus.
- Olbius.
- Galates 2.
- Nannes.
- Remis.
- Francus.
- Pictus.
After whom
Brute entreth into the Iland, either neglected by the
Celts, or otherwise by conquest, and reigned therein with
his posteritie by the space of 636. yeares, in such order as
foloweth.
- Brute.
- Locrinus.
-
Gwendolena his widow.
- Madan.
- Mempricius.
- Ebracus.
- Brutus Iunior.
- Leil.
- Rudibras.
- Bladunus
- Leir.
-
Cordeil his daughter.
- Cunedach and Morgan.
- Riuallon.
- Gurgustius.
- Sisillus.
- Iago.
- Kimmachus.
- Gorbodug.
- Ferres and Porrex.
These 2. being
slaine, the prin|ces of the land straue for the superioritie and
regiment of the same, by the space of 50. yéeres (after the race of
Brute was decaied) vntill Dunwal|lon king of
Cornwall subdued them all, & brought the whole to his
subiection, notwithstan|ding EEBO page image 18 that the aforesaid
num|ber of kings remained still, which were but as vassals &
inferiours to him, he being their chéefe and onelie soue|reigne.
-
Dunwallon reigneth.
-
Belinus his sonne, in whose tune Brennus
vsurpeth.
- Gurgwinbatrus.
- Guittellinus.
- Seisill.
- Kymarus.
- Owan aliàs Ellan.
- Morwich aliàs Morindus.
- Grandobodian aliàs Gorbonian.
- Arcigallon.
- Elidurus aliàs Hesidor.
-
Arcigallon againe.
-
Elidurus againe.
- Vigen aliàs Higanius, & Petitur aliàs
Petidurus.
-
Elidurus the third time.
- Gorbodia aliàs Gorbonian.
- Morgan.
- Meriones aliàs Eighuans.
- Idouallon.
- Rhimo Rohugo.
- Geruntius Voghen.
- Catellus.
- Coellus.
- Pyrrho aliàs Porrex.
- Cherinus.
- Fulganius aliàs Sulgenis.
- Eldadus.
- Androgius.
- Vrian.
- Hellindus.
- Dedantius Eldagan.
- Clotenis Claten.
- Gurguintus.
- Merian.
- Bledunus Bledagh.
- Cophenis.
- Owinus aliàs Oghwen.
- Sisillus or Sitsiltus.
- Blegabridus.
- Arcimalus Archiuall.
- Eldadus.
-
Ruthenis thrée moneths.
- Rodingarus aliàs Rodericus.
- Samulius Penysell.
- Pyrrho 2.
- Carporis aliàs Capporis.
- Dynellus aliàs Dygnellus.
-
Hellindus a few moneths.
- Lhoid.
- Casibellane.
- Theomantius.
- Cynobellinus.
- Aruiragus.
- Marius.
- Coellus.
- Lucius.
Hitherto I haue set
foorth the catalog of the kings of Bri|taine, in such sort as it is to
be collected out of the most anci|ent histories, monuments and records
of the land. Now I will set foorth the order and succession of the
Romane ie|gates or deputies, as I haue borowed them first out of
Ta|citus, then Dion, and others: howbeit I cannot
warrant the iust course of them from Iulius Agricola forward,
bi|cause there is no man that re|herseth them orderlie. Yet by this my
dooing herein, I hope some better table may be fra|med hereafter by
other, wher|of I would be glad to vnder|stand when soeuer it shall
please God that it may come to passe.
- Aulus Plautius.
- Ostorius Scapula.
- Didius Gallus.
- Auitus.
-
Veranius a few moneths.
- Petronius Turpilianus.
- Trebellius Maximus.
- Vectius Volanus.
- Petilius Cerealis.
- Iulius Frontinus.
- Iulius Agricola.
Hitherto
Cornelius Tacitus re|herseth these vicegerents or deputies
in order.
- Salustius Lucullus.
- Cneius Trebellius.
- Suetonius Paulinus.
- Calphurnius Agricola.
- Publius Trebellius.
- Pertinax Helrius.
- Vlpius Marcellus.
- Clodius Albinas.
- Heraclius.
- Carus Tyrannus.
- Iunius Seuerus, alias Iulius Se|uerus.
- Liuius Gallus.
- Lollius Vrbicus.
- Maximus.
- Octauius.
- Traherus.
- Maximinianus.
- Gratianus.
- Aetius.
Other Legates whose
names are taken out of the Scotish historie but in incertein
order.
- Fronto sub Antonino.
- Publius Trebellius.
- Aulus Victorinus.
- Lucius Antinoris.
- Quintus Bassianus.
1.7.1.1. Wales. 1.
Wales. 1.
¶The Romans not
regarding the gouernance of this Iland, the Britons ordeine a king
in the 447. after the incarna|tion of Christ.
- VOrtiger.
