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2.1. Of ryuers and waters that loſe their before they come at the ſea. Cap. 1.

Of ryuers and waters that loſe their before they come at the ſea. Cap. 1.

I Haue in the former Treatise made report of most of the greatest riuers in Englande, wherewyth our seafaring men are very well acquainted, not only by reason of their notable issues into the Ocea(n), but also for the ofte(n) herborow & passage, which they haue by diuers of them, farre vp into the countrey. Nowe therefore will I proceede, with the descriptio(n) of such as are yet in parte vntouched, and whereby the chanels and courses of the first are not a litle increased. In tractation whereof I will not omitte to reiterate the description of those maine riuers, that are not already perfitely set downe, neyther the insertion of such as earst I had no knowledge of. And as I first beganne with the Thames in that booke, so will I nowe make mine entraunce with such riuers as fall into the same, not letting any one escape, wherein a man in the Winter season may wet hys horse foote up unto the footelockes.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 How and where this riuer issueth out of the grounde, I haue before set downe, noting the place to be within a myle of Tetbury, wherof some doe utterly mislike, bycause that ryll in sommer drowthes is oft so drie, that there is litle or no water at all seene running in the same. For this cause therefore many affirme the very head of Isis to come from the poole aboue Kemble. Other [sic] confounde it with the head of the Cyrne or Chyrne, called in latine Corinium that riseth aboue Coberley. For my part I followe Lelande, as he doeth the Monke of Malmesbury, that wrate the hystorie entituled Eulogium historiarum, who searched the same of set purpose, and pronounced wyth Lelande, although that at this present that course be very smal, and choked up as I doe here with mowldes. Proceeding therefore from the hed, it first of all receyueth the Kemble water called the Coue, which ryseth aboue Kemble towne, goeth by Kemble it selfe vnto poole and Somerford, & accompanyeth ye Thames, unto Canes, Ashto(n) Canes, & Howsto(n), until they meete with the Chirne, the next of all to be described.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Chyrne is a faire water, rysing out of the grounde aboue Coberley. From whence it runneth to Cowley, Cowlesburne, Randcome, and so into the Isis on the left side aboue Crekelade. These three waters beyng thus united & brought into one chanell, within a little space of the head of Isis, it runneth by Crekelade, beneath which towne it receyueth the Rhe, descending from Elcombe, Escot, Redburne,Widhil, and at the fall into Isis, or not farre of ioyneth with another that runneth west of Purton by Brade(n) forest &c.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Next of all our Isis meeteth with the Amney on the left hande, which comming from aboue Holly roode Amney, runneth by Downe Amney, and finally into the Isis a litle aboue Isey. In lyke sorte I reade of another that meeteth withall on the right hand aboue Isey also, which so farre as I can call to remembraunce, commeth from about Dryfield and falleth so into our Isis, that they runne as one vntill they come at the Colne, although not so nakedly and without help, but that in this voyage, the maine streame doth crosse one water that descendeth from Swindon, & going also by Stratton toward Seuingham, is it selfe increased with two rilles by the way whereof one commeth from Liddenton by Wambrey, as I haue bene informed.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Colne is a fayre riuer rysing by north neere to Witchington, and from thence goeth to Shiptons, Compton Abdale, Wittenton, Yarneworth, Colnedeanes, and Colne Rogers, Winston, Bybery, Colne Alens, Quenington, Faireford, and west of Lachelade into the riuer Isis, which hereabout on the southside also taketh in another, whereof I find this remembraunce. The Isis being once EEBO page image 58 once past Seuingham, crosseth a brooke from southeast that mounteth about Aſhebyry and receyuing a ryll from by weſt, (that com|meth from Hinton) beneath Shrineham, it afterward ſo deuideth it ſelfe, that the armes therof include Ingleſham, and by reaſon that it falleth into the Iſis at two ſeuerall places, there is a pleaſant Iſlande producted, wher|of let thys ſuffiſe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Lenis.Beyng paſt Lechelade a mile, it runneth to S. Iohns bridge, & thereabout méeteth wyth ye Leche, on the left hande. This brooke wher|of Lechlade taketh the name (a towne wher|vnto one péece of an olde Vniuerſity is aſcri|bed, which it dyd neuer poſſeſſe, more then Crekelade did the other) ryſeth eaſt of Hãp|net, frõ whence it goeth to Northlech, Eſtẽ|ton, Anleſworth, eaſt Leche, ſouth Thorpe, Farendon and ſo into the Iſis. From hence thys famous water goeth by Kẽſkot toward Radcote bridge, (taking in the rill that riſeth in an odde péece of Barkeſhyre, and runneth by Langford) & being paſt ye ſaid bridge, (now notable thorowe a conſpiracye, made there ſometimes by ſundrye Barons againſt the eſtate) it is not long eare it croſſe two other waters, both of thẽ deſcending from another adde parcell of the ſaide countie, whereof I haue this note gyuen me for my further in|formation. There are two falles of water in|to Iſis, beneath Radcote bridge, whereof the one commeth from Shilton, in Barkeſhire by Areſcote, blacke Burton and Clarrefield. The other alſo riſeth in the ſame piece and runneth by Briſenorton vnto Bampton, and there receyuyng an armelet from the firſt that break of at Blackeburton, it is not long ore they fall into Iſis, and leaue a pretye I|land. After theſe confluences, the main courſe of the ſtreame,winruſh. haſteth by Shifford to New|bridge, where it ioyneth with the Winruſh.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Winruſh ryſeth aboue Shyeburne, in Gloceſterſhyre, frõ whence it goeth to Win|ruſh, and comming by Barringtõ, Burford, Widbroke, Swinbeck caſtel, Witney, Duc|kington, Cockthorpe, Stanlake, it méeteth wyth the Iſis weſt by ſouth of Northmore. From hence it goeth beneath Stantõ, Har|tingcourt and Enſham, betwéene which and Caſſenton,Briwerue it receyueth as Lelande calleth it the Bruerne water.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 It ryſeth aboue Limington, and going to Norton in the Marſhe, and thorowe a patche of Worceſter ſhire vnto Euenlode, betwene [...] and the foure ſhyre ſtones,Comus. it taketh in a rill called Come, comming by the Long and the little Comptons. After this alſo it goeth by Bradwell, Odington, and ſo to Bleddenton, aboue which towne, it taketh in the Rolriche water, that iſſueth at two heades, in ye hilles that lie by weſt of little Rolriche, and ioyne aboue Kenkeham, and Church hill. [...] From thẽce alſo it goeth vnto Bruerne, Shiptõ vn|derwood, Aſcot, Short hamton, Chorlebury, Cornebury parke, Stonfielde, Longcombe, and ſouth eaſt of Woodſtocke parke, taketh in the Enis, that riſeth aboue Emſtone, [...] and go|eth to Cyddington, Glymton, Wotton (wher it is increaſed wyth a rill (that runneth the|ther frõ Steple Barton, by the Béechia trée) Woodſtocke, Blaydon, ſo that after this con|fluence, the ſayde Enys runneth to Caſſentõ and ſo into the Iſis, which goeth frõ hence to Oxforde, and there receiueth the Charwell, now preſently to be deſcribed. [...]

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The heade of Charwell is in northampton ſhyre, where it ryſeth out of a little poole, by Charleton village, ſeauen miles aboue Ban|berye northeaſt, and there it iſſueth ſo faſt at the verye ſurge, that it groweth into a pretye ſtreame, in maner out of hand. Sone after al|ſo it taketh in taketh in a rillet called ye Bure, [...] which falleth into it, about Ormere ſide, but foraſmuch as it ryſeth by Binceſter, ye whole courſe thereof is aboue foure myles, and therefore cannot be great. A friende of myne proſecuiting the reaſt of this deſcription re|porteth thereof as followeth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Before the Charwell commeth into Oxforde ſhyre, it receiueth the Culen, which falleth in|to the ſame, a lyttle aboue Edgecote, & ſo dyſ|cẽding toward Wardington, it méeteth with another comming from by northweſt, be|twéene Wardington & Cropredy. At Ban|burye alſo it méeteth wyth the Come (which falleth from Fenny Cõton by Farneboro, [...] and afterwards going by Kings Sutton, not farre from Ayne, it receiueth the diſcharge of dyuers ryllettes, in one bottome before it come at Clifton. The ſayde water therefore ingendred of ſo many brookelettes, conſiſteth chiefly of two, whereof the moſt ſoutherly cal|led Oke, commeth from Oke Norton, [...] by Witchington or Wiggington, and the Ber|fords, and carying a few blind rilles withal, doth méete with the other that falleth from by northweſt into the ſame, within a myle of Charwell. That other as I coniecture, is in|creaſed of thrée waters, whereof eache one hath his ſeuerall name, the firſt of them ther|fore, height Tudo, which comming betwéene Epwell and the Lée by Toddington, ioyneth about Broughton with the ſeconde that run|neth from Hornetõ, named Ornus, as I geſſe. Ornus. The laſt falleth into Tudo or Tudelake, beneath Broughton and for that it riſeth not far from Sotteſwel in Warwijcſhyre, Southbroke ſome are of the opinion, that it is to be called Sotbroke, EEBO page image 49 broke. The next water that meeteth with our Charwell beneath Clifton commeth from about Croughton, and after this is the Sowar Sowar. or Swere, that riseth north of Michael Tew, & runneth by nether Wootton. The last of all is the rey alias Bure, Burus whose hed is not farre aboue Burcester, alias Bincester: & frõ whence it goeth by Burecester to Merton, Charleton, Fencote, Addington, Noke Islip, and so into Charwell, that holdeth on hys course after this augmentation of the waters, betwene Woode and Water Eton to Marston, and the east bridge of Oxford by Magdalene colledge, and so beneath the southbridge into our aforesayd Isis.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 In descrybing this ryver, this one thyng right honourable is come into my mynde, touchyng the centre and nauell as it were of England. Certes, there is an hilly plotte of ground in Helledon paroche, Middest of England whereabouts. not farre from Banberry, where a man may stand & behold the heds of three notable ryvers, whose waters, and those of such as fall into them, do aboundantly serue the greatest parte of England on this side of the Humber: the first of these waters is the Charwel, already described. The second is the Leme that goeth westward into the fourth Auon: and the third is the head of the Nene or fift Auon it selfe, of whose courses there is no Carde but doth make sufficient mention, and therefore your honour may behold in the same how they do coast the country, and also measure by compasses how this plot lyeth in respect of all the rest, contrary to common iudgement, which maketh Northampton to be the midst of our countrey. But to go forward with my description of the Ouze, which beyng past Oxford goeth by Islip, Kennington, Sanforde, Rodleye, Newnham, and so to Abington, with out increase, where it receyveth the Oche, otherwyse called the Coche, a little beneth S. Helenes, Ocus. which runneth thither of two brockets as I take it, whereof one cõmeth from Compton, out of the vale and west of the hill of the White horse, the other from Kinges Letcombe and Wantage in Barkshire, and in one chanell entreth into the same, upõ the right side of his course. From Abington likewyse (taking the Arun withall southwest of Suttõ courtney) it goeth by Appleford, long Wittenham, Clifton, Wittenham the lesse, and beneth Dorchester taketh in the Tame water, from whence the Isis looseth the preheminence of the whole denomination of this ryuer, and is contented to imparte the same with the Tame, so that by the coniunction of these two waters, Thames is produced, & that name continued euen unto the sea.

Thame ryuer rysethin the easterly partes Thame. of Chilterne hils, toward Penley parke, at a towne called Tring west of the saide park, which is vij myles from the stone bridge, that is betwene Querendon and Aylesburye (after the course of the water) as Lelãd hath set downe. Running therfore by long Merstõ and Puttenham, Hucket and Bearton, it receyueth soone after a Ryll that commeth by Querendon from Hardwicke, and ere long an other on the other side that riseth aboue Wyndouer in the Chilterne, and passyng by Halton, Weston, Turrell, Broughton, and Aylesbury, it falleth into the Tame, west of the sayd towne, except my memory doe faile me. From this confluence, then the Tame goeth by Ethorpe, the Winchingtons, Coddington, Chersley, Notley Abbey, and commyng almost to Tame, it receyveth one water from southeast aboue the sayd towne, and another also from the same quarter beneath the towne, so that Tame standeth enuironed upon three sides, with three seuerall waters, as may be easily sene. The first of these commeth from the Chilterne east of Below or Bledlow, from whence it goeth to Hinton Horsenden, Kingsey, Towsey, and so into the Tame. The other descendeth also from the Chilterne, and goyng by Chinner, Crowell, Siddenham, and Tame parke, it falleth in the end into Tame water, and then they proceede together as one, by Shabbington, Kycote parke, Dracote, Waterstoke, Milton, Cuddesdon, and Chiselton. Here also it taketh in another water from by east, whose hed commeth from Chilterne hils, not farre from Stocking church in the way from Oxford to London. From whence it runneth to Weston (and meetyng beneth Cuxham with Watlington ryll) it goeth on to Chalgraue, Stadham, and so into the Thame. Frõ hence oure streame of Thame runneth to Newento(n), Draton, Dorchester (sometyme a Byshops see, and a noble city) and so into the Thames, which hasteth in lyke sorte to Bensington, Crowmarshe or Wallingford, Blausus where it receyueth the Blaue, descendyng from Blaueburg, now Blewbery as I learn. Thus haue I brought the Thames unto Wallingforde, situate in the vale of white horse that rũneth a long therby. Frõ hēce it goeth by Newenham, Northstoke, Southstoke, Goring, Bassilden, Pangburne, where it meeteth with a water that commeth from about Hamstede Norrys, runneth by Frizelham, Bucklebury, Stanford, Bradfeld, Tidmarsh & Pangburne. After which confluence it goeth on betwene Maplederham and Purley to Cauersham, and Cauersham manour, and a little beneath, EEBO page image 59 beneath receyueth the Kenet that commeth therinto from Readyng.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Cenethus.The Kenet ryſeth aboue Ouerton, v. or vj. myles weſt of Marleborow, or Marlingſbo|row as ſome call it, and then goyng by Fy|feld, Clatford, Maulon, and Preſhute, vnto Marlebury, it holdeth on in lyke order to Ramſbury, and northweſt of little Cote, ta|keth in a water by north deſcending from ye hils aboue Alburne chaſe, weſt of Alburne town. Thence it rũneth to little cote, Charn|ham ſtréete, and beneth Charnham ſtréete, it croſſeth the Bedwin, which (taking ye Chalk|burn ril withal) cõmeth frõ great Bedwijne, & at Hũgerford alſo,Bedwijne. Chalkes burne. two other in one botom ſomewhat beneth the towne. From hence it goeth to Auington, Kinbury, Hamſted mar|ſhall, Euburne, Newbery, and beneath thys towne,Lamburne taketh in the Lamburne water that cõmeth by Iſbiry, Egerſton, the Sheffords, Weſtford, Boxford, Donington Caſtle, and Shaw. From Newbery it goeth to Thatchã, Wolhampton, Aldermaſton, a little aboue which village, it receyueth the Alburne, an other broke increaſed wt ſundry rilles,Alburnus. & thus goyng on to Padworth, Oſton, and Michael, it commeth at laſt to Readyng, where as I ſayd it ioyneth with the Thames, and ſo they go forward as one by Sonning to Shiplake, and there on the eaſt ſide receyue the Lod|don that commeth downe thither from the ſouth, as by his courſe appeareth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Lodunus.The Loddon ryſeth in Hamſhire betwéene weſt Shirburne, and Wootton, towarde the ſouthweſt, afterwarde directyng his courſe toward the northweſt, thorowe the vine, it paſſeth at the laſt by Bramley, and thorow a piece of Wiltſhire to Stradfield, Swallow|field, Arberfield, Loddon bridge, leauyng a patch of Wiltſhire on the right hande, as I haue bene informed. This Loddon not farre from Turges towne, receyueth two waters in one botome, whereof the weſterly called Baſingwater, commeth from Baſingſtoke, and thorow a parke vnto the aforeſaid place. The other deſcendeth of two heds, from Ma|pledour well, and goeth by Skewes Newen|ham, Rotherwijc, and ere it come at Hartly, ioyneth with the Baſing water, from whẽce they goe togyther to Turges, where they méete with the Loddon, as I haue ſayd alre|dy.Diris va|dum. The next ſtreame toward the ſouth is cal|led Ditford brooke. It ryſeth not farre from Vpton, goeth by Gruell and beneath Wha|rnborow caſtle,Ikelus. receyueth the Ikell (cõmyng from a parke of the ſame denomination) frõ whence they go togither by Maddingley vn|to Swalowfield, [...]luci [...]. and ſo into the Loddon. In this voyage alſo, the Loddon méeteth with the Elwy or Eluey that commeth from [...]+der ſhare, not farre by weſt of [...] and about Eluctham, likewyſe with another cõ|ming from Dogmanſfield, named ye De [...]ke, [...] and alſo the third not ſuferior to the reſt, [...]õ|nyng from Er [...], whoſe head is in Surrey; [...] and goyng by Aſhe, becommeth a [...], firſt betwene Surrey & Hamſhire, then betwene Hamſhire and Barkeſhire, and paſſyng by Aſhe, Erynley, blackewater, Yer [...]y, & Fin| [...]amſted, it ioyneth at laſt with the Ditford, before it come at Swalowfield. [...] therfore with our Loddon, ha [...]ng receiued all theſe waters, and after the laſt [...] with thẽ now beyng come to Loddon bridge, it paſſeth on by a part of Wiltſhire to T [...]|forde, then to Wargraue, and ſo into the Thames that now is merueilouſly intre [...]|ſed and grown vnto triple greatneſſe to that it was at Oxford Being therfore paſt Ship|lake and Wargraue, it runneth by Horſe|penden or Hardyng, then to Henley vpon Thames, where ſometyme a great will voy|deth it ſelfe in the ſame. Then to Remẽham; Greneland (goyng all this way from Ship|lake iuſt north, and now turnyng eaſtwards agayne) by Medenham, Hurley, Byſham, Marlow the greater, Marlow the leſſe,Vſe it mée|teth with a brooke ſoone after that conſiſteth of the water of two rilles, whereof the [...] called the Vſe, ryſeth about weſt Wickham out of one of the Chiltern hils, and goeth frõ thence to eaſt Wickham or high Wickham, a prety market towne. The other named Higden,Hig [...] deſcendeth alſo from thoſe moun|taynes, but a myle beneath weſt Wickham; and ioyning both in one at ye laſt in the weſt ende of eaſt wickham town, they go togyther to Wooburn, Hedſor, and ſo into ye Thames. Some call it the Tide and that word do I vſe in my former treatiſe, but to procéede. After this confluence, our Thames goeth on by Cowkham, Topley, Maydenhead (aliâs Sud|lington) Bray, Dorney, Clure, new Wind|ſore, (takyng in neuertheleſſe, at Eaton by ye way, the Burne which riſeth out of a Moore, and commeth thither by Burneham) olde Windſor, Wrayborow, and a little by eaſt therof, doth croſſe the Cole, whereof I finde this ſhort deſcription enſuyng.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 The Cole riſeth néere vnto Flamſted, frõ whence it goeth to Redburn, S. Mighels,Col [...], Ve [...] Vert [...] S. Albons, Aldẽham, Watford, and ſo by More to Richemanſworth, where there is a conflu|ence of thrée waters, of which this Cole is the firſt.Gadus. The ſecond called Gadus riſeth not farre from Aſheridge, an houſe or pallace be|longyng to the prince. From whence it run|neth to great Gaddeſden, Hemſted, betwene EEBO page image 50 [...] EEBO page image 60 called Brane, that is in the Britiſſh tong (as Leland ſaith) a frogge. It riſeth about Edge|worth, and commeth from thence by Kingeſ|biry, Twiford, Peri [...]ll, Hanwell, and Au|ſterley. Thence we followed our riuer to old Brẽtford, Mortlach, Cheſwijc, Barnelmes, Fulham and Putney, beneth which townes it croſſed a becke from Wandleſworth, that ryſeth at Woodmans turne, and goyng by Eaſthalton, méeteth another comming from Croydon by Bedington, and ſo goyng on to Mitcham, Marton Abbey & Wandleſworth, it is not long ere it fall into the Thames. Next vnto this is the Maryburne rill on the other ſide,Mariburn which commeth in by Saynt Iames, ſo that by this tyme we haue eyther brought the Thames, or the Thames con|ueighed vs to London, where we reſted for a ſeaſon to take viewe of the ſeuerall tydes there, of which ech one differeth frõ other, by 24. minuts, that is 48. in an whole day, as I haue noted afore, except the wether alter thẽ. Beyng paſt London, and in the way toward the ſea: the firſt water that it méeteth with al, is on Kent ſide, weſt of Grenewich, whoſe hed is in Bromley pariſh, and goyng from thence to Lewſham, it taketh in a water frõ by eaſt, & ſo directeth hys courſe foorth right vnto the Thames.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Lée.The next water that it méeteth withall, is on Eſſex ſide, almoſt agaynſt Woolwiche, and that is the Lée, whoſe hed rileth ſhorte of Kempton in Hertfordſhire, 4. myles ſouth eaſt of Luton, and goyng thorowe a péece of Brokehall park (leauing Woodhall park, on the north, and Hatfield on the ſouth, with an other park adioyning) it goeth toward Hart|ford towne. But ere it come ther, it receiueth a water (peraduenture the Marran) riſing at northweſt in Brodewater hundred frõ a|boue Welwin,Marran. northeaſt of Digeſwell, & go|ing to Hartingfeld bury, wher the ſaid cõflu|ence is within one mile of the towne. Beneth Hatfield alſo it receyueth the Beane (as I geſſe) commyng from Boxwood by Bening|ton,Beane. Aſton, Watton, and Stapleford, and a little lower, the third arme of increaſe from aboue Ware, which deſcẽdeth frõ two heds: whereof the greateſt commeth from Barke|way in Edwinſter hundred, the other from Sandon in Oddeſey hundred, and after they be met beneth little Hornemeade, they goe togither by Pulcherchurche, or Puckriche, Stonden, Thunderydge, Wadeſmill, Ben|ghoo and ſo into the Lée, which from hence runneth on tyll it come at Ware, and ſo to Amwell, where on the north ſide it receiueth the water that commeth from little Hadhã, thorow a péece of Singleſhall parke, then by great Hadham, and ſo from Midford to the aforeſayde towne. From hence alſo they go as one to olde Stanſtede called le veil, draunchyng in ſuch wyſe ere it come there, that it runneth thorow the towne in ſundry places. Thence it goeth forth to Abbots St [...]ſted, beneath which it méeteth wyth the Stoure, weſt as I remember, of Roydon. This Sture riſeth at Wenden lootes, [...] from whence it goeth to Langley, Claueryng, Berden Manh [...]en, & Byrcheanger (where it receyueth a ryll commyng from Elſing [...] & Stanſted Mount [...]tcher.) Thence it hy [...] on to biſhoppes Stourford, Sakrichworth, and beneath this town, croſſeth with another frõ the eaſt ſide of Elſingham, that goeth to Hatfield Brodock, Shityng, Harlo, and [...] into the Stoure, and from whence they goe togither to Eſtwyc, Parmedon, and next in|to the Lée. Theſe thinges beyng thus perfor|med, the Lée runneth on beneth Hoddeſdon, Broxburne, Wormley, where a water brea|keth out by weſt of the maine ſtreame, a [...] lower then Wormely it ſelfe, but yet within the paroche, and is called Wormeley locke. It runneth alſo by Cheſton Nunry, and out of this a little beneath the ſayde houſe, brea|keth an arme called the Shirelake, bicauſe it deuideth Eaſt [...] and Hartford ſhires [...] ſunder, and in the length of one medow cal|led Frithey, this lake rũneth not but at great [...], and méeteth againe with a ſuccor of ditchwater, at a place called Hockeſdich, half a myle from his firſt breakyng out, and half myle lower at Mar [...]h point, wyneth agayne with the ſtreame from whence it came be|fore. Thence commeth the firſt arme to [...] Mauly bridge (the firſt bridge weſtward vp [...] that ryuer) vppon Waltham cauſey, and halfe a myle lower then Mauly bridge at the corner of Ramney meade, it méeteth with the kinges ſtreame, and principal courſe of Luy or Lée, as it is commonly called. The ſecond principall arme breaketh out of the kynges ſtreame at Hallyfielde halfe a myle lower then Cheſton Nunnery, and ſo to the fullyng mill and two bridges by weſt of the kynges ſtreame, where into it falleth about a ſtones caſt lower at a place called Malkins ſhelf, [...]|cept I was wrong informed. Cheſton and Harfordſhire men ſay, do ſay that the kings ſtreame at Waltham, doth part Hartford|ſhire and Eſſex, but the Eſſex men by forreſt charter do plead their liberties to holde vnto S. Maulies bridge. On the eaſt ſide alſo of ye kinges ſtreame breaketh out but one princi|pall arme at Halifield, thrée quarters of a myle aboue Waltham, and ſo goeth to the corne myll in Waltham, and then to ye kings EEBO page image 51 ſtreame agayne, a little beneath the kynges bridge. From hence the Lée runneth on till it come to Stretforde Langthorne, where it brauncheth partly of it ſelfe, and partly by mans induſtry for mils. Howbeit herein the dealyng of Alfrede ſometyme king of Eng|land, [...]de. was not of ſmalleſt force, who vnder|ſtandyng the Danes to be gotten vp wyth their ſhips into the countrey, there to kil and ſlay, by the conduct of this ryuer: he in the meane tyme before they could returne, dyd ſo mightely weaken the mayne chanell by drawyng great numbers of trenches from the ſame, that when they purpoſed to come back, there was nothyng ſo much water left as the ſhips dyd draw, wherfore being ſet on ground, they were ſoone fired, and the aduer|ſaries ouercome. Finally beyng paſt Weſt|ham, it is not long ere it fal into ye Thames. One thyng I read more of this riuer before the conqueſt, that is, how Edward the firſt, & ſonne of Alfrede, builded Hartford towne v|pon it, in the yeare of grace 912. at which tyme alſo he had Wittham a town in Eſſex in hande as hys ſiſter called Aelflede repay|red Oxford and London, and all this 4. yeres before the buildyng of Maldon. But concer|nyng our ryuer it is noted, that he buylded Hertford or Herudford betwene 3. waters that is, the Lée, the Benefuth, and Me [...]|ran, but how theſe waters are diſtinguiſhed in theſe dayes, as yet I cannot tell. It is poſ|ſible, that the Bene may be the ſame which commeth by Beningtõ and Bengh [...], which if it be ſo, then muſt the Memmarran be the ſame that deſcendeth from Whit wel, for not farre from thence is Branfield, which might in tyme poſt right well be called Marran|field, for of lyke inuerſion of names I coulde ſhew many examples.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 [...]on or [...]mus.Beyng paſt the Lée (whoſe chanell is be|gun to be purged 1576. with further hope to bring the ſame to the northſide of London we come vnto the Rodon, vpon Eſſex ſide in lyke maner, and not very farre (for [...] is the moſt) from the fall of the Lée. This water ryſeth at little Canfielde, from [...]ence it goeth to great Canfield, high R [...]+dyng Eythorpe Roding, Ledon Rodyng, White Rodyng, Beauchampe Roding, [...]+feld, [...]er. Shelley, high Ongar, and Cheyyng Ongar, where the Lauer falleth into it, that ariſeth betwixt Matchyng and high Lauer, and takyng another rill withall commyng from aboue Northweld at Cheping Ongar, they ioyne I ſay with the Rhodõ, after which confluẽce, Leland coniectureth that ye ſtreame is called Iuel: [...]us. for my part, I wote not what to ſay of it, but hereof I am ſure that ye whole courſe beyng paſt Ongar; it goeth to Stan|ſted riuers, The [...] [...], Heybridge, Chigwell, W [...]dford bridge, Ilforde bridge, Backyng and ſo into the Thames.