Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 But now to returne to other matters concerning the state of the realme. After the returne of the earle of Buckingham, it was ordeined by aduise of the councell, that the duke of Lancaster should eftsoones go as ambassador from king Richard into Scotland, to see if he might renew the truce (which shortlie would haue beene expired) for three yéeres longer. Al|so whereas there was variance and open war main|teined, betwixt Iohn king of Castile, and Iohn king of Portingale, the earle of Cambridge, the lord Wil|liam de Beauchampe, the lord Botreux, and sir Mat|thew Gournie,An armie sent into Portin|gale to aid the king there a|gainst the K. of Castile. were sent into Portingale with fiue hundred armed men, and fiue hundred archers to aid the king of Portingale against the king of Castile, who was sonne to the bastard Henrie: for the duke of Lancaster reioised greatlie, that he might haue such a fréend as the king of Portingale, to ioine with him in aid against the king of Castile; meaning (as soone as opportunitie would serue) to go ouer with an armie to chalenge his right, and pursue his claime to the crowne of Castile and Leon, against the vsurper, in right of his wife quéene Constance, eldest daughter to the late lawfull king Peter, whom Henrie the bastard as before (yée haue heard) did still persecute, till he had bereft from him both his life and kingdome.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 2 It was meant therefore that if the duke of Lan|caster could compasse his purpose, for the which he went at that time into Scotland, to the honour of the king and realme, then should he shortlie after fol|low his brother of Cambridge with a great power, to trie what chance God would send to him, against his aduersarie the king of Castile. ¶In the meane time other incidents fell within the realme in the fourth yeare of king Richard, sore to the disquieting of the same, and vtter disappointing for that time of the duke of Lancasters intent. The commons of the realme sore repining, not onelie for the pole grotes that were demanded of them,The cõmons by reason of the great sub|sidie and other oppressions rise in diuerse parts of the realme. by reason of the grant made in parlement (as yée haue heard) but also (as some write) for that they were sore oppressed (as they tooke the matter) by their land-lords, that demanded of them their ancient customes and seruices, set on by some diuelish instinct & persuasion of their owne beastlie intentions, as men not content with the state wherevnto they were called, rose in diuerse parts of this realme, and assembled togither in com|panies, purposing to inforce the prince to make them frée, and to release them of all seruitude,Uillaines. where|by they stood as bondmen to their lords and superi|ours.

Compare 1577 edition: 1 Where this rebellion of the commons first began, diuerse haue written diuerslie. One author writeth; that (as he learned by one that was not farre from the place at that time) the first beginning should be at Dert+ford in Kent: for when those pole shillings,The begin|ning of the re|bellion at Der+ford in Kent. or rather (as other haue) pole grotes, were to be col|lected, no small murmuring, curssing, and repining among the common people rose about the same, and the more indeed, through the lewd demenour of some vndiscréet officers, that were assigned to the gathe|ring thereof, insomuch that one of those officers be|ing appointed to gather vp that monie in Dertford aforesaid, came to the house of one Iohn Tiler, that had both seruants in his house, and a faire yong maid to his daughter. The officer therefore demanding monie for the said Tiler and for his wife, his ser|uants, and daughter, the wife being at home, and hir husband abroad at worke in the towne, made an|swer that hir daughter was not of age, and there|fore she denied to paie for hir.