1.11. Of the Sauerne ſtreame and ſuch falles of ry|uers as go into the ſea,
betweene it and the Humber. Cap. 10.
Of the Sauerne ſtreame and ſuch falles of ry|uers as go into the ſea,
betweene it and the Humber. Cap. 10.
Compare 1587 edition:
1
2 THE Sauerne deuideth
Englande or that part of the Iſland,
[...]
which ſometime was called Lhoegres from Cambria, ſo cal|led of
Camber, the ſecond ſonne of Brute, as our hyſtories doe report. But nowe it
height Wales of the Germaine worde Walſhe, wherby that nation doth vſe to
call all ſtran|gers without reſpect of countrie. It tooke the name of a
certaine Lady, called Habren, baſe daughter of Locrinus
begotten vpon Eſtrildes daughter to Humber king of
Scythia,
[...] per [...] truth Aber [...] called the [...]
that ſometime inuaded this Iſlande and was o|uerthrowne here, in the
dayes of this Locri|nus as ſhall be ſhewed at hande. For after the
death of Locrinus, it came to paſſe that Guendolena his wyfe ruled
the kingdome in the noneage of hir ſonne, and then getting EEBO page image 26
[...]. Of the drowning of the ſayde [...] I finde theſe verſes inſuing.
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1
In fl [...]uium praecipit atur Abien,
Nomen Abien fl [...]uio de virgine [...]
[...]
Nomino [...]r [...]pto deinde Sabrina lat [...].
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1 But to returne to our
Sauerne, it ſpringeth from the high mountaines of ſouth Wales, called in
Welche Plim Limmon in latine Plimmon [...]
in Engliſhe the Blacke moun|taines, & out of the ſame head
with the Wye, where it hath in Latitude as ſome geſſe 52. degrées and [...]9 minutes, and in longitude 15. and 50. From he [...]e it [...]onneth to Catr Lew [...] (famous in nune, but in déede a poore throwfaire from Ma [...]encliffe) then to Lani [...]|las, to Newton (or Trenewith) to Ar [...]iſtle, to Leueden, then within a myle of Mounte|gomery to the Welche
poole, thence wythin half a mile of Pon [...]ibery Colledge to Shroſ|bury, and ſo to bridge North, receyuing
ſun|dry brookes and waters by the way, of which the Cerlon or Serlo ſéemeth
to be the grea|teſt,
[...]rlon. and whereby the chanell thereof is not a little
increaſed. From Bridgenorth it encli|neth toward ye ſouth vnto Worceſter
where [...] about it receyueth other ſtreames, [...]s the Teme on the Weſt halfe a myle beneath Worceſter,
[...]me. not farre from Powike Milles. And another in the Eaſt,
comming frõ Staf|forde, and ſo holding one towarde Gloceſter,
[...]on. méeteth with the Auon not farre from Theo|keſ [...]yry, and from whence they come both as one to Gloceſter, as mine
informacion doth ſerue me. Here gathering agayne ſomewhat toward the
weſt,
[...]
it paſſeth by weſt of Deane, where it meteth with the Wy, which is
none of the leaſt famous of all thoſe that mixe thẽ|ſelues wyth
Sauerne.
[...]uge. Being alſo great|lye enlarged with the Wylow or Wi [...]inghe (another great ſtreate ſtreame increaſed by the Geuenni, and
another) it goeth vnto the Holmes, where after it hath mette in the meane
ſeaſon with ſundry other brookes, it falleth into the maine ſea, betwéene
Wales and Cornewall, which is and ſhalbe called the Sauerne ſea, ſo long as
Sauerne ryuer doth hold and kéepe hir name. But as the ſaid ſtreame in
length of courſe bounty of water and depth of chanell commeth farre behinde
the Thames, ſo for other commodities as [...] veſſels on the ſame.
The [...] Wy,Wy mouth
[...] myles ouer (ſayth Leland) or [...]lſe my [...] doth faile me.
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1 This ryuer Guy or Wy
beginneth as I ſayde before on the ſide of the hilles,Guy
alias Wy. where the Sauerne doth ariſe, and paſſing
thorowe We [...]elande, doeth fall into the Sauerne beneath Chepſto at the aforeſayde
place.
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1 Lelande writing of this
ryuer ſayeth thus, the Wy goeth thorowe all Herefordſhyre by Bradwerden
Caſtell (belonging to Syr Ri|charde [...]) & ſo to Hereforde eaſt,Vmber a fiſhe
onely in the Wy. thence eyght myles to Roſſe a market towne in
Herefordſhyre, and in this ryuer be Vmbers otherwyſe called graylinged.
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1 Next vnto this is the
Aberwiſh, or Wyſke whereon Caerleon ſtrandeth ſometime,Wiſke. cal|led Cheſter. This riuer ryſeth in the blacke
mountaines, tenne myles aboue Brechnoch towarde Cairmardine, and runneth
thorow the great and litle forreſt of Brechnoch, then it goeth by Redwin
bridge, to Breckenock, Penkithly, Cregh [...]ell, Aberg [...]ue [...]nt, Vſke, Carleon, Newporte, and ſo vnto the ſea, ta|king withall the
Ebowith.Ebowith. This Ebowith is a riuelet
ryſing flat North, in a mountaine of high Wenſlande, and going ſtreight from
thence into Diffrin Serowy vale, it falleth into the Vſke or Wiſke, a myle
and a halfe beneath Newporte, from whence likewyſe it is vnto the hauen
mouth of Wiſke about half a mile more. But to procede withour Wiſke. Certes
this riuer is famous and vpon ſome partes of the lower bankes eſpecially
about Carleon is much Romaine Coyne found, of all maner of ſortes, as men
eare and digge the grounde. Furthermore this ſtreame is one of the greateſt
in Southwales and huge ſhips might well come to the towne of Car|leon, as
they did in the time of the Romaines if Newport bridge were not a let vnto
them. EEBO page image 36 Neuertheleſſe bigge bo [...]es come thereto. It is eyght Welche or tw [...]l [...]e Engliſhe myles from Chepſtow or Strigull, and of ſome thought to be
in Bace Wencelande, though other be of the contrarie opinion. But howſo|euer
the matter ſtandeth, this ryuer is taken to be the bo [...]ds of Brechnockſhyre, as Ren|ni is to midle Wenceland and
Glamorgan|ſhyre.
Remenei, or Remni.The next riuer vnto Vſke or
Wiſke is cal|led Remenei or Remni, whoſe heade is thrée or foure
myles aboue Eggluis Tider Vap Hoell (otherwyſe called Fanum
Theodori, or the Church of Theodorus) whence come ma|nye
ſprings, & taking one botome, the water is called Kayach. It is alſo
augmented with the Riſca brooke, comming vnto it out of a Paroche called
Eggluis Ilan, and then al|togither named Riſca.Riſca. Thence running tho|rowe Bedwes Paroche, it is called Renmy
or Remeny and ſo continueth vntill it come at the Sauerne. The fall therof
alſo is not a|boue ſixe myles from the ryuer Wiſke. Al|though that for
ſhippes it be nothing commo|dious. It is more ouer a limite betwéene the
Silures and Glamorganſhyre.