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Darwent mée [...]eth with our ſayde Thames vpon Ken [...]s ſide,Darwent. two [...]yles and more beneth Erith. It riſeth at Tanridge, or the [...]bantes, as I haue bene informed by Chriſtofer Saxtons Card late made of the ſame and all the ſeuerall ſhyres of England at the infinite charges of ſix Thames Sack|forde might, and maiſter of the requeſtes, whoſe [...] vnto his countrey herein & can|not but remember, and ſo much the rather|forth that he meaneth to imi [...]te Ortelius, and ſomewhat beſide this hath holpen me. In the names of the townes, by which theſe ryuers doe run. Mould to God hys plats were ones finiſhed. [...] to procéede. The Darwent I ſay, riſing at [...]ridge, goeth on by Tit [...]y toward Br [...]ted, and receiuyng on eche ſide of that towne (and ſeueral bankes) a riuer or rill, it goeth on to Nockhold, Shorehã, Kent|ford, Horton, Darnehith,Craye. Dartford or Der|wentford, and there takyng in the Cray on the left hand that commeth from Orpington by [...]ary Cray, Powles Cray, North Cray, and Cray [...]e, it is not long ere it fall into the Thames.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The next water that falleth into the Thames, in weſt of the [...] Iſles, a [...]ill of no great [...], neyther long courſe, for ri|ſing about Coringham, it runneth not many miles eaſt & by ſouth, ere it fall into ye mouth of this riuer, which I doe now deſcribe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 The chiefe hed of this ſtreame, ryſeth in Wood forreſt, ſouthweſt of Eaſt greneſted, Medeuius. This ri|uer is de|ſcribed al|redy, but here with more dili|gence, bet|ter helpe, and after their opi|nion that accompt it not to fall into the ſea but in|to ye Tha|mes. & goyng by Hartfield and Whetelin, it recei|ueth a rill from the ſecond hed, that commeth in from ſouth eaſt, and eyther from the north ſide of Argas hill, or at the leſt wiſe out of the ſouth part of Waterdon forreſt, as Saxton hath ſet it downe. After this confluence it is not long ere it take in another by weſt from [...]owden warde, and the third aboue Pen|ſher [...], growing frõ two heds, wherof one is in Kingfield parke, the other weſt of Craw|herſte [...] ioyning aboue Edinbridge, it doth fall into the Midway beneth He [...]er towne, & Chid [...] [...]. From Penhirſt our [...] ſtream [...]ſteth to Kigh, Eunbridge, & Twid|ley, and beneth the towne, it croſſeth a water from North, whereof one hed is at the Mote, another at Wroteham, the thirde at weſt Peckham, and likewyſe an other from ſouth eaſt, that runneth eaſt of Capell. Next after this it receiueth the Theſe, whoſe forked hed is at Tiſehirſt, which deſcendyng downe to|ward the north, taketh in not frõ Scowy EEBO page image 61 a brooke out of the northſide of Waterdẽ fo|reſt, whoſe name I find not except it be the Dour. After this confuence our ryuer goeth to Goldhirſt, and commyng to the Twiſt, it brauncheth in ſuch wyſe that one parte of it runneth into Midwaye, another into the Ga|ran or rather Cranebrooke, if my coniecture be any thyng.Garunus. Cranus. The Garan as Leland calleth it, or the Crane as I do take it, riſe [...]h nere to Cranebrooke, and goyng by Siſſinghirſt, it receyueth ere long one water that commeth by Fretingdon, and another that runneth from great Charde by Sinerdon & Hedcorn, croſſing two rils by the way from by north, Hedcorne it ſelfe ſtanding betwene thẽ both. Finally, the Garan or Crane méetyng with the Midway ſouth of Yallyng, they on ye one ſide, and the Theſe on the other, leaue a pre|ty Iſland in the midſt, of foure miles in lẽgth and two miles in bredth, wherin is ſome hil|ly ſoyle, but neyther towne nor village, ſo far as I remember. From Yalling forward, the Midway goeth to weſt Farlegh, eaſt Far|legh, and ere it come at Maidſtone, it enter|tayneth a rill that riſeth ſhort of Ienham, & goeth by Ledes and Otterinden. Being paſt Maidſtone, the Midway runneth by Alling|ton, Snodland, Hallyng, Cuckſtane, Roche|ſter, Chatham, Gillingham, Vpchurch, and ſone after braunching, it embraceth ye Grene at hys fall, as his two heds do Aſhdon foreſt, that lyeth betwene them both. I would haue ſpoken of one creke that cõmeth in at Cliffe, and another that runneth downe from Halt|ſto by S. Maries, but ſithe I vnderſtand not with what backewaters they be ſerued, I let them paſſe as not ſkilfull of their courſes. And thus much of the riuers that fal into the Thames, wherin I haue done what I may, but not what I would for myne owne ſatiſfa|ction, till I came from the hed to Lechelade.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 4 5 Auon 2.Being paſſed the Thames and hauing as I thinke ſufficiently in my former treatiſe de|ſcribed all ſuch waters as are to be found be|twéene the Stoure in Kent, & Auon in Wilt|ſhire, it reſteth that I procéede with this ry|uer, and here ſupply many thinges that I be|fore omitted, although not by mine owne o|uerſight ſo much as by the abuſe of ſuch as ſhoulde haue better preſerued the pamphlets to be inſerted. Certes this Auon is a goodly riuer ryſing as I ſayde before néere vnto Wolfe hall, although he that will ſéeke more ſcrupulouſlye for the head in déede, muſt looke for the ſame about the borders of the forreſt of Sauernake (that is Soure oke) which lieth as if it wer embraced betwene ye firſt armes therof, as I haue bene enformed. Theſe heds alſo do make a confluence by eaſt of Martin|ſhall hill, and weſt of Wootton. From whẽre it goeth to Milton, Powſey, Manningfield Abbey, Manningfielde croſſe, & beneth New|ington taketh in one rill weſt from Rudbo|row, and another a little lower that riſeth al|ſo weſt of Alcanninges, and runneth into the ſame by Patney, Merden, Wilford, Charle|ton, and Ruſtiſal. Beyng therfore paſt New|ington, it goeth to Vphauen (wherof Leland ſpeaketh) to Cheſt [...]bury, Cumpton, Abling|ton, little Almſbury, Darntford, Woodford, olde Saliſbury, and ſo to newe Saliſburye, where it receiueth one notable riuer from by northweſt, and another frõ north eaſt, which two I wyll firſt deſcribe, leauyng the Auon at Saliſbury. [...] The firſt of theſe is called the Wilugh, and riſeth among the Deuerels, and runnyng thence by hill Deuerell, & De|uerell long bridge, it goeth toward byſhops ſtraw, taking in one rill by weſt, and another from Vpton by Werminſter at northweſt. From biſhops ſtraw it goeth to Nortõ, Vp|ton, Badhampton, Stepiyngford, and Sta|pleford, where it méeteth with the Winter|bury water from by north, deſcending from Maddenton by Winterburne. From Sta|pleford it haſteth to Wiſhford, Newtõ, Chil|hampton, Wilton, and thither cõmeth a wa|ter vnto it from ſouthweſt, which ryſeth of two heds aboue Ouerdonet. After this it go|eth by Wordcaſtle, to Tiſbury, and there re|ceiueth a water on eche ſide, whereof one cõ|meth from Funthill, the other from two iſ|ſues (of which one riſeth at Auſ [...]y, the other at Swalodiſe) and ſo kepyng on ſtill with his courſe, our Wilugh runneth next next of all by Sutton. Thence it goeth to Fo [...]ant, Bo|berſtocke, Southburcombe, Wilton, [...] (where it taketh in the Fomington or Naddet wa|ter) Weſtharnam Saliſbury and Eaſthar|nam, and this is the race of Wilugh. The o|ther is a naked arme or ſtreame without a|ny braunches. It riſeth aboue Collingburne Kingſton in the hils, and thence goeth to Co|lingburne, the Tidworthes (wherof ye more ſoutherly is in Wiltſhire) Shipton, Chol [...]e [...]|ton, Newton, Toney, Idmerſon, Porton, the Winterburnes, Lauerſtock, and ſo into [...] eaſt of Sar [...]ſbury. And thus is the confl [...] made of the aforeſayd waters, with thys [...] ſecond Auon, whereinto another water fal|leth (called Becquithes brooke) a myle beneth Harneham bridge, [...] whoſe head is fiue miles from Sarum, and thrée myles aboue Bec|quithes bridge, as Lelande doth remember, who noteth the Chalkeburne water to haue hys due recourſe alſo, [...] at thys place into the aforeſayde riuer. Certes it is a pretye brooke, and riseth sixe miles from Shaftes bury [page ] bury, and in the way toward Salisbury in a botom on the right hand, whence it commeth to Knighto(n) and Fennystratford, to Honington, that is about 12. myles from the hed, and about two miles and an halfe from Honington beneth Odstocke, goeth into the Auon, a mile lower then Harnham bridge, except he forget himselfe. This Harneham whereof I now entreate was sometime a prety village before the erection of new Salisbury, & had a church of S. Martine belonging vnto it, but now in steade of this church there is onely a barne standyng in a very low meade on the northside of S. Mighels hospitall. The cause of the relinquishyng of it was the moistnesse of the soile, very oft ouerflowen. And whereas the kinges high way lay sometyme thorough Wilton, licence was obteyned of the kyng & bishop of Salisbury, to remoue that passage vnto new Salisbury also, & upo(n) this occasion was the maine bridge made ouer Auon at Harneham. [...] [...]nes [...]yed by [...]nging [...]e [...]. By this exchaunge of the way also olde Salisbury fel into vtter decay, and Wilton which was before the hed towne of the shire, and furnished with 12. paroche churches, grew to be but a poore village, and of small reputation. Howbeit, this was not the onelye cause of the ruine of olde Salisbury, sith I read of two other, wherof the first was a salue vnto the latter, as I take it. For where as it was giuen out that the townesmen wanted water in olde Salisbury, it is flat otherwise, sithe that hill is very plentifully serued with springes and wels of very sweete water. The truth of ye matter therfore is this. In the tyme of ciuill warres, the souldiors of the castle and Chanons of old Sarum fell at oddes, in so much that after often brawles, they fell at last to sad blowes. It happened therefore in a Rogation weeke that the clergy goyng in solemne procession, a co(n)troversie fell betwene them about certayne walkes and limites, which the one side claymed and the other denied. Such also was the whote entertainement on eche part, that at the last the Castellanes espying their tyme, gate betwene the clergy and the towne, and so coyled them as they returned homeward, yt they feared any more to gange about their bounds for yt yere. Hereupon the people missing their belly chere (for they were wont to haue ba(n)ketting at euery statio(n), a thing practised by the religious in old tyme wherewith to linke in the com(m)ons vnto them) they conceyued forthwith a deadly hatred against the Castellanes, but not beyng able to cope with them by force of armes, they consulted with their bishop, and he with them so effectually, that it was not long ere they, I meane the Chanons, began a church upo(n) a peece of their owne ground, pretending to serue God there in better safetie, and with farre more quietnesse then they could do before. The people also seyng the diligence of the chanons, and reputyng their harmes for their owne inconuenience, were as earnest on the other side to be nere vnto these prelates, and therfore euery man brought hys house vnto that place, & thus became old Sarum in few yeres vtterly desolate, and new Salisbury raysed vp in stede therof, to the great decay also of Harnham and Wilton, whereof I spake of late. Nowe to returne agayne from whence I thus digressed. Our Auon therefore departyng from Sarisbury [sic], goeth by Burtforde, Longford, and taking in the waters afore mencioned by the way, it goeth by Stanley, Dunketon, Craiforde, Burgate, Fordyng bridge, Kingwood, Auon, Christes church, and finally into the sea. But ere it come all there, and a little beneth Christs church, it crosseth the Stoure, or Sture, a very faire stream, whose course is such as may not be lefte vntouched. It ryseth of sixe heds, wherof thre lie on the north side of the Parke at Sturton within the pale, the other ryse without the parke, and of this riuer the towne and Barony of Sturton doth take his name as I gesse, for except my memory do to much faile me, the lord Sturton giueth the sixe heds of the said water in hys armes, but to proceede. After these braunches are conioyned in one botome, it goeth to long Layme mill, Stilto(n), Milton, and beneth Gillingham receyueth a water that descendeth from Mere. Thence ye Sture goeth to Bugley, Stoure, Westouer bridge, Stourprouost, and ere long taketh in the Cale water, from Pen that commeth downe by Wickhampton, to Moreland, and to Stapleford, vij. miles from Wickhampton, passing in the sayd voyage, by Wine Caunton, and the fiue bridges. After this co(n)fluence, it runneth to Hinton Maries, Lidden. Deuilis. & soone after crosseth the Lidden and deuilish waters all in one chanell, whereof the first ryseth in Blackmore vale, and goeth to bishops Cau(n)dell: the second in the hils south of Pulham, and so runneth to Lidlinch: the third water issueth nere Ibberton, and goyng by Fifehed to Lidlington, and there meetyng wyth the Lidden, they receiue the blackewater aboue Baggeburne, and so go into the Stour. Iber. Black-water After this the Stoure runneth on to Stoureton minster, Fitleford, Hammond (and soone after takyng in one water that commeth fro(m) Hargraue by west Orcharde, and a seconde fro(m) Funtmill, it goth on to Chele, Ankeford, Handford, Durweston, Knighto(n), Brianston Bland EEBO page image 62 Blandford, Carleton, and crossing ere long a rill that riseth about Tarrent, and goeth to Launston, Munketon, Caunston, Tarrant, it proceedeth forth by Shepwijc, and by and by receyuing an other brooke on the right hand (that riſeth about Strickeland, and go|eth by Quarleſton, Whitchurch, Anderſtõ & Winterburne) it haſteth forward to Stour|minſter, Berforde lake, Alen bridge, Win|burne, aliâs Twinburne minſter, whether commeth a water called Alen (from Knoltõ, Wikechãpton, Eſtumbridge, Hinton, Barn|ſley) which hath two heds, wherof one ryſeth ſhort of Woodcotes, and eaſt of Farneham, named Terig,This ſtoure a|boundeth with pike, perche, roche, dace, Gudgeon and eles. the other at Munketon aboue S. Giles Winburne, and goyng thence to ſ. Gyles Aſheley, it taketh in the Horton beck, as the Horton doth the Cranburne. Finally, méetyng with the Terig aboue Knoltõ, they run on vnder the name of Alen to the Stour, which goeth to the Canfordes, Preſton, Kingſton, Perley, and Yolneſt. But ere it come at Yolneſt, if taketh in two brookes in one bottom, wherof one commeth frõ Wood|land parke by Holt parke and Holt, another from aboue vpper Winburne, by Ed [...]i [...]nde|ſham, Vertwood, and Manning [...], & ioyning about S. Leonardes, they go to Hornbridge, and ſo into Stoure. After which confluence, the ſayd Stoure runneth by I [...]r bridge, and ſo into Auon, leauyng Chriſtes church aboue the méetyng of the ſayde waters, as I haue ſayd before.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Hauyng in this manner paſſed Chri [...]es church hed,Burne. we come to the fall of the Burn, which is a little brooke runnyng frõ Stou [...]e|field heath, without braunches, and not tou|ched in my former voiage for want of know|ledge, and information therof in tyme.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 When we had left the Burne behynde vs, we entred Pole hauen, now far better known vnto me then it was at the firſt. Goyng ther|fore into the ſame, betwene the north and the ſouth pointes, to ſée what waters wer there, we left Brunke ſey Iſland and the caſtle on the left hand within the ſaid pointes, and paſ|ſing about by Pole, and leauing that Creke, becauſe it hath no freſh, we came by Holton and Keſworth, where we beheld two falles, of which one was called the north, the other the ſouth waters. The north ſtreame [...]ight Piddle as I heare.Piddle. It riſeth about Alton, and goeth from thẽ [...]e to Piddle trentch hed Pid|dle hinton, Walterſtow, and ere it come at Birſtã, receiueth Deuils brooke that cõmeth thither from Brugham, and Melcombe by Deuiliſh town.Deuils. Thence it goeth to Tow pid|dle, Aſhe piddle, Turners piddle (takyng in ere it come there, a water that runneth from Holton by [...], Milburne and [...] then to Hide, and ſo into Pole hauen, an [...] this water Mariani [...]s Scotus ſpeaketh, except I be deceyued. The ſouth water is properly called Frome for Frame. It riſeth were vn|to Euerſhot, [...] and going down by Fromeq [...]|tain, Thelmington, and Catſ [...]ke, it recey|ueth there a rill from beſide Rowſham, and Wraxehall. After this it goeth on to Ch [...]|frome, and thence to Maden Newtõ, where it méeteth with the Owke, [...] that riſeth eyther two miles aboue H [...]keparke at Kenforde, or in the great [...]ine within [...]oke par [...], and goyng by the [...]olla [...]des, falleth into the Frome about M [...]en Newton, and ſo go as one from thẽce to Fromevanchirch, Cro [...]|wey, Frampton, and Muckilford, and recei|ueth nere vnto the ſame a rill frõ aboue Vp|ſ [...]lyng by S. Nicholas Sidlyng, and Grim|ſton. From hence it goeth on by Stratton & Bradford Peuerell, [...] and beneath this Brad|ford, it croſſeth the Silley, aliâs Mintern and Cherne brookes both in one chanell: [...] whereof the firſt riſeth in vpper Cherne pariſh, the o|ther at Minterne, and méeting aboue middle Cherne, they go by [...]her Cherne, Forſton, Godmanſt [...]n, and aboue Charneminſter in|to Frome. In ye meane time alſo our Frome br [...]cheth and leaueth an Iſlande aboue Charneminſter, and ioyning agayne néere Dorcheſter, it goeth by Dorcheſter, & For|thington, but ere it come at Beckington, [...] ma [...]eth with an other Becke that runneth thereinto from Winterburne, St [...]pleton, Martinſtow, Heringſtow, Caine and Staf|ford, and from thence goeth without any fur|ther increaſe as yet to Beckington, Kingh|ton, Tinkleton, Morton, Wooll, Bindon, [...] Stoke, and beneath Stoke, receiueth ye iſſue of the Luckeforde lake, from whence alſo it paſſeth by Eaſtholme, Warham, and ſo into the Bay. From this fall, we went about the arme point by Slepe, where we ſaw a little creke, then by Owre, where we behelde an o|ther, and then commyng againe toward the entraunce by S. Helens, and Furley caſtell, we went abroade into the maine, and ſounde our ſelues at liberty.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 When we were paſt Pole hauen, we left the handfaſt point, the Peuerell point, S. A|delmes chappell, and came at laſt to Lugh|port hauen, wherby and alſo the Lucheford [...] lake, all this portion of ground laſt remem|bred, is left in maner of a byland or peninſu|la, and called the Iſle of Burbecke, wherin is good ſtore of alam. In lyke ſort goyng ſtill weſterly, we came to Sutton pointes, where is a créeke. Then vnto Way or W [...]lemouth, by kinges Welcombe, whereinto when we EEBO page image 53 were entred, we ſaw thrée falles, whereof thẽ firſt and greateſt commeth from Vpwey by Bradwey, and [...]adypoll, receiuyng after|ward the [...] that ran from eaſt Che [...]e|rell, and likewiſe the third that maketh the grounde betwene Weymouth and Smal|mouth paſſage almoſt an Iſlande. Goyng by Portland and the point therof, called ye Raſe, we ſayled along by the Shingle, till we came by S. Katherines chappel, where we ſaw the fal of a water that came downe from Black|den Beaconward, by Porteſham and Ab|boteſbury. Thence we went to another that fell into the ſea, mete Byrton, and deſcended from Litton by Chilcombe, then vnto the Bride or Brute porte, [...]. a prety hauen and the ryuer it ſelfe ſerued with ſundry waters. It riſeth as I ſayd before, halfe a myle or more aboue Bemiſter, and ſo goeth from Bemi|ſter to Netherbury by Parneham, then to Melplaſhe, and to Briteport, where it taketh in two waters from by eaſt in one chanel, of which one ryſeth eaſt of Nettlecourt, and go|eth by Poreſtoke, and Milton, the other at Aſkerwell, & runneth by Longlether. From hence alſo ou [...] Bride goyng toward the ſea, taketh the Simen on the weſt that commeth by Simenſburge into the ſame, the [...] ſtreame ſoone after fallyng into the ſea, and leauyng a prety hauenet.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The next porte is the Chare, ſerued wyth two rilles in one confluence, beneath Chare|mouth. The chiefe hed of this riuer is as Le|land ſayth in Marſhewoode parke, and com|meth downe by Whitchurch: the other run|neth by weſt of Wootton, and mée [...]yng be|neth Charemouth towne, as I ſaid, doth fall into the ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Then came we to the Cobbe, and beheld the Lime water, which the towneſmen call the Buddle, [...]. and is alredy deſcribed vnder ye ſame denomination. Certes, there is no hauẽ here that I coulde ſée, but a quarter of a mile by weſt ſouthweſt of ye towne, is a great and coſtly Iutty in the ſea for ſuccour of ſhippes. The towne is diſtaunt from Colyton, about 5. miles, and here we ended our voyage from the Auon, which conteyneth the whole coſt of Dorceſter, or Dorcetſhire, ſo that next we muſt enter into Somerſet Countie, and ſée what waters are there.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The firſt water that we méete with all in Somerſetſhire is ye Axe, which riſeth as you haue heard, not far from Bemiſter, and to ſay it more preciſely nere vnto Cheddington in Dorſetſhire, from whence it runneth to Moſterne, Feborow, Claxton, Weyforde bridge, Winſham fourde, and receiuing one rill from the eaſt by Hawkechurch, and ſoone [...] another comming from northweſt by Churchſtone, from Waindroke,Yate aliâs Artey. it goeth to Axem [...]iſter, beneath which it croſſeth the Yare, that commeth from about Buckland, by Whit [...]unton, Yareco [...], Long bridge, Stockeland, Killington bridge (where it re|ceiueth a brooke from by ſouth, that runneth by Dalw [...]) and ſo into the Axe. From hence our Axe goth to Drake, Muſbury, Cullyford, but ere it come altogither at Calliſhop, it ma|teth wt a water yt riſeth aboue Ca [...]e [...], & goeth frõ thẽce by Widworthy, Culli [...], & there re|ceuiing a rill alſo procéedeth on after ye [...] aboue C [...]ford bridge into the Axe, & frõ thence hold on together into ye maine ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 By weſt of Be [...]eworth point [...]eth a creke ſerued ſo farre as I remembe [...], with a freſhe water that commeth from the hils ſouth of S [...]ley to Branſc [...]mbe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Sidmouth hauen is the next,Sid. and thither cõ|meth a freſhwater by S. Martes from the ſayd hils that goeth from S. Mar [...]es afore|ſaid, to S [...]bury, and betwene Saltcombe & Sidmouth into the maine ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 By west of Auterton point also lyeth another hauen, and thither commeth a prety riueret, Autri aliâs Otterey. whose hed is in the Hackpendon hils, and commeth downe first by Vpauter, then by a parke side to mohuns Auter, Munketo(n), Honnyton, Buckewell, and north of Autry receiueth a rill called Tale, Tale. that riseth north west of Brodembury in a woode, and from whence it runneth by Pehembury, Vinnito(n), and making a confluence with the other, they go as one betwene Cadde and Autry, to Herford, Luton, Collaton, Auterton, Budeley and so into the sea. This riuer is afore described vnder the name of Otterey, as Leland left it to me: now will I cast about the Start point that I may come to Exe. Exe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Exe riſeth in [...]xe [...]ore in Somerſet ſhire (as I ſaid before out of Leland) and go|eth from thence to Exeford, Winſforde, and Exton where it receiueth a [...] comming from Cutcombe by north. A [...]et this conflu|ence it goeth on toward the ſouth, til it méete with a prety brook, riſing northeaſt of Whet|tel (goyng by Brunton regis) increaſed at the left with thrée r [...]les which come all from by north. Theſe beyng once met, this water rũ|neth on by weſt of the beacon that beareth ye name of Haddon, and ſome after taketh [...] the Barle that receiueth in like ſort ye Do [...]e at Hawkebridge,Barley. and from hence goeth by Daue [...]n, and Combe,Doue aliâs Doue ſtroke. and then doth méte with the Exe, almoſt in the very confines be|twene Dorſet and Somerſetſhires. Beyng paſt this coniunction our Exe, paſſeth be|twene Bruſhford and Murba [...]h and then to EEBO page image 63 Ere bridge, where it taketh in as I heare a water by Weaſt, from Eaſt Auſtye, and after thys likewyſe another on eche ſide, whereof one commeth from Di [...]forde and Baunton,Woodburn. the other called Woodburne, ſomewhat by caſt of Okeforde. From theſe méetinges it goeth to Caue & thorough ye for|reſt and wooddes to Hatherland and Waſh|fields vntill it come to Tiuerton, and here it receiueth the Lomund water, that ryſeth a|boue Athebrittle, and commeth downe by Hockworthy vpper Loman, and ſo to Tiuer|ton that ſtandeth almoſt euen in the very cõ|fluẽce. Some cal this Lomũd the Simming brooke or Sunninges bathe.Lomund or Sim|ming. After this our Exe, goeth to Bickley, Theuerten (takyng in a rill by weſt) nether Exe, Bramford, be|neath which it ioyneth with the Columbe,Columb. that riſeth of one heade, northeaſt of Clary Hayden, and of another ſouth of Shildõ, and méeting beneath Columbe ſtocke, goeth by Columbe and Bradfeld, and there croſſing a rill that commeth by Aſhforde [...] runneth ſouth to Woode, More haies, Columbton, Brandnicke, Beare, Columbe Iohn, Hor|ham, and ioyning as I ſayde wyth the Exe at Bradford it paſſeth vnder but one bridge, ere it méete wyth another water by weſt,Cride. Forten. growyng of the Forten and Cryde wa|ters, except it [...]ée ſo that I doe iudge amiſſe. The Cride riſeth aboue Wolleſworthy, and néere vnto Vpton, after it is paſt Dewriſh, croſſeth a rill from betéewne Puggill and Stockley by Stocke engliſh, &c. From hence it goeth to Fulford where it méeteth with the Forten, whereof one braunche commeth by Caldbrook, the other from S. Mary Ted|burne, and ioyning aboue Crediton, the cha|nell goeth on to the Cride (which ere long al|ſo receiueth another from by north, cõming by Stockley & Combe) then betwene Haine and Newton Sires to Pines and ſo into the Exe which ſtayeth not vntill it come to Ex|ceſter. From Exceſter it runneth to Were there takyng in a rill from by weſt, and ano|ther lower by Exeminſter, next of all vnto Toppeſham,Cliuus. beneath which towne the Cliue entereth therinto, which riſing about Plym|trée, goeth by Clift Haydon, Clift Laurence, Brode Clift, Honiton, Soutõ, biſhops Clift, S. Mary Clyft, Clyft S. George, & then in|to the Exe, that runneth forward by Notwel Court, Limſtõ and Ponderham caſtle. Here as I here,Ken. it taketh in the Ken (or Kenton brooke, as Leland calleth it) commyng from Holcombe Parke, by Dunſdike, Shilling|ford, Kenford, Ken, Kenton, and ſo into Exe hauen, at whoſe mouth lye certaine rockes, which they call the chekeſtones, except I be deceiued.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The next fal, wherof Leland ſayth nothing at all, commeth by Aſhecombe and Dul [...] and hath hys hed in the hils therby.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Teigne mouth is the next fall that we came vnto, [...] and it is a goodly port. The hed of this water is alredy touched in my firſt [...] to be in Dartmore among the Gidley hilles From whence it goeth to Gydley towne Teignton drue, [...] where it receyueth the Cro|kerne commyng from by north, and ljkewiſe another weſt of Fulford parke. Thẽ it goeth to Dufford, Bridforde, Kirſlow, Chidley, Knighton, and beneath the bridge there re|ceyueth the Bo [...]y whoſe courſe is to north Bouy, Lilley, and Bouytracy. [...] Thence i [...] runneth to kinges Teingneton, taking in Eidis a brooke beneath Preſton that cõmeth from Edeford by the way, [...] and whẽ it is paſt this confluence, at Kings Teigneton, it croſ|ſeth the Leman which commeth from Sad|dleton rocke by Beckington, [...] and Newton Buſhels, [...] and ſone after the Aller that riſeth betwene Danbury and War [...]g well, after|ward fallyng into the ſea by biſhops Teign|ton, ſouth of Teignemouth towne.