- Vortimer.
- Aurelius Ambrosius.
- Vther.
- Arthur.
- Constantine.
- Aurelius Conanus.
- Vortiporius.
- Maglocunus.
- Caretius.
- Cadwan.
- Cadwallon.
- Cadwallader.
¶The kingdome of
Wales cea|seth, and the gouernance of the countrie is translated to
the Westsaxons by Inas, whose second wife was
Denwalline the daughter of Cadwallader: &
with hir he not onlie obtei|ned the principalitie of Wales but also
of Corinwall & Ar|morica now called little Bri|taine, which
then was a colo|nie of the Britons, and vnder the kingdome of
Wales.
1.7.1.2. Kent. 2.
Kent. 2.
¶Hengist in the 9. of the recoue|rie of Britaine
proclaimeth himselfe king of Kent, which is the 456. of the birth
of our Lord & sauior Iesus Christ.
- HEngist.
- Osrijc aliàs Osca.
-
Osca his brother.
- Ermenricus.
- Athelbert.
- Eadbaldus.
- Ercombert.
- Ecbert.
- Lother.
- Edrijc.
The seat
void.
- Withredus.
- Adelbert Iunior.
- Eadbert.
- Alrijc.
- Eadbert.
- Guthred.
- Alred.
¶As the kingdome
of Wales was vnited vnto that of the Westsaxons by Inas,
so is the kingdom of Kent, at this pre|sent by Ecbert in
the 827. of Christ, who putteth out Al|dred and maketh
Adelstane his owne base sonne Hertoch of the same, so
that whereas it was before a kingdome, now it becometh an Hertochie
or Dukedome, and so continu|eth for a long time after.
1.7.1.3. Southsex. 3.
Southsex. 3.
¶Ella
in the 46. after Britaine giuen ouer by the Romanes erecteth a
kingdom in South|sex, to wit, in the 492. of Christ whose race
succéedeth in this order.
- ELla.
- Cyssa.
- Ceaulijn.
- Celrijc.
- Kilwulf.
- Kinigils.
- Kinwalch.
- Ethelwold.
- Berthun.
- Aldwijn.
¶This kingdome
endured not verie long as ye may sée, for it was vnited to that of
the Westsaxons by Inas, in the 4689. of the world, which
was the 723. of Christ, according to the vsuall supputation of the
church, and 232. after Ella had erected the same, as is
a|foresaid.
1.7.1.4. Estsex. 4.
Estsex. 4.
¶Erkenwijn in the 527. after our sauiour Christ
beginneth to reigne ouer Estsex, and in the 81. after the returne
of Bri|taine from the Romaine obe|dience.
- ERkenwijn.
- Sledda.
- Sebertus.
- Sepredus and Sywardus.
- Sigebert fil. Syward.
- Sigebert.
- Swithelijn.
- Sijgar and Sebba.
-
Sebba alone.
- Sijgard.
- Offa.
- Selredus.
- Ethelwold.
- Albert.
- Humbcanna.
- Sinthredus.
¶In the 303.
after Erkenwijn, Ecbert of the Westsaxons v|nited the
kingdome of Estsex vnto his owne, which was in the 828. after the
birth of our sauiour Christ. I cannot as yet find the exact yéeres
of the later princes of this realme, and therefore I am
constrai|ned to omit them altogither, as I haue done before in the
kings of the Britons, vntill such time as I may come by such
monuments as may re|store the defect.
1.7.1.5. Westsex. 5.
Westsex. 5.
¶Cerdijc entreth the kingdome of the Westsaxons, in
the 519. of the birth of Christ, & 73. of the abiection of the
Romaine seruitude.
- CErdijc aliàs Cercit.
- Cenrijc.
- Ceaulijn.
- Kilriic aliàs Celrijc.
- Kilwulf.
- Kinigils.
- Ceuwalch.
- Sexburgh.
The seat
void.
- Centwinus.
- Cadwallader.
- Inas.
- Ethelard.
- Cuthredus.
- Sigebert.
- Kinwulf.
- Brithrijc.
- Ecbert.
- Ethelwulf.
- Ethebald.
- Ethelbert.
- Ethelfrid.
- Alfrid.
- Edward. 1.
- Adelstane.
- Edmund.
- Eadred.
- Edwijn.
- Edgar.
- Edward 2.
- Eldred.
- Edmund 2.
- Canutus.
- Harald.
- Canutus 2.
- Edward 3.
- Harald 2.
¶The saxons
hauing reigned hitherto in this land, and brought the same into a
per|fect monarchie, are now dis|possessed by the Normans, & put
out of their hold.
1.7.1.6. Bernicia. 6.
Bernicia. 6.
¶Ida
erecteth a kingdome in the North, which he extended from the Humber
mouth to S. Iohns towne in Scot|land, & called it of the
Nor|thumbers. This was in the 547. after the birth of our sa|uiour
Christ.