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1
Taffe. From the mouth of Renni, to the mouth of
Taffe are two myles. Thys ryuer is the greateſt in all Glamorganſhyre, and
the ci|tie Taffe it ſelfe of good countenaunce, ſith it is endued with the
Cathedrall ſea of a Bi|ſhop. The head of this water cõmeth downe from
Wooddy hilles, and often bringeth ſuch logges and bodyes of trées withal
frõ thence, that they fruſh the bridge in péeces, but for aſ|much as it is
made of tymber, it is repayred with leſſe coſt, whereas if it were of harde
ſtone all the countrie thereabouts would not be able to amende it. Into this
ſtreame alſo falleth Lhay,Lhay. which deſcendeth
(but more ea|ſterly) from the ſame hilles and it méeteth with all beneath
Landaffe, that ſtandeth al|moſt euen at the verye confluence, and thus
ſayeth Lhoyd, but Lelande noteth it other|wyſe. In like ſorte the Taffe
receyueth the Rodney Vaur,Rodeney vaur, Rodeny
vehan. and Rodeney Vehan, in one botome, which ſpring in the
Lordſhip of Glin Rodeney within two miles togither. Of theſe alſo the
Rodeney Vaur ryſeth by Northweſt in a great high rocke, called Driſſiog.
Rode|ney Vehan iſſueth a myle aboue caſtell Noſe (by northweſt alſo) but
néerer towarde Myſ|ken Lordſhip, ſo that the Rodney Vaur head and ſtreame
lieth more weſt vp into Wales. As for Caſtell Noſe, it is but a highe ſtonye
Cragge in the toppe of a hil: but to procéede. Rodeney Vaur runneth vnder a
bridge of wood a myle from Penriſe, then to Ponte Kemmeis two myles lower,
and a little be|neath is the confluence. There be alſo two ſmall bridges on
Rodeney Vehan of w [...]d, whereof the firſt is agaynſt P [...]r [...]ſe thrée quarters of a myle of, the other a little aboue the
confluẽce right againſt the bridg on Rod|ney Vaur. There is a bridg of wood
alſo vpõ the whole ſtreame two myles beneath the ſayde confluence, called
Pont Newith, and a quarter of a mile from the place where it go|eth into
Taffe.
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1
2
3
4 From Taffe to Lay mouth
or Ele ryuer a mile, from Lhay mouth (or rather Penarth,Lhay. that ſtandeth on the Weſt poynt of it) to the mouth of
Thawan ryuer (from whence is a cõmon paſſage ouer vnto Mineheued in
So|merſetſhyre of ſeuentene myles) are about ſeuen Welche myles,Thawan which are counted af|ter this maner. A myle
and a halfe aboue Thawan is Scylley Hauenet,Scylley. (a pretie ſuc|cour for ſhippes) whoſe heade is in Wenno
paroche two myles & a halfe from the ſhore. From Scilley mouth to
Aber Barry a mile,Barry. and thither commeth a
little ryll of freſh wa|ter into Sauerne, whoſe head is ſcant a myle of in
playne grounde by Northeaſt,This I went 50. yeres [...] for 10. [...]. & right a|gainſt the fall of this becke lyeth
Barry Iſ|lande a flight ſhotte from the ſhore at the full ſea. Halfe a myle
aboue Aber Barry is the mouth of Come kydy,Com [...]
which ryſeth flat north frõ the place where it goeth into ye
Sauerne & ſerueth oft for herbor vnto ſea farers. Thẽce to the
mouth of Thawan are 3. myles, wher|vnto ſhippes may come at will. Two myles
aboue Thawan is Colhow,Colhow. whether a little
rill reſorteth from Lau Iltuit, thence to the mouth of Alen foure
myles,Alen. that is a myle to S. Dynothes
Caſtell, and thrée myles fur|der. The Alen riſeth by northeaſt vp into the
lande at a place, called Lhes Broimith, or Skyrpton, about foure myles aboue
the plot where it commeth by it ſelfe into Sauerne. From thence to the mouth
of Ogur alias Gur thrée miles.Ogur. Then
come they in proceſſe of tyme vnto the Kenſike or Colbrooke ryuer which is
no great thing,Kenſike. ſith it ryſeth not a|boue
3. myles frõ the ſhore. From Kenſike to Aber Auon two myles,Auon. and herein doe ſhips moleſted with weather
oftentimes ſéeke her|borow. It commeth of two armes, whereof that which
lyeth Northeaſt is called Auon Vaur, the other that lyeth Northweſt Auon
Vehã. They méete togither at Lhanuoy Hẽ|gle, about two myles aboue Aber
Auon vil|lage, which is two myles alſo from the ſea. From hence to the Neth
is about two miles and a halfe,Neth. thereon come
ſhiplettes al|moſt to the towne of Neth frõ the Sauerne. From the mouth of
Neth vnto the mouth of Crimline becke is two miles, and being paſ|ſed EEBO page image 27 the ſame we come vnto the Tauy,Tauy. which deſcendeth from the aforeſayd hilles and fal|leth
into the Sea by Eaſt of Swanſey. Be|yng paſt this wée come vnto the Lichwr,
or Lochar mouth and then glyding by the Wormes head,Lochar. [...]andres. we paſſed to the Wandreſ|mouth, whereof I finde this
deſcription fol|lowing in Lelande.Vendraith [...]aur Vẽ| [...]raith Ve| [...]a. Both Vendraith, Vaur & Vẽdraith Vehan, ryſe in a
péece of Carmar|dineſhyre, called Iſſekenen, that is to ſay, the lowe
quarter about Kennen ryuer, and be|twixt the heades of theſe two hitles, is
ano|ther hill, wherein be ſtones of a gréeniſh cou|lour, whereof the
inhabitauntes make theyr Lime. The name of the hyll that Vendraith Vaur
ryſeth in, is called Mennith Vaur, and therein is a poole as in a moriſh
ground, na|med Lhintegowen, where ye principall ſpring is, & thys
hyll is eight or nyne myles frõ Kid|welli. The hyll that Vendraith Vehan
ſprin|geth out of, is called Mennith Vehan, & thys water commeth by
Kydwelly towne. But a|bout thrée or foure myles, eare it come thy|ther, it
receyueth a brooke, called Treſgyrth the courſe wherof is little aboue a
myle from the place where it goeth into Vendraith, and yet it hath foure or
fiue turking milles and thrée Corne milles vppon it. At the heade of this
brooke is an hole in the hilles ſide, where men often enter and walke in a
large ſpace. And as for the brooke it ſelfe, it is one of the moſt
plentifull and commodious that is to be founde in Wales. All along the ſides
alſo of Vendraith Vaur, you ſhall finde great plen|tye of Seacoles. There is
a great hole by heade of Vendraith Vehan, where men vſe to enter into
vaultes of great compaſſe, and it is ſayde, that they may go one way vnder
the grounde to Wormes head, and another waye to Cairkennen caſtell, which is
thrée myles or more vnto the lande. But how true theſe things are it is not
in me to determine, yet this is certaine, that there is very good Hawking at
the Heron in Vendraith Vehã. There are dyuers printes of the paſſage of
certaine Wormes alſo in the Caue, at the head of Vẽdraith Vehan, as the
inhabitants doe fable, but I neuer heard of any man that ſaw any Worme
there, and yet it is beléeued that many Wormes are there.