From hence we goe ſtill ſouthwardes (as we haue done long alredy by ſouthweſt) by Worthſtone, and finding thrée or foure ſmal crekes betwene Worthſtone rocke and the Biry point, we go furder to Mewſtone rock, and ſo into Dartmouth hauen, where into ſundry waters haue their direct courſes.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The riuer of Darnt commeth out of Da|rntmore, xv. myles aboue Tomeſſe (as I ſaid before) from whence it goeth to Bucklande Hole, and ſoone after taking in the Aſhebur [...] water on the one ſide that runneth frõ Sad|dleton rocke by north, [...] and the Buckfaſtlich that commeth from north weſt, [...] it runneth to Staunton, Darington, Hemſton, and there alſo croſſing a rill on eche ſide, paſſeth forth to Totneſſe, Bowden, and aboue Gabriell Stoke, [...] méeteth with the Hartburne that rũ|neth vnder Roſt bridge, two miles aboue Totneſſe, or as an other ſayeth, by Ratter, Harberton, Paineſford, and Aſprempton in|to Darnt, which ere long alſo commeth to Cornworthy, Greneway, Ditſham, Darnt|mouth, betwene the Caſtels, and ſo into the ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 From hence we went by Stokeflẽming to another water, which commeth from blacke Auton, then to the ſecond that falleth in ea [...] of Slapton, and ſo coaſting out of this bay by the Start point, we ſaile almoſt directly weſt, till we come to Saltcombe hauẽ. Cer|tes this port hath very little freſh water cõ|myng vnto it, yet the hed of ſuch as it is, ry|ſeth EEBO page image 54 nere Buckland, and goeth to Do [...]ook, which ſtandeth betwene two créekes. Thẽce it hieth to Charelton, where it taketh in a ril whoſe hed commeth from ſouth and north of Shereford. Finally, it hath another créeke that runneth vp by Ilton, and the laſt of all that falleth in north of Portlemouth, whoſe hed is ſo nere the bay laſt afore remembred, that it maketh it a ſory peninſula, as I haue heard it ſayd.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Then come we to the Awne, whoſe hed is in the hils farre aboue Brent towne, from whence it goeth to Dixford wood, Loddewel, Hache, Aunton, Thorleſton, and ſo into the ſea ouer againſt a rocke called inſul borow.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Arme riſeth aboue Harford, thence to St [...]|ford, Iuy bridge, Armington bridge, Fléete, Orchardton and Ownewell.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Yalme goeth by Cornewood, Slade, Strat|ley, Yalmeton, Collaton, and Newton ferry.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Being paſt theſe Portlets, then next of all we come to Pli [...]mouth hauen, a very buſie péece to deſcribe, becauſe of the [...] waters that reſort vnto it, & ſmall helpe that I haue for the knowledge of their [...], yet will I doe what I may [...] this, [...] the reſt, and ſo much I hope by God [...] [...] performe, as ſhall iuſtice my purpoſe in [...] behalfe.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 The Plimme or Plym, is the very same water that gyueth name vnto Plimpton towne. It ryseth in the hilles west of Cornewood, and commeth downe a short course of three miles to Newenham after it bee issued out of the ground. From Newenham also it ru(n)neth to Plimpton, and soone after into the Stour, [...]re [...] Cat| [...]. which Stour aryseth northwest of Shepistour, and goeth from thence to Memchurch, Hele, Shane Bickley, & so to Eforde where taking in the Plym, it runneth downe as one under the name of Plymme, vntill it go past Plymmouth and fall into the hauen South est of Plymmouth aforesayd. Plymmouth it self standeth betweene two creekes, not serued wyth anye backewater, therefore passing ouer these two, wee enter into the Thamar that dischargeth it selfe into the aforsaid haue(n), going therefore vp that streame which for the most part partheth Deuonshire from Cornewall, [...]e or [...]y. the first riueret that I met withall on the est side is called Tauy, the hed wherof is amo(n)g the mountaines foure miles aboue Peeters Tauy, beneath which it meeteth with another water from by west, so that these two waters include Marye Tauye, betweene them though nothing neere the confluence. From hence the Taue or Tauy runneth to Tauistocke, aboue which it taketh in a rill from by west, and another aboue north Bucklande whose head is in Dartmore, and commeth thereunto by Sandforde and Harrow bridge. From hence it goeth into Thamer, by north Buckland, Monks Buckland, Beare, and Tamerton Folly. Hauing thus dispatched the Tauy. The next that falleth in on the est side vpwardes is the Lidde, Lidde. which rysing in the hilles aboue Lidforde, runneth downe by Curryton and Siddenham, and so to Lidstone, aboue which it receyueth the Trushell brooke, Tru [...]hell. which rising north east of Brediston, goeth by Trusholton to Thaine, where it receyueth a rill that commeth by Bradwood from Germanswijc, and after the confluence runneth to Liston, and fro(m) thence into the Thamar. The next aboue this is the Corewater, Core. this riseth somewhere about Elwell or Helwell, and goyng by Virginston, runneth on by S. Giles without any increase vntill it come to Thamar. Next of all it taketh in two brookes not much distant in sunder, whereof the one commeth in by Glaunto(n), the other from Holsworthy, and both east of Tamerton, which standeth on the further banke, and other side of the Thamar, & west northwest of Tedcote, except the quarter deceiue me.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Certes, the Thamar it selfe riseth in Somersetshire, Thamar. about three miles northeast of Hartlande, and in maner so crosseth ouer the whole west country betweene sea and sea, that it leaueth Cornewall, a bylande or peninsula. Being therfore descended from the hed, by a tract of vj. myles, it commeth to Denborow, Pancrase well, Bridge Reuel, Tamerton, Tetcote, Luffencote, Boyton, & Wirrington, Artey. where it meeteth wyth a water on the west side called Artey, that riseth short of Iacobstow. Two miles in like sort from this confluence, we met with the Kensey, Kenſey. whose hed is short of Warpeston, by south east, fro(m) whence it goeth by Treneglos, Tremone, Tresmure, Trewen, Launston, and so into the Thamar that runneth fro(m) hence by Lowwhitton vnto Bradston, and goyng on toward Dunterton, taketh in a rill from seuth Pitherwijc, and by Lesant. Beneath Dunterton also it crosseth the Enian. This ryuer riseth at Dauidston, Enian. and directeth his race by S. Clethir, Lancast, and Trelask first, and then vnder sundry bridges, vntill it meete w(ith) the Thamar. From hence also the Thamar goeth by Siddenham to Calstocke bridge, Calstocke towne, Clifton, Targreue (there aboutes takyng in a creeke aboue Landilip) and runnyng on from thence, hasteth toward Saltashe, where it receiueth the Liuer water. Liuer. The head of Liuer is about Broomwelly hill EEBO page image 64 hill from whence it goeth on to North hill, Lekenhorne, South hill, and taking in a rill by east (from aboue Kellington) it runneth on to Newton, Pillaton, Wooto(n), Blofflemyng, S. Erne, and beneth this village crosseth a rillet that runneth thither from Bicton by Quithiocke, S. Germaines and Sheuiocke. But to proceede after the confluence, it goeth betweene Erly & Fro Martine castle, and soone after takyng in a ril from by north, that passeth west of S. Steuens, it is not long ere it fall into the Thamar, which after this (receiuing the Milbrooke creeke) goeth on by Edgecomb, and betwene S. Mighels Isle and Ridden poine into the maine sea. And thus haue I finished the descriptio(n) of Plimmouth water, and all such falles as are betweene Mewston rocke on the east side, & the Ra(m)me hed on the other.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Sutton. After this we proceeded on with our iourney toward the west, and passing by Longstone, we came soone after to Sothan baie, where we crossed the Seton water, whose hed is about Liscard, and his course by Mynheniet, Chafrench, Tregowike, Sutton, and so into the sea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 Then came we to Lowe, and goyng in betweene it and Mount Isle, Low. we finde that it had a braunched course, and thereto the confluence aboue Lowe. The chiefe heade ryseth in ye hils, as it were two miles aboue Gaine, and goyng by that towne, it ceaseth not to continue his course, east of Duloe, til it come a little aboue Low, where it crosseth and ioyneth with the Brodoke water that runneth fro(m) Brodokes by Trewargo, & so into ye sea. Nexte unto these are two other rils before we come at Faw, or Fawy, whereof in my former treatise, I made some small intreaty. Foy or Fawy riuer riseth in Fawy more, on side of an hill, Fawy. from whence it runneth by certayne bridges, till it meete with the Glin water west of Glyn towne, Glyn. which rising aboue Temple, and meting with a rill that com(m)eth in from S. Neotes, doth fall into Fawy a mile and more aboue Kesprin from by east. After this conflue(n)ce then, it goeth to Kesprin bridge, Lesterme(n) castle, Lostwithiel bridge, Pill, s.Kingtons, s.Winnow, and Golant, and here also receiueth the Lerine water out of a park, Lerinus. that taketh his way into the main streame by Byconke, Tethe, and the fining house. Beyng thus vnited, it proceedeth vnto Fawy towne, taking in a rill or creeke from aboue it on one side, and another beneath it south of Halling on the other, of which two this latter is the longest of course, sith it runneth three good myles before it come at the Foy, and thus much had I to adde vnto the description of the sayd Fawy conteined in my former treatise. I might haue touched the creeke that lyeth betweene Knaueland & blackbottle pointes ere I came at Foye or Fawy, but sith it is serued only with the salt, I make small account to speake of it. But to proceede, entering finally into the baie commonly called Trewardith baie, which lyeth into the land betwene the Canuasse and the blacke head pointe, we sawe the fall of two small brookes, not one uery far distant from another. The first of them entring west of Trewardith, the other east of s.Blayes and both directly agaynst Curwarder rocke, except I mistake my compasse. Neyther of the(m) are of any great course, and the longest not full three miles and an halfe, wherefore sith they are neither braunched nor of any great quantity, what should I make long haruest of a little corne, and spend more tyme then may well be spared about them.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 When we were past the blackhed, [...] we came to Austell broke, which is increased with a water that commeth from aboue Mewan, & within a myle after the confluence they fall into the sea at Pentoren, from whence we went by the black rocke, and about the Dudman pointe, till we came to Chare haies, where falleth in a prety water, [...] whose hed is two miles aboue S. Tues. The(n)ce we went by here & there a meere salt creeke, til we passed ye gray rocke, in Gwindraith baie, & s.Anthonies point, where Leland maketh his big acco(m)pt to enter into Falamouth haue(n), to the former description whereof, I wil adde another here, wherby the first shal be more plain and easie.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 4 The Fala riseth a little by north of Penuenton towne, and goyng westwarde til it come downwardes toward s.Dionise, [...] it goeth fro(m) thence to Melader, s. Steuens Grampont, Goldon, Crede, Cornley, Tregue, Moran, Tregu(n)an, it falleth into the hauen with a good indifferent force, and this is the course of Fala. But lest I should seme to omit those creekes that are betwene this and S.Antonies point, I will go a little backe again, and fetch in so many of them as come now to my reme(m)braunce. Entring therefore into ye port, we haue a creeke that runneth vp by s. Antonies toward s.Gereus, then another that goeth into the lande by east of s.Maries castle, with a forked hed passing in the meane time, by a great rocke, that lieth in the very midst of the hauen, in maner of the thirde poynts of a Triangle, betweene S.Maryes castle and pendinant. Thence we cast about by the sayde castle, and came by another creeke, that falleth in by east, then the second aboue s.Justus, the third at Ardenors, the fourth at Kilan EEBO page image 55 Kilan, and hauing as it wer visited all these in order, we come backe againe about by Tregonnian, and then goyng vpward betwene it and Taluerne, til we come to Fentangolan, we founde the confluence of two great creekes beneath S.Clementes, wherof one hath a fresh water comming down by s.Merther, ye other another fro(m) Truro, increased w(ith) sundry brau(n)ches, though not one of the(m) of any greatnesse, and therfore vnworthy to be handled. Polewhole standeth vpon the hed almost of the most easterly of them. S.Keuwen and Truro stand aboue the confluence of other two [sic]. The fourth falleth in by west, fro(m) certaine hils: as for the fift and sixt, as they be little creekes and no fresh, so have I lesse language and talke to spend about them. Of s.Caie, [...]e. [...]ks. and s.Feokes creekes, I spake inough before, the towne of s.Feoke standyng betwen the both. That also called after ye saint, rising aboue Pera(n)narwothill, and comming thence by Kyrklo, falleth into Falamouth, northeast of Milor, which standeth vpon the point betwene it & Milor creeke. Milor creek (for Lela(n)d did kepe no order in their description) is next Restronguet. Some cal it Milor poole, from whence we went by Trefuus point, and there found an other great fall fro(m) Perin, which beyng braunched in the toppe hath Perrin towne almost in the very confluence. Thus leauing Fala hauen, as more troublesome for me to describe, then profitable for seafaring men without good aduise to enter into, we left the rocke on our left hand, and came streight southwest to Helforde hauen, whose water commeth downe from Wreeke (where is a confluence of two small rilles whereof that ryll consisteth) by Mawgan and Trelawarren, [...]le. and then it receyueth a rill on the north ripe from Constantine, after whose confluence, it goeth a maine vntill it come to the Oceane. Beneath thys also is another rill commyng from s.Martirs, by whose course, and another ouer against it on the west side that falleth into ye sea by Winniton, all Menage is left almost in maner of an Island. From hence we go south to ye Manacle point, then southwest to Lysard, and so north and by west to Predannocke pointes, beyonde which we meete with the fall of the said water, that riseth in the edge of Menage and goeth into ye sea by Melian on the north, and Winniton on the south. By north also of Winniton is the Cury water that ryseth short of Magan, and toucheth with the Ocean south of Pengwenian point.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 From hence we sayled to the Loomouth which some call Lopole, because it is narower at the fall into the sea, then it is betweene the sea and Hailston. It riseth aboue s.Sethians, and commyng downe by Wendron, it hasteth to Hailston or Helston, from whence onely it is called Loo, but betwene Helston & the hed, men call it commonly Cobor. Here Leland omittyng a great number of waters betwene this and the landes end, and so forth about the point vnto the Haile, as you may see in my former treatise, I thinke it good so far as to me is possible, to supply his want in this place, although I confesse that I cannot do it so exactly as I would. Beyng therefore passed the Loo, I came to another water that desce(n)deth without any increase from Crowan by Symney, whose whole course is not aboue 3. myles in all. Then goyng by the Cuddan point, we entred the mountes Bay, and goyng streight north (leauing saint Mighels mount a little vpon the left hand) we came to the Lyd, which rising short of Tewidnacke, descendeth by Lidgeuan, and so into the sea. Certes the course of these waters can not be long, sith in this very place, the bredth of la(n)d is not aboue foure miles, and not more then fiue at the very landes ende. There is also a rill east of Korugy, and Guluall, and another west of the same hard at hand, and likewise the third east of Pensantz and not a ful quarter of a myle from the second, southwest of Pensantz, also lieth the fourth that co(m)meth from Sancrete warde by Newlyn, from whence goyng southwest out of the Baye by Moushole Isle, that lyeth south of Moushole towne, we come to a water that entreth into the Ocean betwixt Remels and Lamorley point. Truly the one hed therof commeth fro(m) by west of Sancrete, the other by from west of an hill that standeth betwene them both, and ioyning aboue Remels, it is not long ere they salute their grandame. After this and before we come at Rosecastle, there are two other creekes, whereof one is called Boskenny that riseth south of s.Buriens, and another somewhat longer then the first that issueth by west of the aforesayd towne, wherein is to be noted, that our cardes made heretofore do appoint s.Buriens to be at the very landes ende of Cornewall, but experience now teacheth vs that it commeth not neere the lands end by three miles. This latter rill also is the last that I do read of on the south side, and likewyse on the west, and north tyll we haue sayled to s.Ies baye, which is full x. myles from the landes ende, or Bresan Isle eastward, and rather more if you reckon to the fall of the Haile, which lieth in the very midst and highest part of the bay of the same. The soile also is very hilly here, as for s.Ies towne, it is almost (as I sayd) a byland, and yet EEBO page image 65 yet is it well watred with sundry rilles that come from those hils vnto the same.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Haile. The Haile riseth in such maner, and from so many heds, as I haue before described out of Leland. Howbeit, I will adde somewhat more vnto it for the benefite of my readers. Certes, the chiefe hed of Haile riseth by west of Goodalfin hils, and goyng downe toward s.Erthes, it receyueth the second and best of the other three rilles from Godalfin towne: Finally, commyng to s.Erthes, and so vnto the maine bay,Clowart. it taketh in the Clowart water from Guymer, south of Phelacke which hath two heds, the sayd village standyng directly betwixt them both.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Caine. The Caine ryseth southeast of Caineburn towne, a myle and more, from whence it goeth without encrease by west of Gwethian, and so into the sea west of Mara Darway. From hence we coasted about the point, Luggam. and left the bay till we came to a water that ryseth of two heds from those hils that lye by south of the same: one of them also runneth by s.Vni, another by Redreuth, and meetyng within a myle they fall into the Oceane, beneath Luggam or Tuggan. A myle and a halfe from this fall we come vnto an other small rill, and likewyse two other creekes betwixt which the towne of s.Agnes sta(n)deth, and likewyse the fourth halfe a mile beyond the most easterly of these, whose head is almost three myles within the land, in a town called s.Alyn. S. Pirãs créeke. The(n)ce going by the Manrock, and west of s.Piran in the Sande, we finde a course of three myles and more from the hed, and hauyng a forcked braunch, the partes do meete at west aboue s.Kybbard, and so into the sea. I take this to be s.Piranes creeke, for the next is Carantocke pill or creeke, Crantock. whose hed is at Guswarth, from whence it goeth to Trerise, and soone after takyng in a rill, from by west it runneth into the sea east of s.Carantakes. Beyonde this is an other creeke that ryseth aboue little s.Colan, and goeth by lesse s.Columb, and east & by north hereof, commeth down one more, whose hed is almost south of the nine stones, and goyng from thence to great S.Columbes, it passeth by Lanherne, and so into the sea. S. Merous creeke is but a little one, rysing west of Padstow, Padſtowe. and fallyng in almost ouer against the Gull rocke. Then turning betwene the point and the blacke rock, we entred into Padstow hauen, whose waters remayne next of all to be described.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Alen. The Alane ryseth flat east from the hauen mouth of Padstow, well neere eight or nyne myles, about Davidston, neere vnto which the Enyam also issueth, Enyam. that runneth into the Thamar. Goyng therfore from hence, it passeth to Camelford, s.Aduen, s.Bernarde, (both Cornish saintes) and soone after receyueth a rill at north east descending fro(m) Rowters hil. Thence it goeth to Bliseland, & Helham, the first bridge of name that standeth vpon Alyn. Ere long also it taketh in one ryll by south from Bodman, another from s.Laurence, the third by west of this, and the fourth that commeth by Wethiell, no one of them excedyng the course of three miles, and all by south. From hence it goeth towarde Iglesale warde and there receyueth a water on the east side, which co(m)meth about two miles from aboue s.Teath, by Michelston, s.Tuchoe, s.Maben (mo Cornish patrones) and finally south of Iglesall, meeteth with the Alen that goeth from thence by s.Breaca to Woodbridge. [...] Here about I finde that into our Aleyn or Alen, there should fall two riuerets, whereof the one is called Carnsey, [...] the other Layne, and commyng in the end to the full notice of the matter, I see them to issue on seuerall sides beneth Woodbridge almost directly the one against ye other. That which descendeth from northwest, and riseth about s.Kew, is named Carnesey as I heare, the other that commeth in on the southwest banke high Laine, and noted by Leland to rise two miles aboue s.Esse, but how so euer this matter standeth, there are two other creekes on eche side also beneth these as Pethrike creek, [...] and Minner creeke, so called of two Cornish saintes (for that soyle bred many) wherewith I finish the description of Alen, or as some call it Dunmere, and other Padstow water. [...]