- IDa.
- Adda.
- Glappa.
- Tidwaldus.
- Fretwulfus.
- Tidrijc.
- Athelfrid.
- Edwijn.
- Kinfrid.
- Oswald.
- Oswy.
- Egfrid.
- Alfrid.
- Osred.
- Kinred.
- Osrijc.
- Kilwulf.
- Edbert.
- Offulse.
- Ethelwold.
- Elred.
- Ethelred.
- Alswold.
- Osred.
-
EEBO page image 19 Ethelred.
- Osbald.
- Eardulf.
- Aldeswold.
- Eandred.
- Edelred.
- Redwulf.
-
Edelred againe.
- Osbright.
- Ecbert.
-
Ricisiuus a Dane.
-
Ecbert againe.
¶Alfride king of the westsax|ons subdueth this
kingdome in the 878. after our sauiour Christ, and 33. after
Ida.
1.7.1.7. Deira. 7.
Deira. 7.
¶Ella
brother to Adda is ouer the south Humbers, whose kingdome
reched from Hum|ber to the These, in the 590. after the incarnation
of Ie|sus Christ our sauiour.
- ELla.
- Edwijn.
- Athelbright.
-
Edwijn againe,
- Osrijc.
- Oswald.
- Oswijn.
¶Of all the
kingdomes of the Saxons, this of Deira which grew by the
diuision of the kingdome of the Nor|thumbers betwéene the sons of
Ida was of the smallest continuance, & it was
vnited to the Northumbers (wherof it had bene I saie in time past a
member) by Oswijn in the 91. after Ella, when he
had most traitorouslie slaine his brother Oswijn in the
yéer of the world, 4618. (or 651. af|ter the comming of Christ) and
conteined that countrie which we now call the bi|shoprike.
1.7.1.8. Estanglia. 8.
Estanglia. 8.
¶Offa
or Vffa erecteth a king|dome ouer the Estangles or
Offlings in the 561. after the natiuitie of Christ, and 114. after
the deliuerie of Bri|taine.
- OFfa.
- Titellius.
- Redwaldus.
- Corpenwaldus.
- The seat void.
- Sigebert.
- Egricus.
- Anna.
- Adeler.
- Ethelwold.
- Adwulf.
- Beorne.
- Ethelred.
- Ethelbert.
¶Offa
of Mercia killeth Ethel|bert, and vniteth
Estanglia vnto his owne kingdome, in the 793. of Christ, after it
had continued in the posteritie of Offa, by the space of
228. yéers and yet of that short space, it enioyed onelie 35. in
libertie, the rest being vnder the tri|bute of the king of
Mercia a|foresaid.
1.7.1.9. Mercia. 9.
Mercia. 9.
¶Creodda beginneth his king|dome of Mercia,
in the 585. of our sauiour Christ, and 138. after the captiuitie of
Bri|teine ended.
- CReodda.
- Wibba.
- Cherlus.
- Penda.
- Oswy.
- Weada.
- Wulferus.
- Ethelred.
- Kinred or Kindred.
- The seat void.
- Kilred.
- Ethebald.
- Beorred.
- Offa.
- Egferth.
- Kinwulf.
- Kenelme.
- Kilwulf.
- Bernulf.
- Ludicane.
- Willaf.
- Ecbert.
-
Willaf againe.
- Bertulf.
- Butred.
- Kilwulf.
¶Alfride vniteth the kingdome of Mercia, to
that of the west|saxons, in the 291. after Cre|odda,
before Alfred the Dane had gotten hold thereof, and placed
one Clcolulphus there|in, but he was soone expelled, and
the kingdome ioyned to the other afore rehearsed.
1.7.2. The succession of the kings of England from William bastard, vnto
the first of Queene ELIZABETH.
The succession of the kings of England from William bastard, vnto
the first of Queene ELIZABETH.
-
WIlliam the first.
-
William his sonne.
- Henrie 1.
- Stephen.
- Henrie 2.
- Richard 1.
- Iohn.
- Henrie 3.
- Edward 1. aliàs 4.
- Edward 2.
- Edward 3.
- Richard 2.
- Henrie 4.
- Henrie 5.
- Henrie 6.
- Edward 4. aliàs 7.
- Edward 5.
- Richard 3.
- Henrie 7.
- Henrie 8.
- Edward 6.
-
Marie his sister.
- Elizabeth.
¶Thus haue I
brought the Catalog of the Princes of Britaine vnto an end, & that
in more plaine and certeine order than hath béene done hertofore by
anie. For though in their regions since the con|quest few men haue
erred that haue vsed any diligence, yet in the times before the same,
fewer haue gone any thing néere the truth, through great ouersight
& negligence. Their seuerall yéeres also doo ap|péere in my
Chronologie in|suing.