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1
Tow, or Towy.Being paſt this, we came to the
Abertowy or mouth of the Towz. This riuer ryſeth in the mountaines of
Elinith foure myles by ſouth from Lintiue in a moriſh grounde, 24. miles
from Carmardyn and in a forreſt cal|led Biſhops forreſt midway betwixt
Land|wybreuy & Landanuery caſtell. For fiſh this is much better in
mine opinion, thẽ the Taw or Taffe, whoſe head breadeth no fiſhe, but if
any be caſt into it, they turne vp their bellies and die out of hande. Into
this riuer alſo fal|leth one called Guthrike,Guthrijc. not farre frõ Lan|donuery towne, which is two and
twentye myle frõ the head of Towy. In like ſort the Kenen ryuer falleth
into the Towy about Landilouaur,Kenen. which is
two m [...]es higher vpõ Towy, the Dinefur caſtel & the whole courſe of
this water is not aboue thrée myles.Brane. The
Brane (another ryuer alſo) after it hath run from the head by the ſpace of
12 myles doth come hard by the foote of Landonuery caſtel, and taking with
it the Euery, they fall togi|ther into the Towz, a little beneath the
Ca|ſtell.Euery. Thys Euery runneth through the
mid|deſt of Landanuery towne. Beneath Lãdan|uery in like ſorte another
brooke called Mar|leis, falleth into the Towy, and foure myles beneath the
ſame two other, of which the one is called Nonneis.
Nonneis. Foure miles alſo from A|bermarleis or the
place where Towy & Mar|leis doe méete (towarde Carmardine) run|neth
the riuer Duleſſe, which ſoone after fal|leth alſo into Towy. Furthermore 2.
miles beneath the fall of Duleſſe, there is another, and thrée or foure
myles beyonde this, is the ſeconde Duleſſe, & eache of them after
other fall into the ſaide ryuer, but this latter about Driſlan Caſtell, as
Lelande hath deſcrybed thẽ. Procéeding yet further ſtill toward
Car|mardine, our ſayde ſtreame goeth by Landi|ſtupham Caſtell, and alſo into
the ſea, about thrée myles beyonde Driſlan Caſtell. Alſo he confeſſeth
moreouer, that he ſawe the fall of Cothey, a fayre ryuer, into the ſayd
ſtreame, & this was within foure myles of Carmar|dine, wherof I
ſpake before.Cothey. The Cothey ri|ſeth thrée
myles frõ Landanbreui vnder the hulke of Blaine Icorne, which is a narrowe
paſſage, and therein marueylous heapes of ſtones.
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1
2 The next riuer we came
vnto vpon the coſt is called Taue,Taue. whoſe head
runneth alſo from the blacke mountaines at a place thrée miles from Cardigan
called Preſſelen, thence it goeth by Saint Clares, and as it haſteth to|ward
the ſea,Gowe. it taketh the ryuer Gowe with it,
which riſeth at Blaincowen two myles or more aboue the bridge.Duddery. Barth|kinni. Morlais. Then the Duddery
ryuer, and Barthkinni ſtreame, Venny & Morlais. Next of all come we
to Milford ha|uen,Dugledu, wherunto two ryuers
direct their courſe from the Northeaſt called Dugledu or the two ſwordes and
betwéene them both is a [...] which they cal alſo Cultlell (that is to ſay) the knyfe,Cultlell. wereof riſeth a merry tale of a welch|man
that lying in this place abrode all night in the colde weather,☜ he was demaunded of his hoſteſſe (where he did
breake his faſte the EEBO page image 37 next morrowe) at what Inne he laye in the
night precedent, bycauſe he came ſo ſoone to hir houſe ere any of hir maydes
were vp. Oh good hoſteſſe (quod he) be contented I laye to night in a
daungerous eſtate for I ſlepte be|twéene two ſwordes with a long knife at my
hart, meaning in déede that he lay betwéene theſe two ryuers, and his breaſt
towards the South néere to the heade of Cultlell. But to paſſe ouer theſe
ieſtes, here Leland ſpeaketh of a ryuer called Gwyly,Gwyly. but where it ryſeth or falleth he maketh no certaine
report: wher|fore it is requiſite that I procéede according to my purpoſe.
Beyng therfore paſſe this ha|uen and point of Demetia in caſting
aboute the coaſte we come to Saint Dewies, or S. Dauyds land,S. Dewy or Dauid all one. which I reade to be
ſeperated from the reſt of the countrey much after this manner, although I
graunt that there maye be an dare diuers other litle créekes, betwixt
Newgale and Saint Dauys head, & betwixt S. Dauys and Fyſchard,
beſide thoſe that are here mencioned out of a Regiſter of that houſe.
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1 As we turne therefore
from Milford, S. Dauys land beginneth at Newgall,Newgall. a créeke ſerued with a backe freſhe water. Howbeit there
is a Baye before this créeke betwixt it and Milford. From hence about foure
miles is Saluache créeke,Saluach. otherwiſe called
Saue|rach, whether ſome freſhe water reſorteth: ye mouth alſo thereof is a
good reſcue for Ba|lingers as it (I meane the regiſter) ſayth. Thence go we
to Portclais 3. myles where is a litle portlet,Portclais.
Alen. whether the Alen that com|meth thorowe Sainte Dewies cloſe
doth runne.
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1
2 It lyeth a myle ſouthweſt
frõ S. Dewies, Saint Stinans Chappell alſo is betwéene Portclais,Portmaw Maw. and Portmaw. The next is Porte Maw,
where I founde a great eſtuary into the lande.Pendwy. The Pendwy halfe a mile from ye: Land Vehan is 3. myles
frõ Pendwy,Lanuehã. where is a ſalt créeke,Tredine. then to Tredine thrée myles, where is
another créeke to Langunda,Langũda. foure miles,
and another créeke is there in like ſort where fyſher men catche
Herring.Fiſchard. Here alſo the Gwerne riuer
deuideth Penbidianc from Fiſcherdine Kemmeis land. Frõ Langunda to Fiſchard
at the Gwerne mouth 4. myles,Gwerne. &
here is a portlet or hauenet alſo for ſhippes. and thus much of Saint Dauids
lande. Be|ſides this alſo Leland in a third booke talketh of Linnes and
Pooles, but for as much as my purpoſe is not to ſpeake of Lakes &
Lhinnes, I paſſe them ouer as haſting to the Teify, in latine
Tibius, which is the nexte ryuer that ſerueth for my
purpoſe.
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1
Teyfy.The Teyfy therfore is a right noble ryuer,
as anye in Wales,
Caſtor [...]
[...]
Englan [...]
fraught with delicate Samons, and herein onely of all the ryuers in
Englande is the Caſtor or Beuer to bée founde. It aryſeth foure
myles from Strat|fleur out of a Poole called Lhintiue, lying on the Weſt
ſide of the blacke mountaines (as the Sauerne doth ſpring out from by eaſt
of them) & holding on with the ordinary courſe,Fleure. it commeth at laſte to Stradfleur, where it méeteth with
a brooket called the Fleure or Flere. Frõ hence it procéedeth on vnto
Tre|garon, Bruy, Landfur, Glydois, Budhair, Emlin, Kilgarran, & ſo
to Cardigon, which ſtandeth on the farder ſide as we go towarde the foreſaid
ryuer from by ſouth. Certes this ryuer which we nowe diſcribe, goeth in
man|ner plaine Weſt, till we come within ſyxe myles of Cairmardine, and then
returneth toward the North, ſo goyng on till it come at Abertiwy, or
Aberteify, as it is moſt cõmon|ly called. It deuideth Pembrooke from
Car|digan or Cereticanſhere, as Leland ſetteth it downe.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 Beyng paſte the Tewe or
Teify we came to Aberayron,Ayron. ſo called of the
ryuer Ayron which there falleth into the Maine, 3. myles beneath Lanclere.