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 Beyng past Padstow hauen, and after we had gone three myles, we came to Portgwin a poore fisher towne, where I finde a brooke and a peere. Then I came to Portissec two myles further, and founde there a brooke a peere, and some succour for fisher botes. Next of all vnto a brooke that ran from south east, directly north into the Sauern sea, and within halfe a myle of the same lay a great black rocke lyke an Islande. From this water to Treuenni is about a myle, where the paroch church is dedicated to s.Symphorian, and in which paroch also Tintagel castle standeth, which is a thyng inexpugnable for the situation, and would be made with little reparations one of the strongest things in England. For it standeth on a great high terrible crag enuironned with the sea. There is a chappell yet standyng in the dungeon thereof, dedicated to s.Vlet. Tintagell towne and Treuenni are not a myle in sunder. The next creeke is called Bosynni, which is a myle fro(m) Tintagell, [...] and to the same Tredwy water resor teth EEBO page image 56 teth, and so they go to the sea betwixt two hils, wherof that on the one side lyeth out like an arme or cape, and maketh the fashion of an hauenet or peere, whether shiplets sometyme do resort for succour. A Frier of late dayes toke vpo(n) him to make an hauen at this place, but in vayne. There lie also two black rocks as Islets, at the west northwest point, or side of this creeke, the one (sauyng that a little gut doth part them) ioyning with the other, and in these by all likelyhoode is great store of gulles. I can not tell whether this be the water that runneth by Boscastle or not, but if it be not, then haue I this description of the latter.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 [...]caf [...]le. [...] Boscastle creeke that lyeth east of Tintagiel, is a small thyng running at the most not aboue two myles into the land, yet it passeth by foure townes, wherof the first is called Lesneth, the second s.Juliet, the third, Minster, and the fourth Boscastle or Bushcastle as some men doe pronounce it.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 [...]. In Bede bay, I find the Bedewater, whose chiefe hed is not farre from Norton. Thence runnyng to Stratton, [...]ncels. it receiueth the Launcels rill before it come at Norham. And here also it crosseth another whose hed is cast of s. Mary wijke, from whence it runneth by Wolston and Whalesborow, and thence into the sea betwene Efford and Plough hyll. And thus much of ye waters that lie betwene the poynt of Cornwall, and the Hartland hed vpon the northside of Cornwall. Now let vs do the lyke with those that remayne of Deuonshire, wherof the said Hartland is the very first point in this our poeticall voiage. Hauing therfore brought Hartland point on our backs, we come next of all to Barstable bar, and so into the Hauen, wherinto two principall streames do perpetually vnburden their chanels.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The first and more westerly of these is called Ocus, [...]. whose hed is not farre west of the hed of Darnt, & both in Darntmore. Rising therefore in the aforesayd place, it runneth northwest to Snorton, and so to Okehampton, beneath which towne it meeteth with an other water commyng from southeast, and riseth not much west from the hed of Tawe. From hence it goeth to Stowe Erborne, Munke Okington, and Iddesley, where it taketh in the Tanrige a very prety streamelet, [...]anridge. whose issue is not a full mile by east from the hed of Thamar. Commyng therfore by west and east Putforde, Bulworthy, Bockington, Newton, and Shebbor, it receiueth a forked rill that runneth from eche side of Bradworthy by Sutcombe, Treborow, Milton, and so to Thornebiry, where meetyng with another forked water (wherof one head commyng from Dunsland, ioyneth with the other north of Cockebiry) it goeth with spede into the Tanrige water. After this coflue(n)ce it runneth on to Sheepewash (by west wherof falleth in the Buckla(n)d water fro(m) by north) then to high Hainton, and so to Haytherlay, Buckland. north wherof it taketh in a rill fro(m) by south, and endeth his race at Iddesley, by ioynyng with the Oke. Hence then the Ocus hasteth to Dowland, and betwene it and Doulton, receiueth one rill from by east, as it doth an other betwene Doulton and Marton fro(m) by west, and so proceeding on with his course, it commeth east of Torrington the lesse, and taking in a water at east, that runneth from three heds (by Wolly parke) betwene which Combe and Roughborow are situate, it descendeth to Torington the more, and meting with the Langtree water on the one side, Langtrée. and the Ware brooke on the other, it proceedeth to Bediford, Were or Ware. crossing a rill by the way that commeth vnto it betwene Annary and Littham. From Bediford bridge it goeth without any increase to Westley, Norham, Appledour, and so into the hauen.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 The Taw of both is the more noble water, Taw. and hath most rils descendyng into hys chanell. Howbeit by these two is all the hart of Deuonshire well watered on the northside of ye Moores. The Tawy riseth directly at south.west of Throwley, and north of the head of Darnt. From thence also it runneth to Sele, South Taueton, Cockatre, Bathe, Northtaueton, Atheridge, Colridge, and soone after receiueth the Bowmill creeke, Bowmill. whereof one hed riseth at Bow, the other at Mill, and meting beneth bishops Morchard, they fall into the Taue north of Nimeth Rowland, as I haue bene informed. From hence then it runneth by Edgeforth, to Chimligh, by south wherof, it meeteth with a ril comming down of two heds from about Rakenford, by Wetheridge and Chawley. Thence it goeth to Burrington, and Chiltenholtwood, and there taketh in the Moulebray water consisting of two in one chanell, Moule|bray. wherof the Mol doth ryse aboue north Moulton, and co(m)myng to Moulton, receiueth another rill running fro(m) Moland, and soone after the second that growing by two brookes (ye hed of one beyng Knawston, and of the other west of Crokeham, and both vniting themselues beneath Mariston) doth fal into the same ere long also, Bray. and so go togyther till it crosse the Bray, which (beyng the second of the two that maketh the Moulbray) riseth at Bray, commeth by Buckland and south of Holtwood doth make his confluence with Taw. Beyng past the woode, it go eth EEBO page image 66 on to Brightley hall, Taueton, Tauestocke, and Berstable, sometyme a pretye walled towne with foure gates, but nowe a little thyng and such in deede, as that the suburbes thereof, are greater than it selfe. I suppose that the name of this towne in the Brittish speache was Abertaw, because it stoode toward the mouth of Taw, and Berdnesse pronounced short as I gesse, for Abernesse. As for Staple it is an addition for a market, and therfore hath nothyng to doe in the proper name of the towne. King Athelstane is taken here for the chiefe priuileger of the towne, this is also worthy to be noted hereof, that the houses there are of stone, as most are in all the good townes thereabout.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 But to proceede with our purpose. Beneath this Towne there falleth in a water that hath one head nere about Challacombe, and another at east Downe, whereof this descendyng by Stoke ryuer, and the other by Sherwell, they vnite themselues within three myles of Berstaple. Soone after also it taketh in another that descendeth from Bitenden by Asheford, and the last of all east of S.Anthonies Chappell, named thw Doneham, Doneham. because one hed is at west Done, and the other at Ham, both of them meetyng west of Ashe. And thus is Taue described, which is no great water nor quick streame, as may appeare in Low water mark at Berstable, & yet is it a prety riueret. This also is worthy to be noted therof, that it receiueth no brooke from by west, whereof I would somewhat meruaile, if Taurige were not at hand.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Beyng past the Taue, Cride bay and Bugpoint aliâs Bagpoint, we go by More baye, Morestone aliâs Mortstone, and then toward the northeast, till we come to a creekelet to Ilfare combe, & so to Combe marton, where at (I meane eche of them) are sundry creekes of saltwater, Paradine. but not serued with any fresh, that I as yet do heare of. Marry there is betwene Martinbowe and Trensowe, a creeke that hath a backewater, which descendeth fro(m) Parracombe (so farre as I call to mynd named Parradine beck) but the gretest of all is betwene Linton and Connisbery called Ore, which riseth in Somersetshire in Exmore, Orus. (East of Hore oke, more then a myle) and goyng by Owre, falleth into the sea betweene Linton & Connisbery, so that the whole race therof, amou(n)teth in & out to an 8. miles as I haue heard reported. Thus haue I finished ye discourse of the waters of Deuo(n)shire, whose bredth in this place from hence ouerthwart to the checkestones in the mouth of Exe, The bre [...]|th o [...] De|uonſhire [...] Cornewal. on the south side of the Isle, is 38. miles or vnder 40. and so much likewyse is it fro(m) Plimouth to Hartla(n)d point, but the brodest part there commeth to 36. miles, where as the broadest part of Cornewall doth want two myles of 40.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Beyng past the aforesayd limites of the counties we came to Portloch bay, whether commeth a water named Loche that descendeth from Stokepero, Lucham and Portloch without increase. Thence to Dunsteir brook, which runneth from one about Wootton, and Courtney by Tunbercombe and Dunsteir, then to another that commeth west of Olde Cliffe, leauyng a parke on the west side, next of all to Watchet water, whereof one hed co(m)meth from the Quantock hils south of Bickualer by westquantocke head, and almost at Doniford, receyueth the Wiliton becke, the(n) to east Quantocke brooke (omitting a creket) & next of all to Doddingto(n) water, yt goeth by Holford, Alfoxton, & afterward into the sea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 From hence we go by Bottesall pointe, to Stert pointe, where two noble riuers doe make their confluence, which I will seuerally describe, as to my purpose appertayneth.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 3 The first of these is called the Iuell. Iu [...] It ryseth aboue Oburne, .al [...] and at Shirburne receyueth a water whereof Lela(n)d saith thus. There are seuen springes in an hill called the seuen sisters, northest fro(m) Shireburn, The [...] ſi [...] which gather into one botom, & come into ye Mere. Another brooke likewise co(m)meth by Heydo(n) fro(m) Pusca(n)dell, three myles from thence by flat east, betwixt the parke and the Mere, full so great as the streame of the Mere, and ioyning at the lower mill of Shireburn, with the Mere water, it is not long ere it fall into the Euill. Thence our Euill goeth on toward Glasen, B [...]dford, and ere it come there taketh in a forked rill from by ſouth, deſcending from a|bout weſt Chelbury and Chetnall in Dorſet|ſhire, beneth which towne ye other hed falleth into the ſame, ſo that they run forth by Bear|haggard & Thornford (til they méet with the Iue [...]) & ſo to Clifton, Euil, Trent, Mutforde, Aſhinton, and eaſt of Limminton it méeteth with the Cade that runneth from Yarling|ton, by north Cadbiry,Cade. and ſoone after croſ|ſing a rill alſo from by eaſt, that cõmeth frõ Blackeford by Compto [...], it haſteth to ſouth Cadbiry, Sparhford, Quéenes Camel, weſt Camell, & ſo into Iuell, which runneth on to Kimmington, Ilcheſter, Ilbridge; long Sut|ton, and ere it come at Langport, [...] taketh in two famous waters in one chanell next of all to be remembred before I go any further. The firſt of all theſe riſeth ſoutheaſt betwene the Parets (where it is called Parret water) and goeth to Crokehorne,Parret. and at Meri [...]t ta|keth in a brooke from the eaſt, which cõſiſteth EEBO page image 57 of two courſes vnited at Bowbridge, wherof the one deſcendeth from Pen by Haſilbury, the other from aboue the thrée Chenocks, as I doe vnderſtand. From hence alſo they goe as one with the Parret water, toward ſouth Pederton (takyng in at eaſt a becke cõming from Hamden hil) thence to Pederton, Lam|brooke, Thorney bridge, & Muchelney where it méeteth with the ſeconde called Il or Ilus, whoſe hed is aboue Chellington, & comming down frõ thẽce by Cadworth, before it come at Dunniet, it taketh in a ril that runneth by Chafcomb and Knoll. Thence leauing Ilmi|ſter on the eaſt ſide, it méeteth with another from by Eaſt, deſcendyng from aboute Whitlakington. Then it goeth to Poking|ton (where it croſſeth ye Ilton water by weſt) next to Ilbruers, [...]on. and there it ioyneth with a rillet that riſeth by weſt at Staple, and run|neth by Bicknell and Abbots Ily, and after this confluence goeth on toward Langport. And here after ſome mens opinion, the Iuell looſeth hys name, and is called Parret, but this coniecture cannot holde, ſithe in the olde writers it is called Iuell, till it fall into the ſea. Neuertheleſſe, how ſo euer this matter ſtandeth, beyng paſt Langport, it goeth by Awber toward ſ. Antonies, where it méeteth with the Tone next of all to be deſcribed. The Tone iſſueth at Clatworthy, [...]ne. and goeth by weſt of Wiuelſcombe, to Stawley, Ritford, Runton, Wellington and Bradford, beneath which it taketh in a faire water commyng from Sanford Combe, Elworthy, Brunte Rafe, Miluerton, Oke and Hilfarens. After this confluence alſo it runneth to Helebridge and there below meteth with one water that runneth by Hawſe, Hethforde and Norton, then another frõ Crokeham by biſhops Sle|diard, and the third and fourth at Tawnton, that deſcendeth from Kingſton by north, and another by ſouth that ryſeth about Pidmi|ſter, and thus is the Tone increaſed, which goeth from Taunton to Riſton, Creche, Northcurry, Ling, and ſo by Anthony into ye Iuell, that after this confluence méeteth ere long with the Chare, [...]are or [...]re. a prety riuer that com|meth by eaſt from Northborow, by Carletõ, Badcare, Litecare, Somerton, Higham Au|dry more, Audry, and Michelſborow. From whence goyng on betwene Quéenes moore and North moore, it receyueth one brooke cal|led Peder from by ſouthweſt, that runneth thorough Pederton parke and Northmoore, [...]der. and likewyſe another that paſſeth by Dur|ley, ere it doe come at Bridgewater. From Bridgewater it goeth by Chilton directly northweſt, and then turnyng flat weſt, it go|eth northwardes towards the ſea, takyng in two waters by the way, wherof one runneth by Coripole and Cannington, and beareth ye name of Cannington,Cãmingtõ Brier. the other by Sidding|ton and Comage, and then receyuyng the Brier before it come at Start point, they fol as [...]ne into the Ocean, wherof let this ſuffice for the deſcription of the Iuel, whoſe ſtreame doth water al the weſt part of Somerſetſhire and leaue it very fruitfull.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 The Brier, Bruer, or Bréer,Brier. ryſeth of two waters, wherof one is in Selwood foreſt, and commeth downe by Bruecombe, Bruham,Lelãd wry+teth ye firſt Brieuelus & the ſeconde Mellodun [...] or ye Mil|ton water. and Bruton. The other which Lelãd nameth Mellos, is northeaſt of Staffordell towne, & goyng by the ſame, it runneth by Redlinche, to Wike where it meteth with the other hed, and thence go on as one to Awnſford, Alford (where it taketh in a water called Dulis frõ by north that ryſeth nere Dolting,Dulis. and com|meth by Euerchurch parke) then to the Lid|fordes, Baſborow wood, the Tor hil,Soway. Pont perilous bridg (wherinto they fable that Ar|thur beyng wounded to death did throw Ca|lybur hys ſword) by Glaſſenbury and ſo into the Méere. Beſide this riuer there are two o|ther alſo that fall into the ſaid Méere, wherof the one called Soway commeth from Crée|church parke, & Pulton by Hartlack bridge, the other named Cos or the Coſcombe wa|ter, from aboue Shepton,Cos. Mallet (which eaſt of Wyke taketh in a water commyng from Welles) by Wyke, Gedney, and ſo into the Méere. Finally, returning all into one cha|nell it runneth to Burtlehouſe, and ſoone af|ter diuiding it ſelfe, one arme goeth by Ba|ſtian aliâs Brent bridge, to High bridge, lea|uyng Hunteſpill a market towne by South weſt, the other by Marke to Rokes bridge, Hebbes paſſage, and ſo into the ſea, leauing a faire Iſland wherin beſide Brentmarſh are 7. or 8. townes, wherof Vphill is none, which is contrary to my former aſſertion, and here in therfore not onely the ſame, but alſo an o|ther errour in the name of this riuer is wor|thy to be redreſſed, beſide a third touching the courſe of the ſaid Axe, which brauncheth not ſo low, but rather runneth into the braunche of Brier that lyeth moſt eaſterly, as experi|ence by the eie of him that of ſet purpoſe hath of late ridden to view it, doth manifeſtly con|firme. Now as touching the water that com|meth from Wels, which falleth as I ſaid in|to ye Coſcomb water on the right hand of the Cawſey. You ſhall vnderſtand that as many ſprings are in Wels, ſo the chiefe of them is named Andres well, which ryſeth in a me|dow plat not farre from the eaſt ende of the cathedrall church, and afterward goeth into the Coſcomb, in ſuch place as I haue noted. EEBO page image 67 Leland ſpeaketh of the Milton and Golafer waters,Milton. Golafer. which ſhould fall likewyſe into the Brier, but whether thoſe be they wherof the one ryſeth aboue Staffordell, and in the diſ|cent runneth by Shipton, Pitcomb, and ſo to Awnſford on the one ſide, as the other doth riſe betwene Batcomb and Vpton noble on the other halfe: or vnto whether of them ey|ther of theſe names are ſeuerally to be attri|buted, as yet I do not read.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Axe. 2. The Che|der brooke, driueth .12. milles within a quarter of a myle of his heade.The ſecond Axe iſſueth out of Owky hole, from whence it goeth by Owky towne, af|terward meeting with the Chederbrook that commeth from the Cheder rocks, it runneth by Were, Ratcliffe, and after a little com|paſſe into the northeaſt braunch of the afore|ſayde riuer laſt deſcribed, betwene Rokes bridge and Hebbes paſſage, as I haue bene informed.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Bane.From the fall of Axe we come to an other called Bane, northeſt of Woodſpring, whoſe hed is about Banwel parke, or els in Smal|don wood. Then to another, and to the third, called Artro,Artro. which riſeth about Litton, and goyng by the Artroes, Vbbey, Perrybridge (receiuyng a rill ere it come the [...]her from by ſouth) beneth Cungeſbiry, or as I learne be|twene Kingſton and Laurens Wike it mée|teth with the ſea.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Sotteſ|pill.Sotteſpill water ryſeth betwene Cheue|ley and Naileſey, howbeit it hath no en|creaſe before it come into the ſea at Sotte|ſpill, more then the next vnto it, which is na|med Cleueden water, of a certaine towne néere to the fall therof. It ryſeth ſoutheaſt of Barrow,Cleueden goeth by Burton Naileſey, and ſo vnto Cleuedon.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 Auon. 3.The Auon commonly called the third Auon is a goodly water, and growen to be very fa|mous by ſondry occaſions, to be particularly touched in our deſcriptiõ of Briſtowe. It ry|ſeth in the very edge of Tetbury, and goeth by long Newtõ to Brokenton, Whitchurch, and Malmſbury, where it receiueth two wa|ters, that is to ſay, one from by weſt cõming by Foxeley, and Bromleham, which rũneth ſo néere to the Auon in the weſt ſuburbe of Malmeſbury, that the towne thereby is al|moſt made an Iſland. Another from Okeſey parke by Hankerton, Charleton, and Gareſ|den. After this confluence it haſteth to Cole parke, then goeth it toward the ſoutheaſt, till it méete with a water comming from ſouth weſt (betwene Hullauington and Bradfield) by Aſton: and ſoone after with another at the northſide from Bynall by Wootton Baſſet (thorow the parke to Gretenham, and Ido|uer bridges) and after ye confluẽce to Daunt|ſey, Segar, Sutton, Chriſtmalford, Auon, Calwaies houſe, & then to weſt Tetherton. Beneth this towne alſo it taketh in a water increaſed by two brokes, wherof one cõming from Cleue by Hilmarton, Whitley houſe and Bramble, (and there receiuyng another that commeth by Calne) paſſeth on by Stan|ley into the Auon, which from thẽceforth go|eth to Chippenham, Rowdon, Lekham, and then receiuing Coſham water, [...] goeth to La|cocke, Melſham, and ere it come at Whad|don, croſſeth two other in one chanell, wher|of one riſeth about Brumham houſe, and go|eth to Sene, the other about the Diuizes, and frõ thence runneth to Potterne wood, Creke|wood, Worton, Maſton, Bucklington, and ioyning with the other aboue Litleton, they run by Semmington, and north of Whad|don aforeſayd into the maine ſtreame, wher|of I now intreat. From hence our Auon run|neth to Stauerton, and ſouth weſt of that towne méeteth with the Were that cõmeth from Vpton by Dilton, Brooke parke (there croſſing a ril from Weſtbiry vnder ye plane) then to north Bradley, Trubridge, [...] and ſo in|to Auon that goeth from thence to Bradford, and within a myle or there about, before it come at Freſhford, it meteth with ye Frome, whoſe deſcription doth inſue.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 2 The Frome ryſeth in the eaſt part of Mẽ|dip hils, and from thence rũneth by Aſtwijc, [...] ye Cole pits, Lye vnder Mendippe, Whate|ley, Elmeſbridge, and ſoone after taketh in the Nonney water, [...] comming from Nonney caſtle, thẽce to Walles & Orcharley bridge, where it receiueth a prety brooke deſcending from Frome Selwoode weſt of Brackley, increaſed with ſundry rils, wherof two come out of Selwood forreſt (and one of them from the Fratry) another out of Long lead parke, from Horningſham, and the fourth from Coſley. Hence our Frome goeth to Lulling|ton, Beckington, Farley caſtle, Borde and Freſh foord, [...] and taking in the Silling brooke falleth into the Auon beneath Bradford, and eaſt of Freſhford. From thence goyng be|neath Stoke, it receyueth on the left hande a water commyng from ſouthweſt, increaſed by ſundry brookes, whereof one commeth frõ Camelet by Litleton, and Dankerton, the o|ther from Stone Eſton, Midſommer Nor|ton, by Welſton, Rodſtocke, Wrigleton, Foſcot, and Wellow (and there takyng in a rill from Phillips Norton, it goeth) by Cla|uerton to Hampton, & there it méeteth wyth another water commyng from Barthforde, whoſe hed is at Littleton, from whence it rũ|neth by weſt Kineton to Caſtle comb (where it ioyneth with a rill riſing by north from Litleton drue) and thence commeth ſouth to EEBO page image 58 Slaughtenford, Haſelbury, Box, Baithford, and ſo into the Auon, which turnyng playne weſt haſteth to Baithw [...]jc, and (méeting wt another in his paſſage from Coldaſton) to Bathe the Tiuertons and Coſton. Here alſo it taketh in a rill by the way from Markeſ|biry by Wilmerton and Newton, and then goyng on to Sawford, it méeteth with one rill ſoone after weſt of Northſtocke, called Swinford, [...]ford and another by Bittõ, from Dur|hain by Wike, and ſo procéedeth ſtil holding on his way to Cainſham, [...]ford [...]h [...]erſet [...]oce| [...] yres [...]er. where it croſſeth the Chute, which iſſueth at Winford, and go|eth by biſhops Chue to Penford, and there receiueth the Clue commyng from Cluton, and from thence to Chute, and ſo into Auon. The Auon likewyſe after all theſe confluen|ces goeth to Briſelton, and ſo to Briſtow, be|neath which it receyueth a rill on eche ſide, (whereof one commeth from aboute Stoke lodge in Glouceſter ſhire, beyng a faire wa|ter and running by Acton, Framptõ, Ham|broch, Stapleton, and thorow Briſtow, the other by ſouth from Dundrey hill & towne, by Biſport and Bedminſter) and ſo diſcen|ding yet lower, goeth to Rawneham paſſage & Clyfton, then by S. Vincentes rocke and Laie, next of all to Crocampill, and finally into the ſea, whether all waters by nature do reſort.

Compare 1587 edition: 1 Beſide this water, Leland maketh menti|on of Alderley brook, which in ſome auncient recordes is alſo called Auon, and runneth by Barkeley. In like maner he talketh of Dou|reſley becke, [...]rley [...]eſley. whoſe principal h [...]d is in Dou|reſley towne, howbeit he ſaith no thing of it more, then that it ſerueth ſundry t [...]cking l [...]o|king milles, [...]orth & goeth by Tortworth or foure miles further, before it come at the Sauern. Finally, making mention of an excellent quarrey of hard ſtone about Doureſley, he telleth of the Tortworth becke that runneth within a flight ſhot of Barkeley towne, and faileth on the left hande into Sauerne mar|ches, taking with all the Alderley or Auon, except I miſtake his meanyng, which may ſoone be done among his confuſed notes.

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1.11. Of such streames as fall into the sea, betweene the Thames and the mouth of the Sauerne. Chap. 12.

Of such streames as fall into the sea, betweene the Thames and the mouth of the Sauerne. Chap. 12.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 _AFter the Midwaie we haue the Stoure that riseth at Kingeswood,Stoure. which is fourtéene or fifteene miles from Canturburie. This riuer pas|seth by Ashford,Nailburne water also (as I heare) neer to Cantwar|birie, but I wote not whereabouts: sée Marianus Scotus. Wie, Nacking|ton, Canturburie, Fordish, Stan|dish, and Sturemouth, where it receiueth another riuer growing of three branches. After our Stoure or Sture parteth it self in twaine, & in such wise, that one arme therof goeth toward the north, and is called (when it commeth at the sea) the north mouth of Stoure; the other runneth southeast ward vp to Richborow, and so to Sandwich, from whence it goeth northeast againe and falleth into the sea. The issue of this later tract is called the hauen of Sandwich. And peraduenture the streame that com|meth downe thither, after the diuision of the Stoure, maie be the same which Beda calleth Wantsome;Wantsome. but as I cannot vndoo this knot at will, so this is cer|teine, that the Stoure on the one side, and peraduen|ture, the Wantsome on the other, parteth and cutteth the Tenet from the maine land of Kent, whereby it is left for an Iland.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 There are other little brookes which fall into the Stoure, whereof Leland speaketh, as Fishpoole becke that ariseth in Stonehirst wood, and meeteth with it foure miles from Canturburie: another beginneth at Chislet, and goeth into the Stoure gut, which sometime inclosed Thanet, as Leland saith: the third issueth out of the ground at Northburne (where Eadbert of Kent sometime past held his palace) and runneth to Sandwich hauen, as the said authour re|porteth: and the fourth called Bridgewater that ri|seth by S. Marie Burne church, and going by Bi|shops Burne, meeteth with Canturburie water at Stourmouth: also Wiham that riseth aboue Wi|ham short of Adsam, and falleth into Bridgewater at Dudmill, or Wenderton: and the third name|lesse, which riseth short of Wodensburgh (a towne wherein Hengist & the Saxons honored their grand idoll Woden, or Oshine) and goeth by Staple to Wingam: but sith they are obscure I will not touch them here. From hence passing by the Goodwine, a plot verie perilous for sea-faring men (sometime firme land, that is, vntill the tenth of the conque|rours sonne, whose name was William Rufus, and wherein a great part of the inheritance of erle Good|wine in time past was knowne to lie) but escaping it with case, we came at length to Douer. In all which voiage we found no streame, by reason of the cliffes that inuiron the said coast. Howbeit vpon the south side of Douer, there is a pretie fresh riuer, whose head ariseth at Erwell, not passing foure miles from the sea, and of some is called Dour,Dour. which in the British foong is a common name for waters, as is also the old British word Auon for the greatest riuers, into whose mouthes or falles shippes might find safe en|trance; and therefore such are in my time called ha|uens, a new word growen by an aspiration added to the old: the Scots call it Auen. But more of this else-where, sith I am now onelie to speake of Dour, wherof it is likelie that the towne & castell of Douer did sometime take the name. From hence we go toward the Camber (omitting peraduenture here and there sundrie small creeks void of backwater by the waie) whereabouts the Rother a noble riuer fal|leth into the sea. This RotherRother. separateth Sussex from Kent, and hath his head in Sussex, not farre from Argas hill néere to Waterden forrest, and from thence directeth his course vnto Rotherfield. After this it goeth to Ethlingham or Hitchingham, and so foorth by Newendon vnto Mattham ferrie, where it diuideth it selfe in such wise, that one branch thereof goeth to Appledoure (where is a castell some|time builded by the Danes, in the time of Alfred, as they did erect another at Middleton, and the third at Beamflete) and at this towne, where it méeteth the BilieBilie. that riseth about Bilsington, the other by I|den, so that it includeth a fine parcell of ground cal|led Oxneie, which in time past was reputed as a par|cell of Sussex; but now vpon some occasion or other (to me vnknowne) annexed vnto Kent. From hence also growing into some greatnesse, it runneth to Rie, where it méeteth finallie with the Becke,Becke. which commeth from Beckleie: so that the plot wherein Rie standeth, is in manner a by-land or peninsula, as experience doth confirme. Leland and most men are of the likeliest opinion, that this riuer should be called the Limen, which (as Peter of Cornhull saith)Limenus. doth issue out of Andredeswald, where the head there|of is knowne to be. Certes, I am of the opinion, that it is called the Rother vnto Appledoure, & from thence the Limen, bicause the Danes are noted to enter into these parts by the Limen; and sailing on the same to Appledoure, did there begin to fortifie, as I haue noted alreadie. Howbeit, in our time it is knowne by none other name than the Rother or Ap|pledoure water, whereof let this suffice.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Being thus crossed ouer to the west side of Rie hauen, & in vewing the issues that fall into the same, I meet first of all with a water that groweth of two brookes, which come downe by one chanell into the east side of the mouth of the said port. The first ther|fore that falleth into it descendeth from Beckleie or thereabouts (as I take it) the next runneth along by Pesemarsh, & soone after ioining with all, they hold on as one, till they fall into the same at the westerlie side of Rie: the third streame commeth from the north, and as it mounteth vp not farre from Mun|field, so it runneth betweene Sescambe and Wack|linton néere vnto Bread, taking another rill with|all that riseth (as I heare) not verie far from West|field. There is likewise a fourth that groweth of two heads betweene Ielingham and Pet, and going by Winchelseie it méeteth with all about Rie hauen, so that Winchelseie standeth inuironed on thrée parts with water, and the streames of these two that I haue last rehearsed.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The water that falleth into the Ocean, a mile by southwest of Hastings, or therabouts, is called Aestus Aestus. or Asten: perhaps of Hasten or Hasting the Dane, (who in time past was a plague to France and Eng|land) & rising not far from Penhirst, it meeteth with the sea (as I heare) by east of Hollington. Buluer|hithBuluerhithe. is but a creeke (as I remember) serued with no backewater; and so I heare of Codding or Old ha|uen, wherefore I meane not to touch them.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Into Peuenseie hauen diuerse waters doo resort,Peuensete. and of these, that which entereth into the same on the east side riseth out from two heads, where of the most easterlie is called Ash, the next vnto the Burne,Ash. Burne. and vniting themselues not farre from Ashburne, they continue their course vnder the name and title of Ashburne water, as I read. The second that com|meth thereinto issueth also of two heads, whereof the one is so manie miles from Boreham, the other not EEBO page image 54 far from the Parke east of Hellingstowne, and both of them concurring southwest of Hirstmowsen, they direct their course toward Peuenseie (beneath which they meet with another rising at Foington) and thence go in one chanell for a mile or more, till they fall togither into Peuenscie hauen.Cucomarus. The Cuck|mer issueth out at seuerall places, and hereof the more easterlie branch commeth from Warbleton ward, the other from Bishops wood, and méeting be|neth Halling, they run in one bottome by Micham Arlington, Wellington, old Frithstan, and so into the sea.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Unto the water that commeth out at Newha|uen,Isis, ni fallor. sundrie brookes and riuerets doo resort, but the chiefe head riseth toward the west, somewhat be|twéene Etchinford and Shepleie, as I heare. The first water therefore that falleth into the same on the east side, issueth out of the ground about Uertwood, and running from thence by Langhton and Ripe, on the west side; it falleth into the aforesaid riuer be|neath Forle and Glime, or thrée miles lower than Lewis, if the other buttall like you not. The next herevnto hath his head in Argas hill, the third des|cendeth from Ashedon forrest, and ioining with the last mentioned, they crosse the maine riuer a little beneath Isefield. The fourth water commeth from Ashedon forrest by Horstéed Caines (or Dusestate Caines) and falleth into the same, likewise east of Linfield. Certes I am deceiued if this riuer be not called Isis, after it is past Isefield.Sturewell. The fift riseth a|bout Storuelgate, and meeteth also with the maine streame aboue Linfield, and these are knowen to lie vpon the right hand as we rowed vp the riuer. On the other side are onelie two, whereof the first hath his originall neere vnto Wenefield, and holding on his course toward the east, it meeteth with his mai|ster betweene Newicke and Isefield (or Ifield) as some read it.Plimus. The last of all commeth from Pli|modune or Plumpton, and hauing met in like sort with the maine riuer about Barcham, it runneth foorth with it, & they rest in one chanell by Barcham, Hamseie, Malling, Lewis, Piddingburne, and so foorth into the maine.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The next riuer that we came vnto west of Bright|hemston is the Sore,Soru. which notwithstanding I find to be called Brember water, in the ancient map of Marton colledge in Oxford: but in such sort (as I take it) as the Rother or Limen is called Appledoure streame, bicause of the said towne that standeth ther|vpon. But to procéed, it is a pleasant water, & there|to if you consider the situation of his armes, and branches from the higher grounds, verie much re|sembling a foure stringed whip. Whereabout the head of this riuer is, or which of these branches may safelie be called Sora from the rising, in good sooth I cannot say. For after we had passed nine or ten mils thereon vp into the land, suddenlie the crosse waters stopped vs, so that we were inforced to turne either east or west, for directlie foorth-right we had no waie to go. The first arme on the right hand as we went, riseth out of a parke by south of Alborne, and going on for a certeine space toward the northwest, it tur|neth southward betwéene Shermonburie and Twin|ham, and soone after méeteth with the Bimar,Bimarus. not much south from Shermonburie, whence they run to|gither almost two miles, till they fall into the Sore. That on the west side descendeth from about Bil|lingeshirst, & going toward the east, it crosseth with the fourth (which riseth a litle by west of Thacam) east from Pulborow, and so they run as one into the Sore, that after this confluence hasteth it selfe south|ward by Brember, Burleis, the Combes, and yer long into the Ocean.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Arun (of which beside Arundell towne the ca|stellArunus. and the vallie wherin it runneth is called Val|lis Aruntina, or Arundale in English) is a goodlie wa|ter, and thereto increased with no small number of excellent & pleasant brookes. It springeth vp of two heads, whereof one descendeth from the north not far from Gretham, and going by Lis, méeteth with the next streame (as I gesse) about Doursford house. The second riseth by west from the hils that lie toward the rising of the sunne from East maine, and run|neth by Peterfield. The third commeth from Beri|ton ward, and ioineth with the second betwéene Pe|terfield and Doursford, after which confluence they go togither in one chanell still toward the east (ta|king a rill with them that cõmmeth betwéene Fer|nehirst and S. Lukes chappell, southwest of Linch|mere, and meeting with it east of Loddesworth (as I doo read, and likewise sundrie other in one chanell beneath Stopham) to Waltham, Burie, Houghton, Stoke, Arundell, Tortington ford, Climping (all on the west side) and so into the sea.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Hauing thus described the west side of Arun, let vs doo the like with the other in such sort as we best may. The first riuer that we come vnto therfore on the east side, and also the second, rise of sundrie places in S. Leonards forrest, & ioining a little aboue Horsham, they méet with the third, which commeth from Ifield parke, not verie farre from Slinfeld. The fourth hath two heads, whereof one riseth in Witleie parke, the other by west, neere vnto Heselméere chappell, and meeting by west of Doursfeld, they vnite themselues with the chanell, growing by the confluence that I spake of beneath Slinfeld, a little aboue Billing|shirst. The last water commeth from the hils aboue Linchemere, and runneth west and south, and pas|sing betwéene Billingthirst and Stopham, it com|meth vnto the chanell last mentioned, and so into the Arun beneath Stopham, without anie further in|crease, at the least that I doo heare of.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 3 Burne hath his issue in a parke néere Aldingbur|rie (or rather a little aboue the same toward the north,Burne. as I haue since beene informed) and running by the bottomes toward the south, it falleth betwéene north Berflete and Flesham. Erin riseth of sundrie heads,Elin. by east of Erinleie, and directing his course toward the sunne rising, it peninsulateth Seleseie towne on the southwest and Pagham at northwest. Deel springeth about Benderton,Delus. and thence run|ning betwéene middle Lauant and east Lauant, it goeth by west of west Hampnet, by east of Chiche|ster, or west of Rumbaldesdowne, and afterward by Fishburne, where it meeteth with a rill comming north west from Funtingdon (a little beneath the towne) & then running thus in one streame toward the sea, it méeteth with another rillet comming by north of Bosham, and so into Auant gulfe by east of Thorneie Iland.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 3 4 The Racon riseth by east of Racton or Racodu|num (as Leland calleth it) and comming by Chid|ham,Racunus. it falleth into the sea, northeast of Thorneie a|foresaid. The Emill commeth first betwéene Rac|ton and Stansted,Emill. then downe to Emilsworth or Emmesworth, & so vnto the Ocean, separating Sus|sex from Hampshire almost from the very head. Ha|uing in this maner passed along the coasts of Sus|sex, the next water that I remember, riseth by east of the forrest of Estbirie, from whence it goeth by Southwike, west Burhunt, Farham, and so into the gulfe almost full south.Badunus forre Then come we to Bedenham creeke (so called of a village standing thereby) the mouth whereof lieth almost directlie against Porche|ster castell, which is situat about three miles by wa|ter from Portesmouth towne, as Leland dooth re|port. Then go we within halfe a mile further to Forten creeke,Forten or Fordon. which either giueth or taketh name of EEBO page image 55 a village hard by.Osterpoole. After this we come to Osterpoole lake, a great créeke, that goeth vp by west into the land, and lieth not far from a round turret of stone, from whence also there goeth a chaine to another tower on the east side directlie ouer against it, the like whereof is to be séene in diuerse other hauens of the west countrie, wherby the entrance of great ves|sels into that part may be at pleasure restreined.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 From hence we go further to Tichefeld water, that riseth about Eastmaine parke,Tichefield. ten or twelue miles by northeast or there abouts from Tichefeld. From Eastmaine it goeth (parting the forrests of Waltham, and Eastberie by the way) to Wicham or Wicombe, a pretie market towne & large through|fare, where also the water separateth it selfe into two armelets, and going vnder two bridges of wood commeth yer long againe vnto one chanell. From hence it goeth three or foure miles further, to a bridge of timber by maister Writhoseleies house (leauing Tichfeld towne on the right side) and a little beneath runneth vnder Ware bridge, whither the sea floweth as hir naturall course inforceth. Finallie, within a mile of this bridge it goeth into the water of Hamp|ton hauen, whervnto diuerse streames resort, as you shall heare hereafter.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 After this we come to Hamble hauen,Hamelrish. or Hamel|rish créeke, whose fall is betwéene saint Andrewes castell, and Hoke. It riseth about Shidford in Wal|tham forrest, & when it is past Croke bridge, it mée|teth with another brooke, which issueth not farre from Bishops Waltham, out of sundrie springs in the high waie on Winchester, from whence it passeth (as I said) by Bishops Waltham, then to Budeleie or Botleie, and then ioining with the Hamble, they run togither by Prowlingsworth, Upton, Brusill, Hamble towne, and so into the sea.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Now come we to the hauen of Southhampton,Southhamp|ton. by Ptolomie called Magnus portus, which I will briefelie describe so néere as I can possiblie. The bredth or entrie of the mouth hereof (as I take it) is by estimation two miles from shore to shore. At the west point therof also is a strong castell latelie buil|ded, which is rightlie named Caldshore, but now Cawshot, I wote not by what occasion. On the east side thereof also is a place called Hoke (afore men|tioned) or Hamell hoke; wherein are not aboue thrée or foure fisher houses, not worthie to be remembred. This hauen shooteth vp on the west side by the space of seuen miles, vntill it come to Hampton towne, standing on the other side, where it is by estimation a mile from land to land. Thence it goeth vp further about thrée miles to Redbridge, still ebbing and flow|ing thither, and one mile further, so farre as my me|morie dooth serue mée. Now it resteth that I describe the Alresford streame, which some doo call the Arre or Arle, and I will procéed withall in this order fol|lowing.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Alresford beginneth of diuerse faire springs,Alresford. about a mile or more frõ Alresford, or Alford as it is now called, and soone after resorting to one bottome, they become a broad lake, which for the most part is called Alford pond. Afterward returning againe to a narrow chanell, it goeth through a stone bridge at the end of Alford towne (leauing the towne it selfe on the lest hand) toward Hicthingstocke thrée miles off, but yet it commeth there, it receiueth two rils in one bottome, whereof one commeth from the Forrest in maner at hand, and by northwest of old Alresford, the other frõ Browne Candiuer, that go|eth by Northenton, Swarewotton, Aberstone, &c: vntill we méet with the said water beneath Alford towne. Being past Hichinstocke, it commeth by A|nington to Eston village, and to Woorthie, where it beginneth to branch, and ech arme to part it selfe in|to other that resort to Hide and the lower soiles by east of Winchester, there seruing the stréets, the close of S. Maries, Wolueseie, and the new college verie plentifullie with their water. But in this meane while, the great streame commeth from Worthie to the east bridge, and so to saint Elizabeth college, where it dooth also part in twaine, enuiro|ning the said house in most delectable maner. After this it goeth toward S. Crosses, leauing it a quarter of a mile on the right hand: then to Twiford (a mile lower) where it gathereth againe into one bottome, and goeth six miles further to Woodmill, taking the Otter brooke withall on the east side,Otter. and so into the salt créeke that leadeth downe to the hauen.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 On the other side of Southhampton, there resor|teth into this hauen also both the Test & the Stock|bridge water in one bottome,Stocke. whereof I find this large description insuing. The verie head of the Stockewater, is supposed to be somewhere about Basing stoke, or church Hockleie, and going from thence betwéene Ouerton and Steuenton, it com|meth at last by Lauerstocke & Whitchurch, and soone after receiuing a brooke by northwest, called the Bourne (descending from S. Marie Bourne,Bourne. south|east from Horsseburne) it procéedeth by Long paroch and the wood, till it meet with the Cranburne, on the cast side (a pretie riuelet rising about Michelneie, and going by Fullington, Barton, and to Cram|burne) thence to Horwell in one bottome, beneath which it meeteth with the Andeuer water, that is in|creased yer it come there by an other brooke, whose name I doo not know. This Andeuer streame riseth in Culhamshire forrest, not far by north from Ande|uer towne, and going to vpper Clatford, yer it touch there it receiueth the rill of which I spake before, which rising also néeer vnto Anport, goeth to Monke|ton, to Abbatesham, the Andeuer, and both (as I said) vnto the Test beneath Horwell, whereof I spake e|uen now.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 These streames being thus brought into one bot|tome, it runneth toward the south vnder Stock|bridge, and soone after diuiding it selfe in twaine, one branch thereof goeth by Houghton, & a little beneath meeteth with a rill, that commeth from bywest of S. Ans hill, and goeth by east of vpper Wallop, west of nether Wallop, by Bucholt forrest, Broughton, and called (as I haue béene informed) the Gallop, but now it is named Wallop.Ualopius. The other arme runneth through the parke, by north west of kings Som|burne, and vniting themselues againe, they go forth by Motteshunt, and then receiue the Test,Test. a pretie water rising in Clarendun parke, that goeth by west Deane, and east Deane, so to Motteshunt, and finallie to the aforesaid water, which from thence|foorth is called the Test, euen vnto the sea. But to procéed. After this confluence, it taketh the gate to Kimbebridge, then to Rumseie, Longbridge, and be|neath the same receiueth a concourse of two rilles whereof the one commeth from Sherefield, the other from the new Forrest, and ioining in Wadeleie parke, they beat vpon the Test, not verie farre from Murseling. From thence the Test goeth vnder a pretie bridge, before it come at Redbridge, from whence it is not long yer it fall into the hauen.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The next riuer that runneth into this port, spring|eth in the new Forrest, and commeth thereinto a|bout. Eling,Eling. not passing one mile by west of the fall of Test. From hence casting about againe into the maine sea, and leauing Calde shore castell on the right hand, we directed our course toward the south|west, vnto Beaulieu hauen, whereinto the Mineie descendeth. The Mineie riseth not far from Mineie|stéed,Mineie. a village in the north part of the new Forrest; and going by Beaulieu, it falleth into the sea south|west, EEBO page image 56 west (as I take it) of Exburie, a village standing vpon the shore.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Being past the Mineie,Limen. we crossed the Limen as it is now called, whose head is in the verie hart of the new Forrest (sometime conuerted into a place of nourishment for déere by William Rufus, buieng his pleasure with the ruine of manie towns and vil|lages, as diuerse haue inclosed or inlarged their parks by the spoile of better occupiengs) & running southwest of Lindhirst & the parke, it goeth by east of Brokenhirst, west of Bulder, & finallie into the sea south and by east of Lemington. I take this not to be the proper name of the water, but of the hauen, for Limen in Gréeke is an hauen: so that Limendune is nothing else, but a downe or higher plot of ground lieng on the hauen: neuerthelesse, sith this denomi|nation of the riuer hath now hir frée passage, I think it not conuenient to séeke out any other name that should be giuen vnto it. The next fall that we passed by is namelesse, except it be called Bure, & as it des|cendeth from new Forrest,Bure. so the next vnto it hight Mile,Milis. as I haue heard in English. Certes the head thereof is also in the southwest part of the said For|rest, & the fall not far from Milford bridge, beyond the which I find a narrow going or strictland leading fro the point to Hirst castell which standeth into the sea, as if it hoong by a thred, from the maine of the Iland, readie to be washed awaie by the continuall wor|king and dailie beating of the waues.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The next riuer that we came vnto of anie name is the Auon,Auon. which (as Leland saith) riseth by northeast, and not far from Woolfehall in Wilthshire, supposed to be the same which Ptolomie called Halenus. The first notable bridge that it runneth vnto, is at Upha|uen, thence foure miles further it goeth to little Am|bresburie, and there is another bridge, from thence to Woodford village, standing at the right hand banke, and Newton village on the left. The bishops of Sa|rum had a proper manor place at Woodford, which bishop Shaxton pulled downe altogither, bicause it was somewhat in ruine. Thence it goeth to Fisher|ton bridge, to Cranebridge, old Salisburie, new Sa|lisburie, and finallie to Harnham, which is a statelie bridge of stone, of six arches at the least. There is at the west end of the said bridge, a little Iland, that lieth betwixt this and another bridge, of foure pretie arches, and vnder this later runneth a good round streame, which (as I take it) is a branch of Auon, that breaketh out a little aboue, & soone after it reuniteth it selfe againe: or else that Wilton water hath there his entrie into the Auon, which I cannot yet deter|mine. From Harneham bridge it goeth to Doun|ton, that is about foure miles, and so much in like sort from thence to Fordingbridge, to Kingwood bridge fiue miles, to Christes church Twinham fiue miles, and streight into the sea; and hitherto Leland of this streame, which for the worthinesse thereof (in mine o|pinion) is not sufficientlie described. Wherefore I thinke good to deliuer a second receiued of another, which in more particular maner dooth exhibit his course vnto vs.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Certes this Auon is a goodlie riuer, rising (as I said before néere) vnto Wolfe hall; although he that will séeke more scrupulouslie for the head in déed, must looke for the same about the borders of the for|rest of Sauernake (that is Soure oke) which lieth as if it were imbraced betwéene the first armes thereof, as I haue beene informed. These heads also doo make a confluence by east of Martinshall hill, and west of Wootton. From whence it goeth to Milton, Pow|seie, Manningfield abbeie, Manningfield crosse, and beneath Newington taketh in one rill west from Rudborow, and another a little lower that riseth also west of Alcanninges, and runneth into the same by Patneie, Merden, Wilford, Charleton, and Rusti|sall. Being therefore past Newington, it goeth to Uphauen (whereof Leland speaketh) to Chesilburie, Compton, Ablington, little Almsburie, Darntford, Woodford, old Salisburie, and so to new Salisburie, where it receiueth one notable riuer from by north|west, & another from north east, which two I will first describe, leauing the Auon at Salisburie for a while. The first of these is called the Wilugh,Wilugh. whereof the whole shire dooth take hir name, and not of the great plentie of willowes growing therein, as some fanta|sticall heads doo imagine: whereof also there is more plentie in that countrie than is to be found in other places. It riseth among the Deuerels, and running thence by hill Deuerell, & Deuerell long bridge, it go|eth toward Bishops straw, taking in one rill by west & another from Upton by Werminster at northwest. From Bishops straw it goeth to Norton, Upton, Badhampton, Steplinford, and Stapleford, where it meeteth with the Winterburie water from by north, descending from Maddenton by Winterburne. From Stapleford it hasteth to Wishford, Newton, Chilhampton, Wilton: and thither commeth a wa|ter vnto it from southwest, which riseth of two heads aboue Ouerdonet. After this it goeth by Wordca|stell, to Tisburie, and there receiueth a water on ech side, whereof one commeth from Funthill, the other from two issues (of which one riseth at Austie, the o|ther at Swalodise) and so keeping on still with his course, our Wilugh runneth next of all by Sutton. Thence it goeth to Fouant, Boberstocke, Southbur|combe, Wilton (where it taketh in the Fomington or Nader water) Westharnam,Nader becke. Salisburie, and Eastharnam: and this is the race of Wilugh.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The other is a naked arme or streame without a|nie branches. It riseth aboue Colingburne King|ston in the hils, and thence it goeth to Colingburne, the Tidworths (whereof the more southerlie is in Wiltshire) Shipton, Cholterton, Newton, Toneie, Idmerson, Porton, the Winterburns, Lauerstocke, and so into Auon east of Salisburie. And thus is the confluence made of the aforesaid waters, with this our second Auon,Becquith brooke. whereinto another water falleth (calleth Becquithes brooke) a mile beneath Harne|ham bridge, whose head is fiue miles from Sarum, and thrée miles aboue Becquithes bridge, as Leland dooth remember,Chalkeburne. who noteth the Chalkeburne water to haue his due recourse also at this place into the a|foresaid riuer. Certes it is a pretie brooke, and riseth six miles from Shaftesburie, and in the waie toward Salisburie in a bottome on the right hand, whence it commeth by Knighton and Fennistratford, to Hon|ington, that is about twelue miles from the head, and about two miles and an halfe from Honington be|neath O [...]stocke, goeth into the Auon, a mile lower than Harnham bridge, except he forget himselfe. This Harnham, whereof I now intreat, was some|time a pretie village before the erection of new Sa|lisburie, and had a church of S. Martin belonging vnto it, but now in stéed of this church, there is one|lie a barne standing in a verie low mead on the northside of S. Michaels hospitall. The cause of the relinquishing of it was the moistnesse of the soile, verie oft ouerflowne. And whereas the kings high waie laie sometimes through Wilton, licence was obteined of the king and Richard bishop of Salisbu|rie, to remooue that passage vnto new Salisburie in like maner, and vpon this occasion was the maine bridge made ouer Auon at Harneham. By this ex|change of the waie also old Salisburie fell into vtter decaie,Thrée towns decaied by changing one waie. & Wilton which was before the head towne of the shire, and furnished with twelue parish chur|ches, grew to be but a poore village, and of small re|putation. Howbeit, this was not the onelie cause of EEBO page image 57 the ruine of old Salisburie, sith I read of two other, whereof the first was a salue vnto the latter, as I take it. For whereas it was giuen out, that the townesmen wanted water in old Salisburie, it is flat otherwise; sith that hill is verie plentifullie ser|ued with springs and wels of verie swéet water. The truth of the matter therefore is this.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 In the time of ciuill warres, the souldiors of the castell and chanons of old Sarum fell at ods, inso|much that after often bralles, they fell at last to sad blowes.An holie conflict. It happened therefore in a rogation weeke that the cleargie going in solemne procession, a con|trouersie fell betwéene them about certeine walkes and limits, which the one side claimed and the other denied. Such also was the hot intertainment on ech part, that at the last the Castellanes espieng their time, gate betwéene the cleargie and the towne, and so coiled them as they returned homeward, that they feared anie more to gang about their bounds for the yeare. Héerevpon the people missing their bellie cheare (for they were woont to haue banketing at euerie station, a thing commonlie practised by the re|ligious in old time, wherewith to linke in the com|mons vnto them, whom anie man may lead whither he will by the bellie, or as Latimer said, with beefe, bread and beere) they conceiued foorthwith a deadlie hatred against the Castellans. But not being able to cope with them by force of armes, they consulted with Richard Pore their bishop, and he with them so effectuallie, that it was not long yer they, I meane the chanons, began a new church vpon a péece of their owne ground called Mirifield, pretending to serue God there in better safetie, and with far more quietnesse than they could doo before. This church was begun 1219, the nine and twentith of Aprill, and finished with the expenses of 42000 marks,New Salis|burie begun. in the yeare 1260, and fiue & twentith of March, where|by it appeereth that it was aboue fortie yéers in hand, although the clearks were translated to the new towne 1220, or the third yeere after the fraie. The people also séeing the diligence of the chanons, and reputing their harmes for their owne inconueni|ence, were as earnest on the other sid [...] to be néere vnto these prelats, and therefore euerie man brought his house vnto that place, & thus became old Sarum in few yeeres vtterlie desolate, and new Salisburie raised vp in stéed thereof, to the great decaie also of Harnham and Wilton, whereof I spake of late. Neuerthelesse it should séeme to me that this new citie is not altogither void of some great hinderan|ces now and then by water: for in the second of Edward the second (who held a parlement there) there was a sudden thaw after a great frost, which caused the waters so fast to arise, that euen at high masse time the water came into the minster, and not onelie ouerflowed the nether part of the same, but came vp all to the kings pauase where he sate, whereby he became wetshod, and in the end inforced to leaue the church, as the executour did his masse, least they should all haue béene drowned: and this rage indured there for the space of two daies, where|vpon no seruice could be said in the said minster.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Now to returne againe from whence I thus di|gressed. Our Auon therefore departing from Salis|burie, goeth by Burtford, Longford, and taking in the waters afore mentioned by the waie, it goeth by Stanleie,Sturus. Dunketon, Craiford, Burgate, Fording bridge, Kingwood, Auon, Christes church; and finallie into the sea. But yer it come all there & a litle beneth Christes church, it crosseth the Stoure or S [...]ure, a ve|rie faire streame, whose course is such as may not be left vntouched. It riseth of six heads, whereof of thrée lie on the north side of the parke at [...] within the pale, the other rise without the parke; & of this riuer the towne and baronie of Sturfon dooth take his name as I gesse, for except my memorie do too much faile me, the lord Sturton giueth the six heads of the said water in his armes. But to procéed. After these bran [...]hes are conioined in one bottome, it goeth to long Laime mill, Stilton, Milton, and beneath Gil|lingham receiueth a water that descendeth from Mere. Thence the Sture goeth to Bugleie, Stoure, Westouer bridge, Stoure prouost, and yer long it taketh in the Cale water,Cale. from Pen that commeth downe by Wickhampton to Moreland, & so to Sta|pleford, seuen miles from Wickhampton, passing in the said voiage, by Wine Caunton, and the fiue bridges. After this confluence, it runneth to Hinton Maries,Lidden. Deuilis. and soone after crosseth the Lidden and Deui|lis waters all in one chanell, whereof the first riseth in Blackemore vale, and goeth to the bishops Caun|dell: the second in the hils south of Pulham, and so runneth to Lidlinch; the third water issueth néere Ibberton, and going by Fifehed to Lidlington, and there méeting with the Lidden,Iber. Blackewater. they receiue the Blackewater aboue Bagburne, and so go into the Stoure.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 After this the Stoure runneth on to Stoureton minster, Fitleford, Hammond, and soone after ta|king in one water that commeth from Hargraue by west Orchard, and a second from Funtmill, it goeth on to Chele, Ankeford, Handford, Durweston, Knighton, Brainston, Blandford, Charleton: and crossing yer long a rill that riseth about Tarrent, and goeth to Launston, Munketon, Caunston, Tar|rant, it proceedeth foorth by Shepw [...], and by and by receiuing another brooke on the right hand, that ri|seth about Strictland, and goeth by Quarleston, Whitchurch, Anderston, and Winterburne, it hast|eth forward to Stoureminster, Berford lake, Alen bridge, Winburne, aliàs Twinburne minster, whi|ther commeth a water called Alen (from Knolton, Wikehampton, Estambridge, Hinton, Barnsleie) which hath two heads, whereof one riseth short of Woodcotes, and east of Farneham, named Terig, the other at Munketon aboue S. Giles Winburne, and going thence to S. Giles Ashleie, it taketh in the Horton becke, as the Horton dooth the Cranburne. Finallie, méeting with the Terig aboue Knolton,This Stoure aboundeth with pike, perch, roch, dace, gudge|on and éeles. they run on vnder the name of Alen to the Stoure, which goeth to the Canfords, Preston, Kingston, Perleie, and Yolnest: but yer it come at Yolnest it taketh in two brookes in one bottome, whereof one commeth from Woodland parke by Holt parke, and Holt, another from aboue vpper Winburne, by Ed|mondesham, Uertwood, and Mannington, and ioi|ning about S. Leonards, they go to Hornebridge, and so into Stoure. After which confluence, the said Stoure runneth by Iuor bridge, and so into Auon, leauing Christs church aboue the méeting of the said waters (as I haue said before.)