It ryſeth alſo in a moun|taine, percel of the blacke hilles, by a chappel
called Blaine Penial, belonging to Landwy Breui, but it is in Cardigon ſhire
ouer Tiue and aboute three or foure myles from Tiue banckes.Arth. Next vnto this as I remember we paſſed by
Aberarth where was a pretye ſtreamelet & ſome ſlender harborow. And
thẽ we came to another water which falleth into ye ſea beneath Riſthide
(neither of them beingRis. of any great length
from their heades) and ſo vnto A [...]eryſtwith which yſſueth in a marſheYſtwich.
called Blaine Wythe (ſo farre as I remem|ber) and runneth about 13. or 14.
myles tyll it come at laſt into the ſea.Meleuen It
taketh withal by the waye alſo firſt the Meleuen and then the Rhedhol,Redol. a ryuer nothing inferiour vnto Yſtwith it
ſelfe, with whome it maketh his confluence aboue Badarne, and in a large
bo|tome goeth ſoone after into the ſea.
Hence we went vnto the Wy
whoſe heade commeth from the ſouth part of Snowdony by Mowdheuy Mathan
laith,Wy. and in this his courſe moreouer he
ſéemeth to parte Northe Wales and South Wales in ſunder. It is called in
latine Deuus, in Welſhe Dyfy, but how it came to be called Wy in
good ſoothe it is not found. It receyueth alſo the Alen which cõmeth from
the vpper part of Cormeryſt|with in Cardigonſhyre, out of the blaine, and
taketh alſo with it the Clardwyn, a brooke yſ|ſuing about a myle from
Cragnawlin and as it holdeth on the courſe it receyueth the EEBO page image 28
Clardwy which ſpringeth vp halfe a myle from the Clardue head (another
gullet like|wiſe falling from ye Rocky hilles into Clard|wy) and ſo goyng
together foure miles far|der they fall into the Allen. Finally after all
theſe haue as it were played together in one or moe bottomes among the
pleaſant Mea|dowes and lower groundes, by the ſpace of ſixe myles, vnder ye
name of Alen, they beate at the laſt vpon the Wy and accompany him directly
vnto the Ocean.
Compare 1587 edition:
1
2
3 After this we paſſed by
Aberho, ſo named of the Riuer Ho, that falleth therein to the ſea and
commeth thether from ye Alpes or hilles of Snowdony. From hence we ſayled
by Abermawr or mouth of Mawr,Mawr. which com|meth
in like ſorte from Snowdony, and ta|keth diuers Ryuers with him whoſe names
I doe not know.
[...]rtro. Then vnto ye Artro a brooke deſcending from thoſe
hilles alſo, and falling into the ſea a myle aboue the Harleche. Next of al
we behold the Gleſſe Linne that parteth Caernaruon from Merio [...]nneth ſhyre, and ſo came vnto Traith Vehan, betwixte which two, and
Traith Mawr rũneth a litle brooke thorowe the wharfe of Traith Mawr at the
low water as I read. Theſe 2 Traiths are ye mouthes of two faire ſtreames,
wherof the moſt Southerly is called Mawy,Mawy.
Ferles, the other Ferles, eche of them I ſaye deriuing his
ori|ginall water from Snowdony, as diuers o|ther brookes haue done already
before them. Of theſe alſo ye firſt paſſeth by diuers lakes, although I doe
not well knowe the names of anye one of them. From Traith mawr to Chrychet
are three myles,Crichet. where alſo is a lit|tle
rill ſerued with ſundrye waters. Then come we vnto the Erke,Erke. a pretye brooke diſ|cending frõ Madrijn
hilles. Then caſting a|bout toward the ſouth (as the coaſt lyeth) we ſawe
the Aberſoch or mouth of the Soch ry|uer vppon our right handes,Soch. in the mouthe whereof lye two Iſlandes, of
which the more Northerly is called Tudfall and the other Penrijn as Leland
did obſerue. After this, goyng about by the point we come to Daron
Ryuer,Daron. wherevppon ſtandeth Aberdaron a
quarter of a mile frõ the ſhore betwixt Aber|darõ and Vortigernes vale,
where the com|paſſe of the ſea gathereth in a heade and en|treth at both
endes:
[...]euenni. Thẽ come we to Venni brooke which runneth by
Treuenni, and is about 12. myles of from Aberdaron. Then iij. miles of to
Egluis Epiſtle, whether com|meth a little brooke or rill from Gwortheren
Rocke, which ſome call Vortigernes Vale. From hence alſo 3. myles further,
we come to Lhanhelerion and then foure myles to Cluniock, and finally to
Clunio [...]k Vaur Ar|uon, where is a little rillet, & a myle or more
farder is another that goeth to the mayne ſea. Here in following Lelande as
I doe for the moſt part in all this Treatize where he kéepeth any order at
all (for his notes, are ſo diſperſed in his Comẽtaries ye one of them is
ſometimes is 6.8. or 20. leaues from another, and many of them penned after
a contrarye ſort) I finde theſe wordes. There is a brooke beyonde
Aberleuenni goyng by it ſelfe into the ſea: there be alſo two brookes
betwéene Gurnwy or Gwyrfay and Skeuerneck, as Golaid and Semare Poole:Golaide. Semer|poole. Sother. Menley. Sowther créeke
alſo is the verye pointe of Abermenley, by which notes as I finde not what
he ſaith, ſo the remembraunce of them may helpe better againſt the next
publication of this booke: to procéede therefore in ſuch order as I may.
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1 Leuenni is a great brooke
ryſing 4. mile aboue the place, where it falleth into the ſea,Leuen. Leuen brooke cõmeth into the ſea two miles
aboue Skeuernocke:Skeuer|nocke. Skeuernocke a
little brooke ſixe myles aboue Aberſaint. Auõ Gur|nay commeth thorowe
pontnewith bridge, and after into Meney at South Crock, two myles of
Cladwant brooke,Cladwant and ryſing thrée myles
from thence it commeth thorow the towne bridge of Carnaruon and goeth by it
ſelfe into Meney arme, ſo that Carnaruon ſtandeth betwéene two riuers. Botes
alſo do come to Cadwan. The name of Abermeney is not paſſing a myle aboue
Carnaruon, and yet ſome cal it Meney, til you come to Poul|tell. Then come
we to Cair Arfon or Cair|naruon, Gwiniwith mirith (or horſe brooke) two
myles from Moylethon, and it ryſeth at a well ſo called full a myle from
thence. Moylethon is a bowe ſhotte from Aber|powle, frõ whence ferry botes
go to the Ter|mone or Angleſy. Aberpowle runneth three myles into the
lande,Coute. and hath his head foure myles
beyonde Bangor in Meney ſhore: and here is a little comming in for botes
bending into the Meney.Gegyne. Aber Gegeyne
commeth out of a mountaine a myle aboue,Torron|nen.