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Hauing in this maner passed Christes church head we come to the fall of the Burne,Burne. which is a little brooke running from Stourefield heath, without branches; from whence we proceeded: & the next fall that we come vnto is Poole,Poole. from whose mouth vpon the shore, by southwest in a bale of thrée miles off, is a poore fisher towne called Sandwich, where we saw a péere and a little fresh brooke. The verie vtter part of saint Adelmes point, is fiue miles from Sand|wich. In another baie lieth west Lilleworth, where (as I heare) is some profitable harborough for ships. The to wite of Poole is from Winburne about foure miles, and it standeth almost as an Ile in the hauen. The hauen it selfe also, if a man should measure it by the circuit, wanteth little of twentie miles, as I did gesse by the view.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Going therefore into the same, betwéene the north EEBO page image 58 and the south points, to sée what waters were there, we left Brunkeseie Iland, and the castell on the left hand within the said points; and passing about by Pole, and leauing that créeke, bicause it hath no fresh, we came by Holton and Kesworth, where we beheld two falles, of which one was called the north, the other the south waters. The north streame hight Piddle as I heare.Piddle. It riseth about Alton, and goeth from thence to Piddle trench head, Piddle hinton, Walterstow, and yer it come at Birstam, receiueth Deuils brooke that commeth thither from Brugham and Melcombe by Deuilish towne.Deuit [...]s. Thence it goeth to Tow piddle, Ashe piddle, Turners piddle (taking in yer it come there, a water that runneth from Hel|ton by Middleton, Milburne & Biere) then to Hide, and so into Pole hauen, and of this water Marianns Scotus speaketh, except I be deceiued. The south wa|ter is properlie called Frome for Frame.Frome. It riseth néere vnto Euershot, and going downe by Frome|quitaine, Chelmington, and Catstocke, it receiueth there a rill from beside Rowsham, and Wraxehall. After this it goeth on to Chilfrome, and thence to Maden Newton,Ocus. where it méeteth with the Owke, that riseth either two miles aboue Hoke parke at Kenford, or in the great pond within Hoke parke, and going by the Tollards, falleth into the Frome about Maden Newton, & so go as one from thence to Fromevauchirch, Crokewaie, Frampton, and Muckilford, and receiueth néere vnto the same a rill from aboue Upsidling by S. Nicholas Sidling,Silleie. and Grimston. From hence it goeth on by Stratton and Bradford Peuerell, and beneath this Bradford, it crosseth the Silleie aliàs Minterne and Cherne brooks both in one chanell:Minterne Cherne. whereof the first riseth in vpper Cherne parish, the other at Minterne, and méeting aboue middle Cherne, they go by nether Cherne, Forston, Godmanston, and aboue Charneminster into Frome. In the meane time also our Frome brancheth and leaueth an Iland aboue Charnemin|ster, and ioining againe néere Dorchester, it goeth by Dorchester, and Forthington; but yer it come at Beckington, it meeteth with another Becke that runneth thereinto from Winterburne, Stapleton, Martinstow, Heringstow, Caine and Stafford, and from thence goeth without anie further increase as yet to Beckington, Knighton, Tinkleton, Morton, Wooll, Bindon, Stoke, & beneath Stoke receiueth the issue of the Luckeford lake,Luckford. from whence also it passeth by Eastholme, Warham, and so into the Baie.Séeke more for wilie brooke that goeth by west burie to Pole hauen. From this fall we went about the arme point by Slepe, where we saw a litle créeke, then by Owre, where we beheld an other, & then comming againe toward the entrance by saint Helens, and Furleie castell, we went abroad into the maine, and found our selues at libertie.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 When we were past Pole hauen, we lest the Hand|fast point, the Peuerell point, S. Adelmes chappell, and came at last to Lughport hauen, whereby and al|so to the Luckeford lake, all this portion of ground last remembred, is left in maner of a byland or peninsu|la, and called the Ile of Burbecke, wherein is good store of alum and hard stone. In like sort going still westerlie, we came to Sutton points, where is a créeke. Then vnto Waie or Wilemouth, by kings Welcombe, which is twentie miles from Pole, and whose head is not full foure miles aboue the hauen by northwest at Uphill in the side of a great hill. Hereinto when we were entred, we saw three falles, whereof the first and greatest commeth from Up|weie by Bradweie, and Radipoole, receiuing after|ward the second that ran from east Chekerell, and likewise the third that maketh the ground betwéene Weimouth and Smalmouth passage almost an I|land. There is a little barre of sand at the hauen mouth, and a great arme of the sea runneth vp by the right hand; and scant a mile aboue the hauen mouth on the shore, is a right goodlie and warlike castell made, which hath one open barbicane. This arme runneth vp also further by a mile as in a baie, to a point of land where a passage is into Portland, by a little course of pibble sand. It goeth vp also from the said passage vnto Abbatsbirie about seauen miles off, where a litle fresh rondell resorteth to the sea. And somewhat aboue this,Chesill. is the head or point of the Che|sill lieng northwest, which stretcheth vp from thence about seauen miles, as a maine narrow banke, by a right line vnto the southeast, and there abutteth vp|on Portland scant a quarter of a mile aboue the Newcastle there. The nature of this banke is such, that so often as the wind bloweth vehementlie at southeast, so often the sea beateth in, and losing the banke soketh through it: so that if this wind should blow from that corner anie long time togither, Port|land should be left an Iland as it hath béene before. But as the southwest wind dooth appaire this banke, so a northwest dooth barre it vp againe. It is pretie to note of the Townelet of Waimouth, which lieth streight against Milton on the other side, and of this place where the water of the hauen is but of small breadth, that a rope is commonlie tied from one side of the shore to another, whereby the ferrie men doo guide their botes without anie helpe of Ores. But to procéed with our purpose. Into the mouth of this riuer doo ships often come for succour.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Going by Portland and the point thereof cal|led the Rase, we sailed along by the Shingle, till we came by saint Katharins chappell, where we saw the fall of a water that came downe from Blackdéene Beaconward, by Portsham and Ab|batsburie. Thence we went to another that fell into the sea, neere Birton, and descended from Litton by Chilcombe,Bride. Nature hath set the mouth of this riuer in maner be|twixt two hils, so that a little cost would make an hauẽ there. then vnto the Bride or Brute port, a pre|tie hauen, and the riuer it selfe serued with sundrie waters. It riseth halfe a mile or more aboue Bemi|ster, and so goeth from Bemister to Netherburie by Parneham, then to Melplash, and so to Briteport, where it taketh in two waters from by east in one chanell, of which one riseth east of Nettlecourt, and goeth by Porestoke and Milton, the other at Asker|well, and runneth by Longlether. From hence also our Bride going toward the sea,Simen. taketh the Simen on the west that commeth by Simensburge into the same, the whole streame soone after falling into the sea, and leauing a pretie haue not.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The next port is the Chare,Chare. serued with two rits in one confluence, beneath Charemouth. The cheefe head of this riuer is (as Leland saith) in Marshwood parke, and commeth downe by Whitechurch: the o|ther runneth by west of Wootton, and méeting be|neath Charemouth towne (as I said) dooth fall into the sea. Then came we to the Cobbe, and beheld the Lime water,Buddle. which the townesmen call the Buddle, which commeth about thrée miles by north of Lime, from the hils, fleting vpon Rockie soile, and so falleth into the sea. Certes, there is no hauen héere that I could sée, but a quarter of a mile by west southwest of the towne, is a great and costlie iuttie in the sea for succour of ships. The towne is distant from Coliton, about fiue miles. And heere we ended our voiage from the Auon, which conteineth the whole coast of Dorcester, or Dorcetshire, so that next we must enter into Summerset countie, and see what waters are there.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The first water that we méet withall in Sum|mersetshire is the Axe,Axe. which riseth in a place called Are knoll, longing to sir Giles Strangwaie, néere vnto Cheddington in Dorsetshire, from whence it runneth to Mosterne, Feborow, Claxton, Weiford EEBO page image 59 bridge, Winsham foord, and receiuing one rill from the east by Hawkechurch, and soone after another comming from northwest by Churchstoke, from Wainbroke, it goeth to Axeminster, beneath which it crosseth the Yare,Yare aliàs A [...]rte. that commeth from about Buck|land, by Whitstaunton, Yarecombe, Long bridge, Stockeland, Kilmington bridge (where it receiueth a brooke from by south, that runneth by Dalwood) and so into the Axe. From hence our Axe goeth to Drake, Musburie, Culliford: but yer it come altogi|ther at Culliford, it méeteth with a water that riseth aboue Cotleie, and goeth from thence by Widwor|thie, Culliton, and there receiuing a rill also, procée|deth on after the confluence aboue Culliford bridge, into the Axe, and from thence hold on togither into the maine sea, whereinto they fall vnder the roots of the winter cliffes, the points of them being almost a mile in sunder. The most westerlie of them called Berewood, lieth within halfe a mile of Seton.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 But the other toward the east is named White|cliffe, of which I saie no more, but that

in the time of Athelstane, the greatest nauie that euer aduentu|red into this Iland, arriued at Seton in Deuon|shire, being replenished with aliens that sought the conquest of this Iland, but Athelstane met and in|countered with them in the field, where he ouerthrew six thousand of his aforesaid enimies. Not one of them also that remained aliue, escaped from the battell without some deadlie or verie gréeuous wound. In this conflict moreouer were slaine fiue kings, which were interred in the churchyard of Axe minster, and of the part of the king of England were killed eight earles of the chéefe of his nobilitie, and they also buried in the churchyard aforesaid. Héervn|to it addeth how the bishop of Shireburne was in like sort slaine in this battell, that began at Brune|dune neere to Coliton, and indured euen to Axe min|ster, which then was called Brunberie or Brunburg. The same daie that this thing happened the sunne lost his light, and so continued without anie bright|nesse, vntill the setting of that planet, though other|wise the season was cléere and nothing cloudie.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 As for the hauen which in times past as I haue heard, hath béene at Sidmouth (so called of Sidde a rillet that runneth thereto) and likewise at Seton,Sidde. Seton. I passe it ouer, sith now there is none at all. Yet hath there béene sometime a notable one, albeit, that at this present betweene the two points of the old ha|uen, there lieth a mightie bar of pibble stones, in the verie mouth of it, and the riuer Axe is driuen to the verie east point of the hauen called White cliffe. Thereat also a verie little gull goeth into the sea, whither small fisherbotes doo oft resort for succour. The men of Seton began of late to stake and make a maine wall within the hauen to haue changed the course of the Axe, and (almost in the middle of the old hauen) to haue trenched through the Chesill, thereby to haue let out the Axe, & to haue taken in the maine sea, but I heare of none effect that this attempt did come vnto.Colie. From Seton westward lieth Coliton, about two miles by west northwest, whereof riseth the riuer Colie, which going by the aforesaid towne, passeth by Colecombe parke, and afterward falleth betweene Axe bridge and Axe mouth towne into the Axe riuer.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 3 4 By west of Bereworth point lieth a créeke, ser|ued (so farre as I remember) with a fresh water that commeth from the hilles south of SoutleieSid. or Brans|combe. Sidmouth hauen is the next, and thither com|meth a fresh water by S. Maries from the said hils, that goeth from S. Maries aforesaid to Sidburie, & betweene Saltcombe & Sidmouth into the maine sea.Autrie aliàs Ottercie. By west of Auterton point also lieth another hauen, and thither commeth a pretie riueret, whose head is in the Hackpendon hilles, and commeth downe first by Upauter, then by a parke side to Mo|huns Auter, Munketon, Honniton, Buckewell, and north of Autrie receiueth a rill called Tale,Tale. that ri|seth northwest of Brodemburie in a wood, and from whence it commeth by Pehemburie, Uinniton, and making a confluence with the other, they go as one betwéene Cadde and Autrie, to Herford, Luton, Collaton, Auterton, Budeleie, and so into the sea. On the west side of this hauen is Budeleie almost directly against Otterton. It is easie to be seene also, that within lesse space than one hundred yeers, ships did vse this hauen, but now it is barred vp. Some call it Budeleie hauen of Budeleie towne, others Salterne port, of a little créeke comming out of the maine hauen vnto Salterne village, that hath in time past béene a towne of great estimation.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The Exe riseth in Exemore in Summersetshire,Exe. néere vnto Exe crosse, and goeth from thence vnto Exeford, Winsford, and Extun, where it receiueth a water comming from Cutcombe, by north. After this confluence it goeth on toward the south, till it méet with a pretie brooke rising northeast of Whet|tell (going by Brunton Regis) increased at the least with thrée rilles which come all from by north. These being once met, this water runneth on by west of the beacon that beareth the name of Haddon, & soone after taketh in the Barleie,Barleie. Done aliàs Done stroke. that receiueth in like sort the Done at Hawkbridge, and from hence goeth by Dauerton, and Combe, and then doth méet with the Exe, almost in the verie confines betwéene Dorset & Summerset shires. Being past this coniunction, our Exe passeth betwéene Brushford and Murbath, and then to Exe bridge, where it taketh in (as I heare) a water by west from east Austie: and after this like|wise another on ech side, whereof one commeth from Dixford,Woodburne. and Baunton, the other called Woodburne, somewhat by east of Okeford. From these meetings it goeth to Caue and through the forrest and woods to Hatherland and Washfields, vntill it come to Ti|uerton, and here it receiueth the Lomund water that riseth aboue Ashbrittle, & commeth downe by Hock|worthie, vpper Loman, and so to Tiuerton that stand|eth almost euen in the verie confluence. Some call this Lomund the Simming brooke or Sunnings bath.Lomund or Simming. After this our Exe goeth to Bickleie, Theuer|ten (taking in a rill by west) nether Exe, Bramford, beneath which it ioineth with the Columbe that ri|seth of one head northeast of Clarie Haidon,Columbe. and of another south of Shildon, and méeting beneath Co|lumbe stocke, goeth by Columbe and Bradfeld, and there crossing a rill that commeth by Ashford, it run|neth south to Wood, More haies, Columbton, Brand|nicke, Beare, Columbe Iohn, Horham, and ioining (as I said) with the Exe at Bramford, passing vnder but one bridge, yer it meet with another water by west, growing of the Forten and Cride waters (ex|cept it be so that I doo iudge amisse.)Cride. Forten. The Cride riseth aboue Wolle sworthie, and néere vnto Upton: after it is past Dewrish, crosseth a rill from betweene Pug|gill and Stockeleie by Stocke English, &c. From hence it goeth to Fulford, where it méeteth with the Forten, wherof one branch commeth by Caldbrooke, the other from S. Marie Tedburne, and ioining a|boue Crediton, the chanell goeth on to the Cride, (which yer long also receiueth another from by north, comming by Stockeleie and Combe) then betwéene Haine and Newton Sires, to Pines, and so into the Exe, which staieth not vntill it come to Excester. From Excester (whither the burgesses in time past laboured to bring the same, but in vaine) it runneth to Were, there taking in a rill from by west, and an other lower by Exminster, next of all vnto Toppes|ham;Cliuus. beneath which towne the Cliue entreth there|into, EEBO page image 60 which rising about Plumtree, goeth by Clift Haidon, Clift Laurence, Brode Clift, Honiton, Souton, Bishops Clift, S. Marie Clift, Clift saint George, and then into the Exe, that runneth forward by Notwell court, Limston and Ponderham castell. Here (as I heare) it taketh in the Ken, [...] or Kenton brooke (as Leland calleth it) comming from Hol|combe parke, by Dunsdike, Shillingford, Kenford, Ken, Kenton, and so into Exe hauen, at whose mouth lie certeine rocks which they call the Checkstoñes, ex|cept I be deceiued. The next fall, whereof Leland saith nothing at all, commeth by Ashcombe and Du|lish, and hath his head in the hilles thereby.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Teigne mouth is the next fall that he came to,Teigne. & it is a goodlie port foure miles from Exemouth. The head of this water is twentie miles from the sea at Teigne head in Dartmore among the Gidleie hilles. From whence it goeth to Gidleie towne,Crokerne. Teignton drue, where it receiueth the Cro|kerne comming from by north, and likewise an o|ther west of Fulford parke. Then it goeth to Dufford, Bridford, Kirslowe, Chidleie, Knighton, and beneath the bridge there receiueth the Bouie, whose course is to north Bouie, Lilleie, and Bouitracie. Thence it runneth to kings Teignton,Bouie. Eidis. taking in Eidis, a brooke beneath Preston that commeth from Edeford by the waie. And when it is past this confluence, at kings Teignton,Leman. it crosseth the Leman, which com|meth from Saddleton rocke by Beckington, and Newton Bushels:Aller. and soone after the Aller that ri|seth betwéene Danburie and Warog well, after|ward falling into the sea by Bishops Teignton, south of Teignmouth towne.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The verie vtter west point of the land, at the mouth of Teigne is called the Nesse, and is a verie high red cliffe. The east part of the hauen is named the Poles, a low sandie ground, either cast vp by the spuing of the sand out of the Teigne, or else throwne vp from the shore by the rage of wind and water. This sand occupieth now a great quantitie of the ground betweene the hauen where the sand riseth, and Teignmouth towne, which towne (surnamed Re|gis) hath in time past béen sore defaced by the Danes, and of late timeby the French.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 From Teignemouth we came to Tor baie, wher|of the west point is called Birie, and the east Perri|torie, betwéene which is little aboue foure miles. From Tor baie also to Dartmouth is six miles, where (saith Leland) I marked diuerse things. First of all vpon the east side of the hauen a great hillie point called Downesend, and betwixt Downesend, and a pointlet named Wereford is a little baie. Were it selfe, in like sort, is not full a mile from Downesend vpward into the hauen. Kingswere towne stand|eth out as another pointlet, and betwixt it & Were|ford is the second baie. Somewhat moreouer aboue Kingswere towne goeth a little créeke vp into the land from the maine streame of the hauen called Waterhead, and this is a verie fit place for vessels to be made in. In like sort halfe a mile beyond this into the landward goeth another longer créeke, and aboue that also a greater than either of these called Gawnston, whose head is here not halfe a mile from the maine sea, by the compassing thereof, as it run|neth in Tor baie.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The riuer of Dart or Darent (for I read De|renta muth for Dartmouth)Dart. commeth out of Dart|more fiftéene miles aboue Totnesse, in a verie large plot, and such another wild morish & forrestie ground as Ermore is. Of it selfe moreouer this water is verie swift, and thorough occasion of tin-workes whereby it passeth, it carrieth much sand to Totnesse b [...]dge, and so choketh the depth of the riuer downe|ward, that the hauen it selfe is almost spoiled by the same. The mariners of Dartmouth accompt this to be about a kenning from Plimmouth. The Da|rent therefore proceeding from the place of his vpri|sing, goeth on to Buckland,Ashburne. from whence it goeth to Buckland hole; and soone after taking in the Ash|burne water on the one side that runneth from Sad|dleton rocke by north,Buckeastlich. and the Buckfastlich that com|meth from north west, it runneth to Staunton, Da|rington, Hemston, and there also crossing a rill on ech side passeth foorth to Totnesse, Bowden, and a|boue Gabriell Stoke méeteth with the Hartburne that runneth vnder Rost bridge, two miles aboue Totnes,Hartburne. or (as another saith) by Ratter, Harberton, Painesford, and Asprempton into Darent, which yer long also commeth to Corneworthie, Grenewaie, Ditsham, Darntmouth towne (whervnto king Iohn gaue sometimes a maior, as he did vnto Totnesse) from thence betwéene the castelles, and finallie into sea.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 From hence we went by Stokeflemming to another water, which commeth from blacke Auton, then to the second that falleth in east of Slapton, and so coasting out of this baie by the Start point, we saile almost directlie west, till we come to Saltcombe hauen. Certes this port hath verie little fresh water comming to it, and therefore no meruell though it be barred; yet the head of it (such as it is) riseth neere Buckland, and goeth to Dudbrooke, which standeth betwéene two créekes. Thence it hieth to Charleton, where it taketh in a rill, whose head commeth from south and north of Shereford. Finallie, it hath ano|ther créeke that runneth vp by Ilton: and the last of all that falleth in north of Portlemouth, whose head is so néere the baie last afore remembred, that it ma|keth it a sorie peninsula (as I haue heard it said.)

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 3 4 5 Then come we to the Awne,Awne. whose head is in the hils farre aboue Brent towne, from whence it goeth to Dixford wood, Loddewell, Hache, Aunton, Thor|leston, and so into the sea ouer against a rocke called S. Michaels burrow. Arme riseth aboue Harford,Arme. thence to Stoford, Iuie bridge, Armington bridge, Fléet, Orchardton, Ownewell, and so vnto the sea, which is full of flats and rocks, so that no ship com|meth thither in anie tempest, except it be forced ther|to, through the vttermost extremitie and desperat ha|zard of the fearefull mariners. King Philip of Ca|stile lost two ships here in the daies of king Henrie the seuenth,See Hen. 7. pag. 792, 793, 794. when he was driuen to land in the west countrie by the rage of weather.Yaline. Yalme goeth by Cornewood, Slade, Stratleie, Yalmeton, Collaton. Newton ferrie, and so into the sea, about foure miles by south east from the maine streame of Plim|mouth. Being past these portlets, then next of all we come to Plimmouth hauen,Plim. a verie busie péece to describe, bicause of the numbers of waters that resort vnto it, & small helpe that I haue for the know|ledge of their courses; yet will I doo what I may in this, as in the rest, and so much I hope by Gods grace to performe, as shall suffice my purpose in this be|halfe.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The Plimne or Plim,Plim. is the verie same water that giueth name to Plimpton towne. The mouth of this gulfe, wherein the ships doo ride, is walled on ech side and chained ouer in time of necessitie, and on the south side of the hauen is a blocke house vpon a rockie hill: but as touching the riuer it selfe, it riseth in the hils west of Cornewood, and commeth downe a short course of thrée miles to Newenham after it be issued out of the ground. From Newenham also it runneth to Plimpton, and soone after into the Stoure,Stoure aliàs Catwater. which Stoure ariseth northwest of Shepi|stour, & goeth frõ thence to Memchurch, Hele. Shane, Bickleie, and so to Eford, where taking in the Plim, it runneth downe as one vnder the name of Plim, EEBO page image 61 vntill it go past Plimmouth, and fall into the hauen south east of Plimmouth aforesaid. I haue often|times trauelled to find out the cause whie so manie riuers in England are called by this name Stoure, and at the first supposing that it was growne by the corruption of Dour, the Brittish word for a streame, I rested thervpon as resolued for a season: but after|ward finding the word to be méere Saxon, and that Stouremare is a prouince subiect to the duke of Saxonie, I yéelded to another opinion: whereby I conceiue that the said name was first deriued from the Saxons. But to returne to our purpose.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Plimmouth it selfe standeth betweene two créeks, not serued with anie backewater, therefore passing ouer these two, we enter into the Thamer that dis|chargeth it selfe into the aforsaid hauen. Going ther|fore vp that streame, which for the most part parteth Deuonshire from Cornewall, the first riueret that I met withall on the east side is called Tauie,Taue or Tauie. the head whereof is among the mounteins foure miles aboue Peters Tauie, beneath which it meeteth with ano|ther water from by west, so that these two waters include Marie Tauie betwéene them, though no|thing neere the confluence. From hence the Taue or Tauie runneth to Tauistocke, aboue which it ta|keth in a rill from by west, and another aboue north Buckland, whose head is in Dartmore, and com|meth therevnto by Sandford and Harrow bridge. From hence it goeth into Thamar, by north Buck|land, moonks Buckland, Beare, and Tamerton fol|lie. Hauing thus dispatched the Tauie,Lidde. the next that falleth in on the east side vpwards is the Lidde, which rising in the hils aboue Lidford, runneth downe by Curriton and Siddenham, and so to Lidstone, aboue which it receiueth the Trushell brooke,Trushell. which rising north east of Brediston, goeth by Trusholton to Ibaine, where it receiueth a rill that commeth by Bradwood from Germanswike, and after the con|fluence runneth to Liston, and from thence into the Thamar. The next aboue this is the Corewater,Core. this ariseth somewhere about Elwell or Helwell, and going by Uirginston, runneth on by saint Giles without anie increase vntill it come to Thamar. Next of all it taketh in two brookes not much distant in sunder, whereof the one commeth in by Glanton, the other from Holsworthie, and both east of Ta|merton, which standeth on the further banke, & other side of the Thamar, and west northwest of Tedcote, except the quarter deceiue me.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Certes, the ThamarThamar. it selfe riseth in Summerset|shire, about thrée miles northeast of Hartland, and in maner so crosseth ouer the whole west countrie be|twéene sea and sea, that it leaueth Cornewall, a by|land or peninsula. Being therefore descended from the head, by a tract of six miles, it commeth to Den|borow, Pancrase well, Bridge Reuell, Tamerton, Tetcote, Luffencote, Boiton, and Wirrington, where it meeteth with a water on the west side called Arteie,Arteie. that riseth short of Iacobstow. Two miles in like sort frõ this confluence, we met with the Ken|seie, whose head is short of Warpeston by south east:Kenseie. from whence it goeth by Treneglos, Tremone, Tresmure, Trewen, Lanfton, and so into the Tha|mar, that runneth from hence by Lowwhitton vn|to Bradston, and going on toward Dunterton, ta|keth in a rill from south Pitherwi [...]c,Enian. and by Lesant; beneath Dunterton also it crosseth the Enian. This riuer riseth at Dauidston, and directeth his race by saint Clethir, Lancast, and Trelaske first; and then vnder sundrie bridges, vntill it méet with the Tha|mar. From hence also the Thamar goeth by Sid|denham to Calstocke bridge, Calstocke towne, Clif|ton, Cargreue (there abouts taking in a créeke a|boue Landilip) and running on from thence, hasteth toward Saltash,Liuer. where it receiueth the Liuer wa|ter. The head of Liuer is about Broomwellie hill, from whence it goeth on to North hill, Lekenhorne, South hill, and taking in a rill by east (from aboue Kellington) it runneth on to Newton, Pillaton, Wootton, Blosfleming, saint Erne, and beneath this village crosseth a rillet that runneth thither from Bi|cton by Quithiocke, saint Germans, and Sheuiocke. But to procéed. After the confluence, it goeth be|tweene Erlie and Fro Martine castell, and soone af|ter taking in a rill from by north, that passeth west of saint Steuens, it is not long yer it fall into the Thamar, which after this (receiuing the Milbrooke creeke) goeth on by Edgecombe, and betwéene saint Michaels Ile and Ridden point into the maine sea. And thus haue I finished the description of Plim|mouth water, and all such falles as are betwéene Mewston rocke on the east side, and the Ram head on the other.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 After this we procéeded on with our iournie to|ward the west,Sutton. and passing by Longstone, we came soone after to Sothan baie, where we crossed the Se|ton water, whose head is about Liscard, & his course by Minheniet, Chafrench, Tregowike, Sutton, and so into the sea. Then came we to Low,Low. and going in betwéene it and Mount Ile, we find that it had a branched course, and thereto the confluence aboue Low. The chiefe head riseth in the hils, as it were two miles aboue Gaine, and going by that towne, it ceaseth not to continue his course east of Dulo, till it come a little aboue Low, where it crosseth and ioi|neth with the Brodoke water that runneth from Brodokes by Trewargo, and so into the sea. Next vnto these are two other rils, of which one is called Polpir,Polpir. Fawie. before we come at Foy, or Fawy.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Foy or Fawy riuer riseth in Fawy moore, on the side of an hill in Fawy moore, from whence it run|neth by certeine bridges, till it méet with the Glin water west of Glin towne,Glin. which rising aboue Tem|ple, & méeting with a rill that commeth in from S. Neotes, doth fall into Fawy a mile and more aboue Resprin from by east. After this confluence then, it goeth to Resprin bridge, Lestermen castell, Loft|withiell bridge, Pill, saint Kingtons, saint Win|now, and Golant, and here also receiueth the Lerine water out of a parke,Lerinus. that taketh his waie into the maine streame by Biconke, Tethe, and the Fining house. Being thus vnited, it proceedeth vnto Fawy towne, taking in a rill or creeke from aboue it on the one side, and another beneath it south of Halling on the other: of which two this latter is the longest of course, fith it runneth thrée good miles before it come at the Foy. Leland writing of this riuer addeth ve|rie largelie vnto it after this maner.Faw. The Fawy ri|seth in Fawy moore (about two miles from Camil|ford by south, and sixtéene miles from Fawy towne) in a verie quaue mire on the side of an hill. From hence it goeth to Drainesbridge, to Clobham bridge, Lergen bridge, New bridge, Resprin bridge, and Lostwithiell bridge, where it meeteth with a little brooke, and néere therevnto parteth it selfe in twaine. Of these two armes therefore one goeth to a bridge of stone, the other to another of timber, and soone af|ter ioining againe, the maine riuer goeth to saint Gwinnowes, from thence also to the point of saint Gwinnowes wood, which is about halfe a mile from thence, except my memorie dooth faile me. Here go|eth in a salt créeke halfe a mile on the east side of the hauen, and at the head of it is a bridge called Lerine bridge; the créeke it selfe in like maner bearing the same denomination.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 From Lerine creeke, to S. Caracs pill or créeke,In the mid|dle of this créeke was a cell of S. Ci|ret in an Islet longing some|time to Moun+tagew a prio|rie. is about halfe a mile, and Lower on the east side of the said hauen: it goeth vp also aboue a mile and EEBO page image 62 an halfe into the land. From Caracs créeke to Poul|morland a mile, and this likewise goeth vp scant a quarter of a mile into the land, yet at the head it par|teth it selfe in twaine. From Poulmorland weto Bodnecke village halfe a mile, where the passage and repassage is commonlie to Fawy. From Bod|necke to Pelene point (where a créeke goeth vp not fullie a thousand paces into the land) a mile, thence to Poulruan a quarter of a mile, and at this Poulruan is a tower of force, marching against the tower on Fawy side, betwéene which (as I doo heare) a chaine hath sometime beene stretched, and likelie inough; for the hauen there is hardly two bow shot ouer. The ve|rie point of land at the east side of the mouth of this hauen, is called Pontus crosse, but now Panuche|crosse. It shall not be amisse in this place somewhat to intreat of the towne of Fawy, which is called in Cornish Comwhath,Comwhath. and being situat on the north|side of the hauen, is set hanging on a maine rockie hill, being in length about one quarter of a mile, ex|cept my memorie deceiue me.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The renowme of Fawy rose by the wars vnder king Edward the first, Edward the third, and Hen|rie the fift, partlie by feats of armes, and partlie by plaine pirasie. Finallie, the townesmen feeling themselues somwhat at ease and strong in their pur|ses, they fell to merchandize, and so they prospered in this their new deuise, that as they trauelled into all places, so merchants from all countries made resort to them, whereby within a while they grew to be ex|ceeding rich. The ships of Fawy sailing on a time by Rhie and Winchelseie in the time of king Ed|ward the third, refused stoutlie to vale anie bonet there, although warning was giuen them so to doo by the portgreues or rulers of those townes. Herevp|on the Rhie and Winchelseie men made out vpon them with cut and long taile: but so hardlie were they interteined by the Fawy pirates (I should saie aduenturers) that they were driuen home againe with no small losse and hinderance. Such fauour found the Fawy men also immediatlie vpon this bickering, that in token of their victorie ouer their winching aduersaries, and riding ripiers (as they called them in mockerie) they altered their armes and compounded for new, wherein the scutchion of Rhie and Winchelseie is quartered with theirs, and beside this the Foyens were called the gallants of Fawy or Foy,Gallants of Foy or Fa|wy. whereof they not a little reioised, and more peraduenture than for some greater bootie. And thus much of Fawy towne, wherein we sée what great successe often commeth of witlesse and rash aduentures. But to returne againe to our pur|pose from whence we haue digressed, and as hauing some desire to finish vp this our voiage, we will leaue the Fawmouth & go forward on our iournie.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Being therefore past this hauen, we come into Trewardith baie, which lieth into the land betwéene Canuasse and the Blacke head point, and hereabout Leland placeth Vrctoum promontorium. In this we saw the fall of two small brookes, not one verie far distant from another. The first of them entring west of Trewardith, the other east of saint Blaies, and both directlie against Curwarder rocke, except I mistake my compasse. Neither of them are of anie great course, and the longest not full thrée miles and an halfe. Wherfore sith they are neither branched nor of anie great quantitie, what should I make long haruest of a little corne, and spend more time than may well be spared about them?

Compare 1577 edition: 1 When we were past the Blacke head, we came to Austell brooke,Austell. which is increased with a water that commeth from aboue Mewan, and within a mile after the confluence, they fall into the sea at Pentoren, from whence we went by the Blacke rocke, and about the Dud [...]an point, till we came to Chare haies, where falleth in a pretie water,Chare. whose head is two miles aboue saint Tues. Thence we went by here and there a méere salt créeke, till we passed the Graie rocke, in Gi [...]in [...]raith baie, and S. Anthonies point, where Leland maketh his accompt to enter into Falamouth hauen.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Fala riseth a little by north of Penuenton towne,Fala. and going westward till it come downwards toward saint Dionise, it goeth from thence to Mela|der, saint Steuens Grampont, Goldon, Crede, Cor|neleie, Tregue, Moran, Tregu [...]an, it falleth into the hauen with a good indifferent force: and this is the course of Fala. But least I should séeme to omit those creekes that are betwéene this and S. Antho|nies point, I will go a little backe againe, and fetch in so mani [...] of them, as come now to my remem|brance. Entring therefore into the port, we haue a créeke that runneth vp by saint Anthonies toward saint Gereus, then another that goeth into the land by east of saint Maries castell, with a forked head, pas|sing in the meane time by a great rocke that lieth in the verie midst of the hauen, in maner of the third point of a triangle, betwéene saint Maries castell and Pendinant.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Thence we cast about by the said castell, and came by another créeke that falleth in by east, then the se|cond aboue saint Iustus, the third at Ardenora, the fourth at Rilan. And hauing as it were visited all these in order, we come backe againe about by Tre|gonnian, and then going vpward betweene it and Taluerne, till we came to Fentangolan, we found the confluence of two great creekes beneath saint Clements, whereof one hath a fresh water comming downe by S. Mer [...]her, the other another from Tru|ro, increased with sundrie branches, though not one of them of anie greatnesse, and therefore vnworthie to be handled. Pole hole standeth vpon the head al|most of the most easterlie of them. S. Kenwen and Truro stand aboue the confluence of other two. The fourth falleth in by west from certeine hils: as for the fift and sixt, as they be little créeks and no fresh, so haue I lesse language and talke to spend about them.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Of saint Caie, and saint Feokes créeke, whose issue is betwéene Restronget and créeke of Trurie, I sée no cause to make any long spéech; yet I remem|ber that the towne of S. Feoke standeth betwéene them both.S. Caie. S. Feoks That also called after this saint, rising a|boue Perannarwothill, and comming thence by Kirklo, falleth into Falamouth, northeast of Milor, which standeth vpon the point betwéene it and Milor créeke. Milor creeke is next Restronget:Milor. some call it Milor poole, from whence we went by Trefusis point, and there found an other great fall from Pe|rin, which being branched in the top, hath Perin towne almost in the verie confluence. And thus much by my collection of the fall. But for somuch as Leland hath taken some paines in the description of this riuer, I will not suffer it to perish, sith there is other matter conteined therein worthie remem|brance, although not deliuered in such order as the thing it selfe requireth.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The verie point (saith he) of the hauen mouth (be|ing an hill whereon the king hath builded a castell)Fala. is called Pendinant. It is about a mile in compasse, almost inuironed with the sea: and where the sea co|uereth not, the ground is so low that it were a small mastrie to make Pendinant an Iland. Further|more, there lieth a cape or foreland within the hauen a mile and a halfe, and betwixt this and maister Kil|ligrewes house one great arme of the hauen run|neth vp to Penrine towne, which is three miles from the verie entrie of Falamouth hauen, and two good EEBO page image 63 miles from Penfusis.Leuine. Moreouer, there is Leuine, Priselo, betwixt saint Budocus and Pendinas, which were a good hauen but for the barre of sand. But to procéed.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The first creeke or arme that casteth on the north|west side of Falemouth hauen, goeth vp to Perin, and at the end it breaketh into two armes, whereof the lesse runneth to Glasenith, Viridis nidus, the gréene nest, or Wagméere at Penrine: the other to saint Glunias the parish church of Penrine. In like sort out of each side of Penrine créeke, breaketh an arme yer it come to Penrine. This I vnderstand also that stakes and foundations of stone haue béene set in the créeke at Penrine a litle lower than the wharfe, where it breakech into armes: but howsoe|uer this standeth, betwixt the point of Trefusis and the point of Restronget is Milor créeke,Milor. which goeth vp a mile into the land, and by the church is a good rode for ships. The next creeke beyond the point of Restronget wood, is called Restronget, which going two miles vp into the maine,Restronget. breaketh into two armes. In like order betwixt Restronget and the creeke of Trurie be two créekes; one called saint Feokes,S. Feoks. the other saint Caie,S. Caie. next vnto which is Trurie créeke that goeth vp about two miles creek|ing from the principall streame, and breaketh within halfe a mile of Trurie, casting in a branch west|ward euen hard by Newham wood.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 This creeke of Trurie is diuided into two parts before the towne of Trurie,Trurie créeke and each of them hauing a brooke comming downe and a bridge, the towne of Trurie standeth betwixt them both. In like sort Kenwen stréet is seuered from the said towne with this arme, and Clements street by east with the other. Out of the bodie also of Trurie creeke breaketh an|other eastward a mile from Crurie, and goeth vp a mile and a halfe to Cresilian bridge of stone. At the verie entrie and mouth of this créeke is a rode of ships called Maples rode: and here fought not long since eightéene ships of Spanish merchants, with foure ships of warre of Deepe, but the Spaniards draue the Frenchmen all into this harborow. A mile and an halfe aboue the mouth of Crurie creeke, is another named Lhan Moran of S. Morans church at hand.Moran. This créeke goeth vp a quarter of a mile from the maine streame into the hauen, as the maine streame goeth vp two miles aboue Moran créeke eb|bing and flowing: and a quarter of a mile higher is the towne of Cregowie, where we found a bridge of stone vpon the Fala riuer. Fala it selfe riseth a mile or more west of Roche hill, and goeth by Graund pont, where I saw a bridge of stone.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 This Graund pont is foure miles from Roche hill,Graund pont. and two little miles from Cregowie, betwixt which the Fala taketh his course. From Cregowie to passe downe by the bodie of the hauen of Fala|mouth to the mouth of Lanie horne pill or créeke, on the south side of the hauen is a mile, and (as I remem|ber) it goeth vp halfe a mile from the principall streame of the hauen. From Lanihorne pill also is a place or point of sand about a mile waie of fortie a|cres or thereabout (as a peninsula) called Ardeue|rauter. As for the water or créeke that runneth into the south southeast part, it is but a little thing of halfe a mile vp into the land, and the créeke that hemmeth in this peninsula, of both dooth seeme to be the grea|ter. From the mouth of the west creeke of this pen|insula, vnto saint Iustes creeke, is foure miles or more.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 In like maner from saint Iustes pill or créeke (for both signifie one thing) to saint Mawes creeke is a mile and a halfe,S. Iustus. S. Mawes. and the point betwéene them both is called Pendinas. The créeke of saint Mawes goeth vp a two miles by east northeast into the land, and beside that it ebbeth and floweth so farre, there is a mill driuen with a fresh créeke that resorteth to the same. Halfe a mile from the head of this downe|ward to the hauen, is a créeke in maner of a poole, whereon is a mill also that grindeth with the tide. And a mile beneath that on the south side entereth a créeke (about halfe a mile into the countrie) which is barred from the maine sea by a small sandie banke, and another mile yet lower, is an other little créeke|let. But how so euer these créekes doo run, certeine it is that the bankes of them that belong to Fala are meruellouslie well woodded. And hitherto Leland, whose words I dare not alter, for feare of corruption and alteration of his iudgement. Being past Fal|mouth hauen therefore (as it were a quarter of a mile beyond Arwennach, maister Killegrewes place which standeth on the brimme or shore within Fal|mouth) we came to a little hauen which ran vp be|twéene two hilles, but it was barred: wherefore we could not learne whether it were serued with anie backe fresh water or not.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 From thence we went by Polwitherall creekePolwitherall. Polpenrith. (parted into two armes) then to the Polpenrith, wherevnto a riueret falleth that riseth not farre from thence, and so goeth to the maine streame of the hauen at the last, whither the créeke resorteth about thrée miles and more from the mouth of the hauen,Wike. and into which the water that goeth vnder GareGare. and MogunMogun. bridges, doo fall in one bottome (as Leland hath reported.) Unto this hauen also repaireth the Penkestell,Penkestell. the Callous,Callous. the Cheilow,Cheilow. and the Gil|ling,Gilling. although this latter lieth against saint Maw|nons on the hither side hard without the hauen mouth (if I haue doone aright.) For so motheaten, mouldie, & rotten are those bookes of Leland which I haue, and beside that, his annotations are such and so confoun|ded, as no man can (in a maner) picke out anie sense from them by a leafe togither. Wherefore I suppose that he dispersed and made his notes intricate of set purpose: or else he was loth that anie man should easilie come to that knowledge by reading, which he with his great charge & no lesse trauell atteined vn|to by experience. Thus leauing Fala hauen, as more troublesome for me to describe, than profitable for seafaring men, without good aduise to enter into, we left the rocke on our left hand, and came straight southwest to Helford hauen, whose water commeth downe from Wréeke (where is a confluence of two small rilles whereof that rill consisteth)Haile. by Mawgan and Trelawarren, and then it receiueth a rill on the north ripe from Constantine, after whose confluence it goeth a maine vntill it come to the Ocean, where the mouth is spoiled by sand comming from the tin|works. See Leland in the life of S. Breaca. Beneath this also is another rill comming from S. Martyrs, by whose course, and another ouer against it on the west side that falleth into the sea by Winniton, all Menage is left almost in maner of an Iland. From hence we go south to the Manacle point, then south|west to Lisard, and so north and by west to Predan|nocke points, beyond which we méet with the fall of the said water, that riseth in the edge of Menag, and goeth into the sea by Melien on the north, and Win|niton on the south. By north also of Winniton is the Curie water that runneth short of Magan,Curie. and tou|cheth with the Ocean south of Pengwenian point.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 From hence we sailed to the Loo mouth,Loo. which some call Lopoole, because it is narrower at the fall into the sea, than it is betwéene the sea and Hailston. It riseth aboue S. Sethians, and comming downe by Wendron, it hasteth to Hailston or Helston, from whence onelie it is called Loo: but betwéene Helston and the head, men call it commonlie Cohor. Of this riuer Leland saith thus: The Lopoole is two miles in EEBO page image 64 length, and betwixt it and the maine Ocean is but a barre of sand that once in thrée or foure yéeres, what by weight of the fresh water, and working of the sea breaketh out, at which time it maketh a wonder|full noise: but soone after the mouth of it is barred vp againe. At all other times the superfluitie of the wa|ter of Lopole (which is full of trout and éele) draineth out through the sandie barre into the open sea: certes if this barre could alwaies be kept open, it would make a goodlie hauen vp vnto Haileston towne, where coinage of tin is also vsed, as at Trurie and Lostwithiell, for the quéenes aduantage.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Being passed the Loo, I came to another water that descendeth without anie increase from Crowan by Simneie,Simneie. whose whole course is not aboue thrée miles in all. Then going by the Cuddan point, we entered the mounts Baie, and going streight north (leauing S. Michaels mount a little vpon the left hand) we came to the Lid, which rising short of Tewidnacke, descendeth by Lidgenan,Lid. and so into the sea. Certes the course of these waters cannot be long, sith in this verie place the breadth of land is not aboue foure miles, and not more than fiue at the verie lands end. There is also a rill east of Korugie, and Guluall, and another west of the same hard at hand, and like|wise the third east of Pensants: and not a full quar|ter of a mile from the second, southwest of Pensants also lieth the fourth that commeth from Sancrete ward by Newlin, from whence going southwest out of the baie by Moushole Ile, that lieth south of Moushole towne, we come to a water that entreth into the Ocean betwixt Remels & Lamorleie point. Trulie the one head thereof commeth from by west of Sancrete, the other from by west of an hill that standeth betwéene them both, and ioining aboue Remels, it is not long yer they salute their gran|dame. After this, and before we come at Rosecastell, there are two other créekes, whereof one is called Boskennie, that riseth south of saint Buriens, and an other somewhat longer than the first, that issueth by west of the aforesaid towne, wherein is to be noted, that our cards made heretofore doo appoint S. Buri|ens to be at the very lands end of Cornewall, but ex|perience now teacheth vs, that it commeth not néere the lands end by thrée miles. This latter rill also is the last that I doo reade of on the south side, and like|wise on the west and north, till we haue sailed to S. Ies baie, which is full ten miles from the lands end, or Bresan Ile eastward,Bresan Ile & rather more, if you reckon to the fall of the Haile, which lieth in the very middest and highest part of the baie of the same. The soile also is verie hillie here, as for saint Ies towne, it is al|most (as I said) a byland, and yet is it well watered with sundrie rilles that come from those hilles vnto the same.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Haile riseth in such maner,Haile. and from so manie heads, as I haue before said: howbeit I will adde somewhat more vnto it, for the benefit of my rea|ders. Certes the chéefe head of Haile riseth by west of Goodalfin hilles, and going downe toward saint Erthes, it receiueth the second, and best of the other three rilles from Goodalfin towne: finallie, comming to saint Erthes, and so vnto the maine baie, it ta|keth in the Clowart water from Guimer,Clowart. south of Phelacke, which hath two heads the said village stan|ding directlie betwixt them both.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Caine riseth southeast of Caineburne towne a mile and more,Caine. from whence it goeth without in|crease by west of Gwethian, and so into the sea west of Mara Darwaie. From hence we coasted about the point, & left the baie till we came to a water that riseth of two heads from those hilles that lie by south of the same: one of them also runneth by saint Uni, another by Redreuth, and méeting within a mile, they fall into the Ocean beneath Luggam or Tug|gan.Luggam. A mile and a halfe from this fall we come vnto another small rill, and likewise two other créekes, betwixt which the towne of saint Agnes standeth; and likewise the fourth halfe a mile beyond the most ea|sterlie of these, whose head is almost thrée miles within the land in a towne called saint Alin. Thence going by the Manrocke, and west of saint Piran in the sand, we find a course of thrée miles and more from the head, and hauing a forked branch, the parts doo méet at west aboue saint Kibbard, and so go into the sea. I take this to be saint Pirans créeke,S. Pirans creeke. Carantocke. for the next is Carantocke pill or créeke, whose head is at Guswarth, from whence it goeth vnto Tre|rise, and soone after taking in a rill from by west, it runneth into the sea coast of saint Carantakes. Be|yond this is another créeke that riseth aboue little saint Colan, and goeth by lesse saint Columbe: and east and by north hereof commeth downe one more whose head is almost south of the Nine stones, & go|ing from thence to great saint Columbes, it passeth by Lamberne, and so into the sea. S. Merous créeke is but a little one, rising west of Padstow, and fal|ling in almost ouer against the Gull rocke. Then turning betwéene the point and the blacke rocke, we entred into Padstow hauen thrée miles lower than port Issec, and a mile from port Gwin,Padstow. Locus bufo|nis. Alannus. whose waters remaine next of all to be described.