Ogwine. and Bangar (thorow which a rillet called Torronnẽ hath
his courſe) almoſt a myle aboue it. Aber Og|wine is two miles aboue yt. It
ryſeth at Tale linne Ogwine poole fiue myles aboue Ban|gor in the eaſt ſide
of Withow.Auon. Aber Auon is two myles aboue A [...]erogwene, and it ryſeth in a Poole called Lin man Auon thrée myles of.
Auon Lan var Vehan ryſeth in a moun|taine thereby,Lanuar
Vehan. Duege|uelth. and goeth into the ſea 2. miles aboue
Duegeuelth. Auon Duegeuelth is thre myles aboue Conwey, which ryſing in the
mountaines a myle of, goeth by it ſelfe into Meney ſalt arme. On the ſaide
ſhore alſo ly|eth Penmaine, and this brooke doth runne EEBO page image 38 betwixte
Penmaine Maur, and Penmaine Vehan. It ryſeth about 3. myles from Pen|ma [...]lon hilles which lye aboute 60. myles from Conwey abbaie nowe
diſſolued. On the Northe and Weſt of this ryuer ſtandeth the towne of
Conwey, which taketh his name therof. This riuer receaueth ye Lhigwy a
pre|ty ſtreame that commeth from by weſt & ioi|neth with al a little
aboue the Riſt but on the Weſt bancke.Lighwy. The
Lighwy alſo taketh ano|ther with him that commeth from by ſouth. After this
we come to the Gele whereon A|bergele ſtandeth,Gele. and it runneth thorowe the Canges: then vnto the Roſe or
Ros and next of all to the mouth of a great hauen, wherin|to the Clude which
cõmeth from the ſouth,Cluda. Elwy. and the Elwy
that deſcendeth from ye Weſt, doe emptie their chanelles, &
betwixte which two the pontificall ſea of Bangor is ſcituate verye
pleaſantly and not farre of from the point.Alode.
Into Elwy runneth the Alode deſcen|ding from Lhin Alode eyght myles from
Denbighe and goyng by Lhan Sannan, it falleth into the Elwy in Lhan Heueth
pariſh which is ſixe myles aboue Saint Aſaph. Le|lãd calleth it Aleth.Clue doch Into Clude alſo runneth Clue Doch foure
miles lower by water then Ruthine towne: on the Weſt ſide likewyſe the
Vſtrate,Vſtrate. that commeth within halfe a
myle by ſouth of Denbighe and goeth into Clude almoſt againſt Denbighe
towne. Frõ hence to my remembraunce, and before we come to Aber Dée or the
mouth of the Dée I finde no Riuer of any countenaunce,Dea. where|fore I will haſt forth to the deſcription of that
ſtreame. It ryſeth of ſundy-heades ſouthweſt from Lintegy or Lin Tegnis, in
the countie of Penthlin wherevnto within a while they reſort and direct
their courſes, and there ioy|ning in one Channell, it commeth almoſt by Bala
a poore market towne. Then going ſtil by the ſide of Yale it paſſeth to
Berwin, where it méeteth with a rill, afterwardes to Corwen a little by
Southweſt wherof, it re|ceaueth the Alwijn a noble ſtreame which commeth
from the Northweſt out of a Lyn lying on the other ſyde of ye ſame hilles
wher|in the Alode riſeth,Alwijn. and not onely
taketh ſun|dery ryuerets and rilles withall as it goeth, but alſo runneth
with great ſwiftneſſe tyll it be ioyned with the ſame. From Corwen it goeth
to Gellon, and a fewe myles beneath Gellon it méeteth with the Kyriog, then
the Wrerham rill,Kyriog. Alin. and finally the
Alyn whoſe crinkeling ſtreames diſcende from a Lin in the Stradlin hilles,
and goyng firſt North eaſt vnto Mold or Gwidgruc, thẽ ſouthward vnto
Cargurle, and finally againe into the Northeaſt, it ſtayeth not tyll it come
at the Dée, where it méeteth about halfe a myle or more frõ the Holit with
the aforeſaide riuer. Hauing therfore receiued this water it conti|nueth the
courſe vnto Cheſter it ſelfe, and frõ thence into the Iryſh ſea as
experience hath cõfirmed. What other ryuers do fal into this ſtreame it
ſhal be ſhewed in the ſecond booke. In ye meane time hauing a good gale of
wind blowing from the South weſt, we came to Lyr poole whether the Wyuer on
the ſouthe about Frodſham & the Merſey on the north, doe fall, in
thunburdening of their channels. Wiuer water runneth among the Wiches, and
Marſey departeth Cheſter and Lanca|ſhyre in ſunder.
From hence alſo we go by
Wegam, or Dugeles: and nexte of all vnto the Ribell, which almoſt doth
enuyronne Preſton in Anderneſſe. It ryſeth in Rybbes dale about Salley
Aabbye, and from thence goeth to Salley and a lyttle beneath Salley it
re|ceiueth the Calder that cõmeth by Whaley, and then the Oder. After thys,
we come to the Wire, which ryſeth eyght or tenne miles from Garſton, out of
the Hylles on the ryght hande, and commeth by gréene Hawghe a pretye
Caſtell, belonging to the Earles of Darby, and more then halfe a myle of to
Garſton in Anderneſſe. It ebbeth and floweth alſo, thrée myles beneath
Garſtone, and at the Chappell of Alhallowes (tenne myles frõ Garſton) it
goeth into the Sea. After thys we come to Coker that maketh no great courſe
ere we come to the Sandes, by Cockerham Vyllage, where they make Salt out of
the Sandes, by often wetting, and dreauing the water from thence into a Pyt,
they ſéeth it, as at the Wiche. &c. Then to Cowder ryll, &
ſo to the Lane or Lune, that giueth name to Lancaſter, where much Romaine
money is founde.
Compare 1587 edition:
1
2 Of thys ryuer you ſhall
reade more in the ſeconde Booke. Next vnto it alſo is the Kery, halfe a mile
beyond Warton, where the rich Kitſon was borne. It ryſeth out of the hylles
not farre of, and falleth into the ſalte water at Luneſandes. From thence we
come to Bythe water, which ryſeth not farre from Bytham Towne and Parke, in
the Hilles whereabout are great numbers of goates. It is a prettye ryuer,
and by all lykelyhoode reſorteth vnto Ken ſands. Ken ryſeth at Ken more, in
a Poole of a myle compaſſe, verye well ſtored wyth fyſhe, the head whereof
(as all the Barromy of Kendal) is in Weſtmer|lande. It is alſo eyght myles
from Kendall, in the waye to Perith, and the courſe there|of is to
Newbridge, Barley, Staueley hamlet, Bowſtone, Burne ſyde bridges, EEBO page image 29 to Kendall, Leuen bridge. &c. into the ſea,
re|ceiuing the Sprout ryuer into it, a myle a|boue Fremegate bridge. Next
vnto this is ye Charte whether a freſhe water commeth, as doth another to
Conny heade ſandes.
Then come wée to Dudden
or Doden ha|uen, whether a freſhe brooke alſo reſorteth, & foure
myles from hence was Furneſſe Ab|bay vp into the mountaines. Then ſayled we
to the Eſke, whereunto commeth a brooke from Croſmets, then to the Caldes
ſerued alſo wyth a backe freſhe water: then (going about by S. Bées) to the
Wy or Ferne, to to Deruent, the Lug or Luy, and finallye to Soluey, which
parteth England & Scotland.
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1 Hauing thus gone thorowe
the ryuers of Englande, nowe it reſteth that wée procéede with thoſe which
are to bée founde vppon the Scettyſhe ſhoore, in ſuch order as we beſt maye,
vntill we haue fetched a compaſſe about the ſame, and come vnto Barwijcke,
whence afterwarde it ſhall be eaſye for vs to make repaire vnto the Thames,
from which we did ſet forwarde in the beginning of oure voiage.
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1
2
3
4
5 The fyrſte ryuer that I
mette wythall on the Scottiſh coaſt,
[...]. is the Eſke, after I came pa [...]t the Soluey which hath his heade in the Cheuiote Hylles runneth by
Kirkinton, and falleth into the Sea at Borow on the ſands. Thys Eſke hauing
receiued the Ewys fal|leth into the Soluey fyrſt at Atterith. After thys I
paſſed ouer [...] lyttle créeke from Kyr|thell, and ſo to Anand, whereof the valleye
Anandale doth ſéeme to take ye name. There is alſo the Nyde, wheref commeth
Nidſdale, the Ken, the Dée, the Craie, and the Blad|necke, and al theſe
beſides dyuers other ſmal rylles of leſſe name doe lye vpon the ſouth coaſt
of Galloway. On the north ſide alſo we haue the Ruan, the Arde, the Eaſſile
Dune, the Burwin, the Cluide, (whereupon ſome|tyme ſtoode the famous citie
of Alcluyde, and whereinto runneth the Carath) the Hamell, the Dourgleſſe,
and the Lame. From hence in lyke manner, wée came vnto the Leuind mouth,
wherunto the Blake on the ſouthweſt and the Lomundelake, with his fleting
Iſles and fiſh without finnes, (yet very holeſome) doth ſéeme to make hys
iſſue. Thys lake of Lomund in calme wheather, ryſeth ſome|times ſo high and
ſwelleth with ſuch terrible Billowes, that it cauſeth the beſt Marriners of
Scotlande to abyde the leyſure of this wa|ter, before they haue aduenture to
hoyſs vp ſayles, on hie. The like is ſéene in windye weather, but much more
perillous: There are certeine Iſles alſo in the ſame, which mooue and
remooue, oftentymes by force of the water, but one of them eſpeciallye,
which otherwyſe is very fruitefull for paſturage of Cattel Next [...] this is the Leue,Leue. Long. Goylee. Heke.
Robinſey. Forlan. Tarbat. Lean. Abyr. Arke. Zeſe. Sell. Zord. Owyn.
Newiſſe. Orne. Lang. Drun. Hew. Brun. Kile. Dowr, Faro. Neſſe. Herre.
Con. Glaſſe. Maur. Vrdàll. Feſſe. Calder. Wifle. Browre. Clyn. Twine.
Shin Syllan. Carew. Neſſe. Narding. Spaie. Downe. Dée. Eſke. the
Rage the Longe, the Goyle, & the Heke, which for the excéeding
greatneſſe of theire heades are called lakes. Then haue we the Robinſey, the
forelande, the Tarbat, the Lean, and the Abyr, wherevnto the Spanſey, the
Loyne, the Louth, the Arke, and the Zefe doe fall, there is alſo the Sell,
the Zord the Owyn, the Newiſſe, the Orne, the Lang, the Drun, the Hew, the
Brun, the Kell, the Dowr, the Faro, ye Neſſe, the Herre, the Con, ye
Glaſſe the Maur, the Vrdall, the Fe [...]s (that cõmeth out of the Caldell) the Fairſo [...]e which two latter lye a lyttle by weſt of the Orchades, and are
properly called ryuers, bicauſe they iſſue onely from ſpringes, but moſt of
the o|ther lakes, bicauſe they come from [...] innes, [...] and huge pooles, or ſuch lowe bottomes, fed [...]e with ſpringes, as ſéeme to haue no acceſſe, but onelye receſſe of
waters, wherof there be many in Scotlande. But to procéede hauyng once paſt
Dungiſby heade in Cathneſſe, we ſhall ere long come to ye mor [...]th [...] the W [...]ſte, a pretty ſtreame, comming by ſouth of the Mountaynes called the
Maydens pappes. Thon to the Browre, the Clyn, the Twyn, (wherunto runneth
thrée ryuers, the Shy [...], the Sillan, & Carew) the Neſſe which beſide the plenty of
Samon founde therein is neuer frozen, nor ſuffereth yſe to remaine there,
that is caſt into the poole. From thence wée come vnto the Narding, the
Fynderne, the Spai [...], (which receiueth the Vine,) ye Fitch, the Buliche, the Arrian, the
Leuin, and the Boghe, from whence we ſayle, vntill we come about the Buquhan
head, and ſo to the Downe, and Dée: which two ſtreames bring forth the
greateſt Samons, that are to be had in Scotland, and moſt plentye of the
ſame. Then to the North Eſke where into the Eſ|mond runneth aboue Brech [...], the Southe Eſke, then the Louen and the Tawe, which is the fyneſt
Ryuer for water that is in all Scotland, and whereunto moſt Ryuers and lakes
doe runne. As Farlake, Yrth, Goure, Loiche, Cannach, Lynell, [...]oyon, Irewer, Erne, and diuers other beſides ſmall rylleis which I did
neuer loke vppon. Then is there the lake Londors vppon whoſe mouth Saint
Androwes doth ſtande, the Lake Le|win vnto whole ſtreame two other Lakes
[...] recou [...] in Fi [...]land, and then the Fyrt [...]
[...] Fortha, which ſome doe call the Scotiſh [...] ſea, and with the Ryuer laſte mencioned (I meane that commeth from
Londors) inclu|deth all Fife, the ſaide Forthe beyng full of Oyſters and all
kindes of huge fyſhe that vſe EEBO page image 39 to lye in the déepe. How many
waters runne into the Fyrth, it is not in my power iuſtlye to declare, yet
are there both Ryuers, Rilles, and Lakes that fall into the ſame,Clack. Alon. Dune. Kery. Cambell. Cumer. Tere. Man.
Torkeſon. Roſham. Muſſell. Blene. Twede. as Clack, Alon, Dune,
Kery, Cambell, Cumer, Tere, Man, Torkeſon, Roſhan, Muſhell, Blene, and
dyuers other which I call by theſe names, partly after information, and
partly of ſuch townes as are néere vnto their heds. Finally when we are
paſte the Hay then are we come vnto the Twede and ſoone after in|to England
againe.