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Alan ariseth flat east from the hauen mouth of Padstow, well néere eight or nine miles about Dauidstone, neere vnto which the Eniam also issueth,Eniam. that runneth into the Thamar. Going therefore from hence it passeth to Camelford, saint Aduen, saint Bernard (both Cornish saints) and soone after re|ceiueth a rill at northeast, descending from Row|ters hill. Thence it goeth to Bliseland, and Hel|ham, the first bridge of name that standeth vpon A|lin. Yer long also it taketh in one rill by south from Bodman, another from saint Laurence, the third by west of this, and the fourth that commeth by Wethi|ell, no one of them excéeding the course of thrée miles, and all by south. From hence it goeth toward Igle|saleward, and there receiueth a water on the east side, which commeth about two miles from saint Teath, by Michelston, saint Tuchoe, saint Maben (mo Cornish patrons) and finallie south of Iglesall, méeteth with the Alen that goeth from thence by S. Breaca to Woodbridge. Hereabout I find, that into our Alein or Alen, there should fall two riuerets, whereof the one is called Carneseie,Carneseie. Laine. the other Laine, and comming in the end to full notice of the matter, I sée them to issue on seuerall sides beneath Wood|bridge almost directlie the one against the other. That which descendeth from northwest, and riseth about saint Kew, is named Carneseie, as I heare: the other that commeth in on the southwest banke hight Laine, and noted by Leland to rise two miles aboue S. Esse. But howsoeuer this matter standeth, there are two other créekes on ech side also, beneath these, as Pethrike creeke,Pethrike. Minner. and Minner créeke (so called of the Cornish saints) for that soile bred manie, where|with I finish the description of Alen, or (as some call it) Dunmere,Dunmere. and other Padstow water.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 From Padstow hauen also they saile out full west to Waterford in Ireland. There are likewise two rockes, which lie in the east side of the hauen, se|cretlie hidden at full sea, as two pads in the straw, whereof I thinke it taketh the name. Yet I remem|ber how I haue read that Padstow is a corrupted word for Adlestow, and should signifie so much as A|thelstani locus, as it may well be. For it is euident that they [...]ad in time past sundrie charters of priui|lege from Athelstane, although at this present it be well stored with Irishmen. But to our purpose. Le|land EEBO page image 65 supposeth this riuer to be the same Camblan, where Arthur fought his last and fatall conflict: for to this daie men that doo eare the ground there, doo oft plow vp bones of a large size, and great store of armour, or else it may be (as I rather coniecture) that the Romans had some field (or Castra) thereabout, for not long since (and in the remembrance of man) a brasse pot full of Romane coine was found there, as I haue often heard. Being thus passed Padstow ha|uen, and after we had gone three miles from hence, we came to Portgwin a poore fisher towne, where I find a brooke and a péere. Then I came to Portissec aliàs Cunilus two miles further, and found there a brooke, a péere, and some succor for fisher boats. Next of all vnto a brooke that ran from south east, directlie north into the Sauerne sea, and within halfe a mile of the same laie a great blacke rocke like an Iland. From this water to Treuenni is about a mile, where the paroch church is dedicated to saint Sim|phorian, and in which paroch also Tintagell or Dun|dagie castell standeth, which is a thing inerpugna|ble for the situation, and would be made with little reparations one of the strongest things in Eng|land. For it standeth on a great high terrible crag inuironed with the sea. There is a chappell yet stan|ding in the dungeon thereof, dedicated to saint U|let. Tintagell towne and Treuenni are not a mile in sunder.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The next creeke is called Bosinni, which is a mile from Tintagell, and to the same Tredwie water resorteth,Tredwie. and so they go to the sea betwixt two hils, whereof that on the one side lieth out like an arme or cape, and maketh the fashion of an hauenet or peere, whither shiplets sometime doo resort for succour. A frier of late daies tooke vpon him to make an hauen at this place, but in vaine. There lie also two blacke rocks as Ilets, at the west northwest point, or side of this créeke, the one (sauing that a little gut dooth part them) ioining with the other, and in these by all likelihood is great store of gulles. I can not tell whe|ther this be the water that runneth by Boscastell or not, but if it be not, then haue I this description of the latter.Boscastell. Boscastell créeke that lieth east of Tin|tagell, is but a small thing, running at the most not aboue two miles, into the land, yet it passeth by foure townes, whereof the first is called Lesneth, the se|cond saint Iuliet, the third Minster, and the fourth Boscastell or Bushcastell, as some men doo pro|nounce it.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 In Bede baie I find the Bedewater,Bede. whose chiefe head is not farre from Norton. Thence running to Strat [...]on,Lancels. it receiueth the Lancels rill before it come at Norham. And here also it crosseth another whose head is east of saint Marie w [...]ke, from whence it runneth by Wolston and Whalesborow, and thence into the sea betweene Efford and Plough hill. And thus much of the waters that lie betweene the point of Cornewall, and the Hartland head vpon the north side of Cornewall. Now let vs doo the like with those that remaine of Deuonshire, whereof the said Hart|land is the verie first point in this our poeticall voi|age. Hauing therefore brought Hartland point on our backs, we come next of all to Barstable bar, and so into the hauen, where into two principall streams doo perpetuallie vnburden their chanels.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The first and more westerlie of these is called O|cus, Ocus. whose head is not farre west of the head of Darnt, and doth in Darntmore. Rising therefore in the aforesaid place, it runneth northwest to Snorton, and so to Okehampton, beneath which towne it mée|teth with an other water comming from southeast, & riseth not much west from the head of Tawe. From hence it goeth to Stow Exborne, Moonke Oking|ton, & Iddesleie,Tanridge. Turrege. where it taketh in the Tanridge a ve|rie pretie streamelet, whose issue is not full a mile by east from the head of Thamar, thrée miles by north east from Hartland. Comming therefore by west and east Putford, Bulworthie, Bockington, New|ton, and Shebbor, it receiueth a forked rill that run|neth from ech side of Bradworthie by Sutcombe, Treborow, Milton, & so to Thornebirie, where mée|ting with an other forked water (whereof one head comming from Duns [...]and, ioineth with the other north of Cockbirie) it goeth with speed into the Tan|ridge water. After this confluence it runneth on to Shéepewash (by west whereof falleth in the Buck|land water from by north) thence to high Hainton,Buckland. and so to Haitherlaie, north wherof it taketh in a rill from by south, and endeth his race at Iddesleie, by ioining with the Oke. Hence then the Ocus hasteth to Dowland, and betwéene it and Doulton, recei|ueth one rill from by east, as it dooth an other be|twéene Doulton and Marton from by west, and so procéeding on with his course, it commeth cast of Torrington the lesse, and taking in a water at east, that runneth from thrée heads (by Wollie parke) be|tweene which Combe and Roughborow are situat, it descendeth to Torington the more, and meeting with the Langtrée water on the one side,Langtrée. and the Ware brooke on the other,Were or Ware. it procéedeth to Bediford, crossing a rill by the waie that commeth vnto it be|twéene Annarie & Littham. From Bediford bridge it goeth without anie increase to Westleie, Nor|ham, Appledoure, and so into the hauen.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Taw of both is the more noble water,Taw. not|withstanding that his hauen be barred with sand; and thereby dangerous, and hath most rils descen|ding into his chanell. Howbeit, by these two is all the hart of Deuonshire well watered on the northside of the moores. The Tawy riseth directlie at south west of Throwleie, and north of the head of Darnt, or (as Leland saith) in Exmoore south east from Barstable. From thence also it runneth to Sele, South Taueton, Cockatre, Bath, Northta|ueton, Ashridge, Colridge, and soone after receiueth the Bowmill créeke,Bowmill. wherof one head riseth at Bow, the other at Mill, and meeting beneth Bishops Mor|chard, they fall into the Taw north of Nimeth Row|land, as I haue béene informed. From hence then it runneth by Edgeforth, to Chimligh, by south where|of it méeteth with a rill comming downe of two heads from about Rakenford, by Wetheridge and Chawleie. Thence it goeth to Burrington, and Chil|tenholtwood, and there taketh in the Moulebraie wa|terMoulebraie. consisting of two in one chanell, wherof the Moll dooth rise aboue north Moulton, and comming to Moulton receiueth another rill running from Mol|land, and soone after the second that growing by two brookes (the head of one being at Knawston, and of the other west of Crokeham, and both vniting them|selues beneath Mariston) dooth fall into the same yer long also, and so go togither till it crosse the Braie, which (being the second of the two that maketh the Moulbraie) riseth at Braie,Braie. commeth by Buckland, and south of Holtwood dooth make his confluence with Taw. Being past the wood, it goeth on to Brightleie hall, Taueton, Tauestocke, & Berstable, sometime a pretie walled towne with foure gates, but now a little thing; and such in déed, as that the suburbes thereof are greater than it selfe. I suppose that the name of this towne in the British speach was Abertaw, bicause it stood toward the mouth of Taw, and Berdnesse pronounced short (as I gesse) for Abernesse. As for Staple, it is an addition for a market, & therefore hath nothing to doo in the proper name of the towne. King Athelstane is taken here for the chiefe priuileger of the towne. This is also worthie to be noted hereof, that the houses there are EEBO page image 66 of stone, as most are in all the good townes there|about.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 But to proceed with our purpose. Beneath this towne there falleth in a water that hath one head néere about Challacombe, & another at east Downe, whereof this descending by Stoke riuer, and the o|ther by Sherwell, they vnite themselues within thrée miles of Berstaple. Soone after also it taketh in ano|ther that descendeth from Bitenden by Ashford, and the last of all east of saint Anthonies chappell, named the Doneham,Doneham. bicause one head is at west Done, and the other at Ham, both of them méeting west of Ash. And thus is Taue described, which is no great water nor quicke streame, as may appéere in Low water marke at Berstable, and yet is it a pretie ri|ueret. This also is worthie to be noted thereof, that it receiueth no brooke from by west, whereof I would somewhat maruell, if Taurige were not at hand.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Being past the Taue, Cride baie and Bugpoint aliàs Bagpoint, we go by More baie, Morstone aliàs Mortstone, and then toward the northeast, till we come by a créekelet to Ilfare combe, & so to Combe Marton,Paradine. whereat (I meane ech of them) are sundrie créekes of salt water, but not serued with anie fresh that I as yet doo heare of. Marrie there is be|twéene Martinbow & Trensow, a créeke that hath a backewater, which descendeth from Parracombe (so farre as I call to mind named Parradine becke) but the greatest of all is betweene Linton and Con|nisberie called Ore,Orus. which riseth in Summersetshire in Exmore (east of Hore oke, more than a mile) and going by Owre, falleth into the sea betwéene Lin|ton and Conisberie, so that the whole race thereof a|mounteth in and out to an eight miles, as I haue heard reported. Thus haue I finished the discourse of the waters of Deuonshire,The bredth of Deuonshire & Cornewall. whose breadth in this place from hence ouerthwart to the Checkstones in the mouth of Ex, on the south side of the Ile, is eight and thirtie miles or vnder fortie, and so much like|wise is it from Plimmouth to Hartland point, but the broadest part there commeth to six and thirtie miles, whereas the broadest part of Cornewall doth want two miles of fortie.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Being past the aforesaid limits of the counties we came to Portloch baie,Loch. whither commeth a wa|ter named Loch that descendeth from Stokepero, Lucham and Portloch without increase. Thence to Dunsteir brooke,Durus. which runneth from about Woot|ton, and Courtneie by Tunbercombe and Dunsteir, then to another that commeth west of Old Cliffe, leauing a parke on the west side, next of all to Wat|chet water,Vacetus. whereof one head commeth from the Quantocke hils south of Bickualer by Westquan|tocke head, and almost at Doniford, receiueth the WillitonWilliton. becke, then to east Quantocke brooke (o|mitting a créeket) & next of all to DoddingtonDoddington. wa|ter, that goeth by Holford, Alfoxton, and afterward into the sea. From hence we go by Bottesall point, to Stert point, where two noble riuers doo make their confluence, which I will seuerallie describe, as to my purpose apperteineth.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The first of these is called the Iuell, or (as I find it in an ancient writer) Yoo,Iuelus. who saith that the riuer Yoo dooth runne from Ilchester to Bridgewater, and so into the sea. It riseth aboue Oburne, and at Shir|burne receiueth a water, whereof Leland saith thus. There are seuen springs in an hill called the seuen si|sters,The seuen sisters. north east from Shireburne, which gather into one bottome, & come into the Mere. Another brooke likewise commeth by Heidon from Puscandell, three miles from thence by flat east, betwixt the parke and the Mere full so great as the streame of the Mere, and ioining at the lower mill of Shireburne, with the Mere water, it is not long yer it fall into the E|uill. Thence our Euill goeth on towards Glasen Bradford, and yer it come there taketh in a forked rill from by south, descending from about west Chel|burie and Chetnall in Dorsetshire, beneath which towne the other head falleth into the same, so that they run foorth by Bearhaggard and Thorneford (till they méet with the Iuell) and so to Clifton, Euill a proper market towne, Trent, Mutford, Ashinton, and east of Limminton it méeteth with the CadeCade. that runneth from Yarlington, by north Cadbirie, and soone after crossing a rill also from by east, that commeth from Blackeford by Compton, it hasteth to south Cadbirie, Sparkeford, Queenes Camell, west Camell, and so into Iuell, which runneth on to Kimmington, Ilchester, Ilbridge, long Sutton, and yer it come at Langport, taketh in two famous wa|ters in one chanell, next of all to be remembred be|fore I go anie further. The first of all these riseth southeast betwéene the Parrets (where it is called Parret water) and goeth to Crokehorne,Parret. and at Meriot taketh in a brooke from the east, which consi|steth of two courses vnited at Bowbridge, whereof the one descendeth from Pen by Hasilburie, the o|ther from aboue the thrée Chenocks, as I doo vnder|stand.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 From hence also they go as one with the Parret water, toward south Pederton (taking in at east a becke comming from Hamden hill) thence to Pe|derton, Lambrooke, Thorneie bridge, and Muchelneie where it méeteth with the second called Ill or Ilus, Ill. whose head is aboue Chellington, & comming downe from thence by Cadworth, before it come at Dun|niet, it taketh in a rill that runneth by Chascombe and Knoll. Thence leauing Ilmister on the east side, it meeteth with another from by east, descending from about Whitlakington. Then it goeth to Po|kington (where it crosseth the Ilton water by west)Ilton. next to Ilbruers, and there it ioineth with a rillet that riseth by west at Staple, and runneth by Bick|nell and Abbats Ilie, and after this confluence goeth on toward Langport. And here after some mens o|pinion, the Iuell looseth his name, and is called Par|ret: but this coniecture cannot hold, sith in the old writers it is called Iuell, till it fall into the sea. Ne|uerthelesse, how soeuer this matter standeth), being past Langport, it goeth by Awber toward saint An|thonies, where it méeteth with the Tone next of all to be described.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Tone issueth at Clatworthie,Tone. and goeth by west of Wiuelscombe, to Stawleie, Ritford; Run|ton, Wellington and Bradford, beneath which it ta|keth in a faire water cõming from Sanford Combe, Elworthie, Brunt Rafe, Miluerton, Oke and Hil|farens. After this confluence also it runneth to He|lebridge, and there below méeteth with one water that runneth by Hawse, Hethford and Norton, then another from Crokeham by bishops Slediard, and the third & fourth at Taunton, that descendeth from Kingston by north, and another by south that riseth about Pidmister. And thus is the Tone increased, which goeth from Taunton to Riston, Crech, North|currie, Ling, and so by Anthonie into the Iuell, that after this confluence méeteth yer long with the Chare, a pretie riuer that commeth by east from Northborow,Chare or Care. by Carleton, Badcare, Litecare, So|merton, Higham, Audrie moore, Audrie, and Michels|borow. From whence going on betweene Quéenes moore and North moore, it receiueth one brooke called Peder from by southwest, that runneth through Pe|derton parke and North moore;Peder. and likewise another that passeth by Durleie, yer it doo come at Bridge|water. From Bridgewater it goeth by Chilton di|rectlie north west, and then turning flat west, it go|eth northward towards the sea, taking in two wa|ters EEBO page image 67 by the waie, whereof one runneth by Coripole & Camington,Camington. Brier. and beareth the name of Camington, the other by Siddington and Comage, and then re|ceiuing the Brier before it come at Start point, they fall as one into the Ocean, whereof let this suf|fice for the description of the Iuell, whose streame dooth water all the west part of Summersetshire and leaueth it verie fruitfull.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Brier,Brier. Bruer, or Bréer, riseth of two waters, wherof one is in Selwood forrest, & commeth downe by Bruecombe,Leland wri|teth the first Brieuelus and the second Mellodunus or the Milton water. Bruham, and Bruton. The other which Leland nameth Mellos, is northest of Staffor|dell towne, and going by the same, it runneth by Redlinch, to Wike; where it méeteth with the other head, and thence go on as one to Awnsford, Alford (where it taketh in a water called Dulis from by north that riseth néere Dolting,Dulis. and commeth by E|uerchurch parke) then to the Lidfords, Basbo|row wood, the Tor hill,Sowaie or Stowaie. Pont perilous (whereinto they fable that Arthur being wounded to death did throw Calibur his sword) by Glastenburie and so in|to the Méere. Beside this riuer there are two other also that fall into the said Méere, whereof the one cal|led Sowaie commeth from Créechurch parke, and Pulton by Hartlacke bridge,Cos. the other named Cos or the Coscombe water, from aboue Shepton, Mal|let (which east of Wike taketh in a water comming from Welles) by Wike, Gedneie, and so into the Méere. Finallie, returning all into one chanell, it runneth to Burtlehouse, and soone after diuiding it selfe, one arme goeth by Bastian aliàs Brent bridge, to High bridge, leauing Huntspill a market towne by southwest, the other by Marke to Rokes bridge, Hebbes passage, and so into the sea, leauing a faire Iland, wherin beside Brentmarsh are seuen or eight townes, of whose names I haue no knowledge.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Now as touching the water that commeth from Welles, which falleth (as I said) into the Coscombe water on the right hand of the Cawseie; you shall vnderstand that as manie springs are in Wels, so the chiefe of them is named Andres well, which riseth in a medow plat not farre from the east end of the cathedrall church, and afterward goeth into the Cos|combe, in such place as I haue noted. Leland spea|keth of the Milton & Golafer waters,Milton. Golafer. which should fall likewise into the Brier: but whether those be they whereof the one riseth aboue Staffordell, and in the descent runneth by Shipton, Pitcombe, and so to Awnsford on the one side, as the other dooth rise be|twéene Batcombe and Upton noble on the other halfe; or vnto whether of them either of these names are seuerallie to be attributed: as yet I doo not read.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 The second Axe which commeth by Axe towne in old time called Uexa,Axe. 2. The Cheder|brooke, driueth twelue miles within a quar+ter of a mile of his head. issueth out of Owkie hole, from whence it goeth by Owkie towne, afterward meeting with the Chederbrooke that commeth from the Cheder rocks, wherein is an hole in old time cal|led Carcer Aeoli, wherof much hath béene written & surmised past credit. It runneth by Were, Ratcliffe, and after a little compasse into the northeast branch of the aforesaid riuer last described, betweene Rokes bridge and Hebbes passage, as I haue beene infor|med. From the fall of Axe we come to an other cal|led Bane, northeast of Woodspring,Bane. whose head is a|bout Banwell parke, or else in Smaldon wood. Then to an other, and to the third, called Artr [...],Artro. which riseth about Litton, and going by the Artroes, Ubbeie, Perribridge (receiuing a rill yer it come thither from by south) beneath Cungesbirie, or (as I learne) be|twéene Kingston and Laurence Wike, it méeteth with the sea.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 Sottespill water riseth betwéene Cheueleie and Naileseie,S [...]ttespill. howbeit it hath no increase before it come into the sea at Sottespill, more than the next vnto it, which is named Cleueden water, of a certeine towne neere to the fall thereof.Cleueden. It riseth southeast of Barrow, goeth by Burton Naileseie, and so vnto Cleuedon. The Auon, commonlie called the third Auon, is a goodlie water,Auon. 3. and growne to be verie fa|mous by sundrie occasions, to be particularlie tou|ched in our description of Bristow. Yet thus much will I note héere thereof as a rare accident, how that in king Edgars daies, the verie same yeare that the old monasterie of Euesham fell downe by it selfe, a porpasse was taken therein neere to the said monasterie, and neuer anie before or since that time heard of to haue béene found in that streame. And euen so not manie yeares before I first wrote this treatise,Sturgion ta|ken in Roche|ster water. a sturgion was taken aliue in Roche|ster streame, which the bishop gaue vnto your honor, and you would as gladlie haue sent it to the quéenes maiestie, if she might haue béene presented withall a|liue as it was taken. Certes both these rare occur|rents gaue no lesse occasion of strange furmises to the inhabitants of both places, than the blockes of Brerton, when they appeare, doo vnto that familie; of which the report goeth that they are neuer séene but against some mischéefe or other to befall vnto that house. But how farre am I gone from my pur|pose?

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Auon therefore riseth in the verie edge of Tetburie, and goeth by long Newton to Broken|ton, Whitchurch, and Malmsburie, where it receiueth two waters, that is to saie, one from by west com|ming by Foxeleie and Bromleham, which runneth so néere to the Auon in the west suburbe of Malms|burie, that the towne thereby is almost made an I|land. Another from Okeseie parke by Hankerton, Charleton, and Garesden. After this confluence it hasteth to Cole parke, then goeth it toward the south|east, till it méet with a water comming from south|west (betwéene Hullauington and Bradfield) by A|ston: and soone after with another at the northside from Binall by Wootton Basset (through the parke to Gretenham, and Idouer bridges) and after the confluence to Dauntseie, Segar, Sutton, Christ|malford, Auon, Calwaies house, and then to west Tetherton. Beneath this towne also it taketh in a water increased by two brookes, whereof one com|ming from Cleue by Hilmarton, Whitleie house and Bramble (and there receiuing another that commeth by Calne) passeth on by Stanlie into the Auon, which from thence foorth goeth to Chippenham, Rowdon, Lekham, and then receiuing Cosham water,Cosham. goeth to Lacocke, Melsham, and yer it come at Whaddon, crosseth two other in one chanell, whereof one riseth about Brumham house, and goeth to Sene, the other about the Diuizes, and from thence runneth to Pot|terne wood, Creke wood, Worton, Maston, Buck|lington, and ioining with the other aboue Litleton, they run by Semmingto [...], and north of Whaddon aforesaid into the maine streame, whereof I now intreat. From hence our Auon runneth to Stauer|ton, and southwest of that towne méeteth with the Were that commeth from Upton by Dilton,Were. Brooke parke (there crossing a rill called Bisse from West|birie vnder the plaine) then to north Bradleie,Westbirie vn|der ye plaine, neuer with|out a théefe or twaine. Tru|bridge, and so into Auon that goeth from thence to Bradford, & within a mile or there abouts, before it come at Freshford, it méeteth with the Frome, whose description dooth insue.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 The Frome riseth in the east part of Mendip hils,Frome. and from thence runneth by Astwti [...], the Cole pits, Lie vnder Mendip, Whateleie, Elmesbridge, and soone after taketh in the Nonneie water, com|ming from Nonneie castell,Nonneie. thence to Walles and Orcharleie bridge, where it receiueth a pretie brooke EEBO page image 68 descending from Frome Selwood west of Brack|leie, increased with sundrie rils, whereof two come out of Selwood forrest (and one of them from the Fratrie) another out of Long lead parke, from Hor|ningsham, and the fourth from Cofleie. Hence our Frome goeth to Lullington, Beckington, Farleie castell, Bord and Fresh foord, and taking in the Sil|ling brooke, falleth into the Auon beneath Bradford, and east of Freshford. From thence going beneath Stoke,Silling. it receiueth on the left hand a water com|ming from southwest, increased by sundrie brookes, whereof one commeth from Camelet by Litleton, and Dankerton, the other from Stone Eston, Mid|summer Norton, by Welston, Rodstocke, Wrigle|ton, Foscot, and Wellow, and there (taking in a rill from Phillips Norton) it goeth by Clauerton to Hampton, and there it méeteth with another water comming from Barthford, whose head is at Litleton from whence it runneth by west Kineton to Castell combe (where it ioineth with a rill rising by north from Litleton drue) and thence commeth south to Slaughtenford, Haselburie, Box, Baithford, and so into the Auon, which turning plaine west, hasteth to Baithwijc, and (meeting with another in his passage from Caldaston) to Bath, the Tiuertons, and Co|ston.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Héere also it taketh in a rill by the waie from Markesburie by Wilmerton and Newton, and then going on to Sawford, it méeteth with one rill soone west of Northstocke,Swinford. named Swinford, and another by Bitton, from Durhain by Wike, and so procée|deth still holding on his way to Caimsham,Swinford parteth Sum+merset & Glo|cestershires in sunder. a towne in Summerset shire (so called of Caim an English saint, by whose praiers, as the countrie once beléeued, all the adders, snakes and serpents were turned in|to stone, their formes reserued, and for a certeine space of ground about the said towne, and whereof some store as yet is to be found in those quaries. But this miracle is so true as the historie of Hilda, or that S. Patrike should chase all venemous crea|tures out of Italie with his staffe; or that maid Ra|degund should driue the crowes to the pound, which did annoie hir corne while she went vnto a chappell to heare & sée a masse) where it crosseth the Chute, which issueth at Winford, and goeth by bishops Chue to Penford, and there receiueth the Clue comming from Cluton, and from thence to Chute, & so into the Auon. The Auon likewise after all these confluen|ces goeth to Briselton, and so to Bristow, beneath which it receiueth a rill on each side (wherof one com|meth from about Stoke lodge in Glocestershire, be|ing a faire water and running by Acton, Framp|ton, Hambroch, Stapleton, and through Bristow, the other by south from Dundreie hill and towne, by Bisport and Bedminster) and so descending yet lower, goeth to Rawneham passage and Clifton, then by S. Uincents rocke and Laie, next of all to Crocampill, and finallie into the sea, whither all wa|ters by nature doo resort.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Beside this water, Leland maketh mention of AlderleieAlderleie. brooke, which in some ancient records is al|so called Auon, and runneth by Barkeleie. In like maner he talketh of Douresleie booke, whose princi|pall head is in DouresleieDouresleie. towne: howbeit he saith no thing of it more, than that it serueth sundrie tuck|ing lucking milles, and goeth by Tortworth or foure miles further,Torworth. before it come at the Sauerne. Fi|nallie, making mention of an excellent quarrie of hard stone about Douresleie, he telleth of the Tort|worth becke, that runneth within a flight shot of Barkeleie towne, and falleth on the left hand into Sauerne marches, taking with all the Alderleie or Auon, except I mistake his meaning, which may soone be doone among his confused notes.