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1
2
3
4
5 The Twede is a noble
riuer and the limes or bounde betwéene England and Scotland,
whereby thoſe two kingdomes are nowe di|uided in ſunder. It riſeth about
Drimlar in Euſdale (or rather out of a faire Wel as Le|land ſaith ſtanding
in the moſſe of an hill cal|led Airſtane, or Hareſtan in Twede dale 10.
miles from Pibble) and ſo comming by Pib|ble, Lander, Drybiwgh, lelſe,
Warke, Nor|ham and Hagarſtone, it falleth into the ſea beneath Barwijc as I
heare: Thus ſaith Le|land, but I not contented with this ſo ſhorte a
diſcourſe of ſo long a Ryuer and briefe de|ſcription of ſo faire a ſtreame,
wil adde ſome|what more of the ſame concerning his race on the Engliſhe
ſide, and rehearſall of ſuche Ryuers as fall into the ſame. Cõming
ther|fore to Ridam, it receyueth betwéene that & Carham a becke
which deſcendeth from the hilles that lye by Weſt of Windram. Go|ing alſo
from Rydam by Longbridgeham (on the Scottiſhe ſide) and to Carham, it
ha|ſteth immediately to Warke caſtell on the Engliſhe, and by Spylaw on the
other ſide, then to Cornewall, Cal [...] ſtreame, and Tille|mouth where it receiueth ſundry waters in one
botome which is called the Till, & whoſe deſcription inſueth here at
hand.Tyll. Certes there is no head of any Ryuer
that is named Till, but the yſſue of the fardeſt water that com|meth
hereinto, ryſeth not farre from ye head of Vſwaie in the Cheuiote hilles,
where i [...] is called Bromis. From thence it goeth to Hartſide Ingram Brantõ,
Crawley, Hedge|ley, Beuely, Bewijc, and Bewijc, beneath which it receiueth
one water comming from Rodham by Weſt and ſone after a ſecond de|ſcending
from the Middletons, and ſo they go as one with the Bromiſhe,Bromis. by Chatton to Fowbrey (where they croſſe the
third water falling downe by North from Howborne by Heſel bridg) thence to
Woller, there alſo ta|king in a rill that riſeth about Middleton hal,
& runneth by Hardley, Whereley, and ye reſt afore remembred, wherby
the water of Bro|mis is not a little increaſed, and after this latter
conf [...]uence beneath Woller, no more called Bromis but the Till, vntill it
come at the Twede. The Till paſſing therefore by Weteland and Dedington,
méeteth ſon [...] af|ter with a fayre ſtreame comming from by Southweſt, which moſt men
call the Bow|bent or Bobent.Bo [...]
It riſeth on the Weſt ſide of the Cocklaw hill, and from thence
haſteth to Hai [...]ons beneath the which it ioyneth from by ſoutheaſt with the
Hellerborne, and then goeth to Pudſton, Downeham, Kilham, and a little by
North of Newton Kyrke, and be|twéene it and Weſt Newton, it taketh in
an|other water cõming from the Cheuiote hils by Heth poole, and from
thenceforth runneth on without any farder increaſe, by Copland Euart and ſo
into the Till. The Till for his part in lyke ſorte after this confluence
goeth to Broneridge, Fodcaſtell, Eatall caſtell Heaton and North of
Tilmouthe into the Twede, or by Weſt of Weſell, excepte my memorie doe falle
me. After this alſo [...]ur a|foreſaid water of Twede deſcendeth to Gro|tehughe, the
Newbiggins, Norham caſtell, Foord, Lungridge,Whit [...]
and croſſing the Whita|ker on the other ſide from Scotland beneath
Cawmill, it runneth to Ordo, to Barwicke and to into the Ocean, leauing ſo
much Eng|liſhe ground on the Northweſt ripe as lyeth in manner of a triangle
betwéene Cawm [...]l|les, Barwi [...] and Lammeton, which is two myles and an halfe euery waye, or not much
more excepte I be deceiued. Beyng paſt this noble ſtreame, we came by a rill
that deſcen|deth from Bowſden by Barington. Then by the ſecond which ariſeth
betwéene Middleton and Detcham and runneth by Eſkill and the Roſſe. Next of
all to Warnemouth of whoſe back water I read as foloweth.Warne. The Warne or Gwerne ryſeth Southweſt of Crokelaw, and
goyng by Warneford, Bradford, Spin|dleſtone, and Budill, it leaueth Newton
on the right hand, and ſo falleth into the Ocean after it hath runne almoſt
n [...]ne myles from the heade within the lande. From Warne|mouth, we ſayled
by Bamborow caſtell, and came at laſt to a fall betwéene Bedwell and Newton:
The firſt water that ſerueth this iſſue, riſeth aboue Carleton from the
foote of an hill which ſéemeth to part the head of this & that of
Warne in ſunder. It runneth alſo by Carleton, Tonley, Dorford, Brunton and
Tuggell, and finally into the ſea as to his courſe appertaineth.Aile, or Alne. From this water we went by Dunſtanbugh
vnto the Aile or Alne mouth which is ſerued with a pretty riueret called
Alne, the heade whereof riſeth in the hilles weſt of Aluham towne. From
thence alſo it runneth by Ryle, Kyle, Eſlington, and Whittingham where it
croſſeth a rill com|ming EEBO page image 30 from by ſouth, and beneath the
ſame, the ſecond that deſcendeth from Eirchild at Brone, & likewyſe
the thirde that riſeth at Newton and runneth by Edlingham caſtell and
Lemmaton, (all on the Southeaſt ſide or right hande,) and ſo paſſeth on
farder till it méete with the fourth comming from aboue Shipley from by
North, after which conflu|ence it goeth to Alnewijc and then to Den|nijc,
receyuing there a rillet from by South and a rill from by Northe, and thence
goyng on to Bilton, betwéene Ailmouth towne and Wooddon, it ſwepeth into the
Ocean.
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1
[...]ket.The Cocket is a goodly ryuer, the head alſo thereof is
in the rootes of Kembleſpeth hils, from whence it goeth to Whiteſide,
[...]ie. & there méeting wyth the Vſwaye (which
deſcendeth from the North,) it goeth a little farder to Linbridge, &
there receyueth the Ridley by ſouth weſt. It ioineth alſo ere long with the
Rydlande, which commeth in north, by Bil|ſtone,
[...]ley. and then hyeth to Sharpeton, to Har|botle, where it
croſſeth the Yardop water, by ſouth,
[...]dop. then to Woodhouſe, to Bickerton, to Toſſons, Newton,
and running a pace to|warde Whitton Towre, it taketh a Brooke with all that
commeth in northweſt of Alne|ham, néere Elihaw, and goeth by Skarne|wood,
Ouer nether Trewhet, Snitter, and Throxton, and ſone after vniteth it ſelf
with the Cocket, from whence they go together to Rethbury, or Whitton Towre,
to Haly, to Brinkehorne, Welden, Elihaw, Felton, (re|ceiuing thereabout the
Fareſley brooke, that goeth by wintring by ſouth eaſt; & Sheldike
water, that goeth by Haſon, to Brainſaughe by north) & from thence
to Morricke caſtell, and ſo into the Sea.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 There is furthermore a
litle fall, betwéene Hawkeſlaw & Dunrith, which ryſeth about Stokes
wood, goeth by eaſt Cheuington, and Whittington caſtell, &
afterwarde into the Ocean.
[...]ne. The Lune is a pretye brooke ryſing weſt of Eſpley, frõ
whence it goeth to Trit|lington, Vgham, Linton, and ere long in the Sea.
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1
[...]nſbeck.Wanſbecke is farre greater then the Lu|ne. It iſſueth
vp weſt and by north, of weſt Whelpington, thence it runneth to kyrke
Whelpington, Wallington, Middleton, and Angerton. Here it méeteth with a
water running frõ about Farnelaw, by ye grange, and Hartborne on the
north, and then goyng from Angerton, it runneth by Moſeden to Mitforth, and
there in lyke maner croſſeth ye Font,
[...]ont, alias [...]ont. which iſſuing out of the ground about new Biggin, goeth
by Nonney kyrke, Wit|ton caſtel, Stanton, Nunriding, Newton, & ſo
into ye Wanſbecke, which runneth in lyke maner from Mitforde to M [...]r [...]heth caſtell, (within two myles whereof, it [...]beth & flow|eth) the newe Chappell, Bottle caſtel, Shep|waſhe,
and ſo into the ſea, thrée myles from the next hauen which is called
Blithe.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 Blithe water ryſeth about
kirke Heaton,Blithe. and goeth by Belſe, Ogle, and
receyuing the broket that cõmeth by the Diſſingtons and Barwijc on the
hill, it runneth by Harford, Bedlington, Cowpon, and at Blithes nuke, into
the déepe Ocean.
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1
Hartley.Hartley ſtreamelet ryſeth in Wéeteſlade
parioche, goeth by Halliwell, and at Hartley towne yéeldeth to the Sea.
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1
2 The Tine ryſeth of two
heades,north. Tine whereof ye called north
Tine, is the firſt that followeth to be deſcribed. It ſpringeth vp aboue
Bel|kirke in the hylles, and thence goeth to But|terhawghe, (where it
receiueth the Shele) thence to Cragſheles, Leapeliſh, Shilburne,Shele. Yarro, Smalburne, Elis, Greneſted Heſla|ſide,
Billingham, and at Reaſdmouth, taketh in the Reade,Reade. and in the meane time ſundrye other rilles, comming from
by north & ſouth,Shillng|ton. whereof I
haue no knowledge, neyther anye regarde to write, bycauſe they are obſure,
ſmal, and without denominations.3. Burnes After
this confluence it paſſeth to Léehall, to Carehouſe (croſſing Shillingtõ
rill by weſt) another al|ſo beneath thys on the ſame ſide, made by the
confluence of Workes burne, and Myddle burne, at Roſeburne, beſyde ye thyrd
aboue, & Symons burne beneath Sheperhaſe, then to S. Oſmondes, to
Wall, to Ackam, and ſo in|to ſouth Tine, beneath Accam, & northweſt
as I doe wene of Herax.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 The South Tine ariſeth in
the Chen [...]ote hilles,Tine. S. and eare it hath gone
farre from the head it méeteth with Eſgyll on the eaſt,Eſgyll. and another rill on the Weſt, and ſo going by the houſes
toward Awſten moore, it ioyneth with Schud from by weſt, and ſoone after
with the Vent from by Eaſt aboue Lowbiere.Vent
Gilderſ|becke. From Lowbier it goeth to Whitehalton, to Kyrke
Haugh (croſſing ye gilders Becke) to Thorn|hope, where it is inlarged wyth
a water on eache ſide, to Williams Stone, and almoſt at Knareſdale, taketh
in the Knare,Knare. and then runneth withall to
Fetherſtone angle. At Fetherſtone angle lykewiſe it méeteth wyth harley
water, by South weſt, another a lytle beneath from ſoutheaſt, and thence
when it commeth to Bylleſter caſtell, it caryeth ano|ther with all from by
weſt, after which con|fluence it goeth to Harltweſell, Vnthanke,
Wilmoteſwijc, receiuing one ryl by ye way, and another there from the
ſouth, as it doth the thyrd from Bradly hall by north, and the Alon by the
ſouth, whereby his greatneſſe EEBO page image 40 is not a little augmented. From
Willy|motſwijc, it goeth to Lées, Haddonbridge, Woodhall, Owmers, Wherneby,
Coſtely, and ſo by Warden (ſoone after receyuing the North Tine) thẽ to
Hexham, & Dilſtan, croſ|ſing two waters by the waye, whereof one
commeth from by ſouth, another lower then the ſame from Riſing ouer againſt
Burell. From Dilſtã it goeth to Eltingham, Prud|do, Willam (and there it
méeteth further|more with a beck that goeth betwéene Ben|well and Redhoughe)
then to Repon, Blay|don,Derwent. and next of all
with the Derwent, from by ſouth which riſeth alſo about Kneden of two
heades, and goyng by Acton Aſperſheles Berneford ſide, Ebcheſter,
Blackehall, and Willington, finally falleth into the Tine be|neath Redhughe
and before it come to New|caſtell, from whence alſo the Tine goeth by
Fellin, Hedburne, Iello, Sheles and ſo into the ſea.
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1
Were. Burdop. Wallop. Kellop.The Were riſeth of
thrée heades, in Kel|loppeſlaw hill, whereof the moſt ſoutherly is called
Burdop, the middlemoſt Wallop and the Northerlieſt Kellop, which vniting
them ſelues about S. Iohns Chappell, or a little by Weſt thereof, their
confluence runneth tho|row Stanhope parke, by eaſt Yare, and ſo to
Froſterley. Here it receiueth thrée rilles frõ the North in Weredale,
whereof one com|meth in by Stanhop, another weſt of Wood|croſt Hall, and the
third at Froſterley afore mencioned, Howbeit a little beneath theſe, I finde
yet a fourth on the ſouthe ſide, which deſcendeth from ſouthweſt by Bolliop,
By|ſhopſley, Milhouſes, and Landew, as I haue béene informed. Beyng
therefore vnited al wt the Were, this ſtreame goeth on to Wal|ſingham there
taking in the Waſcropburne, beſide another at Bradley,Waſcrop. the thyrde at Harpley Hall, (and theſe on the
Northſide,) and the fourth betwéene Witton and Wit|tõ caſtel called
Bedburne cõming by Ham|ſterley wherby this riuer doth now ware ve|ry
great.Bedburne Going therefore frõ hence, it
haſteth to Byſhops Akelande, Newfield, and Wil|lington. But néere vnto this
place alſo and ſomewhat beneath Sunderland, the Were croſſeth one brooke
from ſoutheaſt by Het & Cordale, and two other from by northweſt in
one botome, whereof the firſt commeth from Aſhe by Langley, ye other from
Beare parke, and ſo méeting beneath Relley with the other they fall both as
one into the Were betwéene Sunderland, and Burnall. From hence our Ryuer
goeth to Howghwell, Shirkeley, olde Dureſme (and there taking in the Pidding
brooke by Northeaſt) it goeth to Dureſme,Pidding|brooke. Finkeley Harbarhouſe, Lumley Caſtell, (where it
méeteth with the Pilis,P [...]
whoſe heds are vnited betwéene Pelton and Whitwell) and from thence
to Lampton, the Bedwiks, Vfferton, Furd, and ſo into the ſea betwéene
Sunderland and Munkermouth.
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1 Beyng thus paſſed the
Tine, and ere we come at the mouth of the Theſe almoſt by 2. myles, we méete
with a prettye fall, which groweth by a Ryuer that is increaſed with two
waters, whereof one riſeth by northweſt at Moretõs, and goeth by Stotfeld
and Clax|ton, the other at Dawlton: goyng by Breer|ton, Owtham, and Grettam,
finally ioyning within two miles of the ſea, they make a pre|ty portlet but
I know not of what ſecurity.
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1
2
3 The Theſe riſeth in the blacke lowes,Th [...]
a|boue two myles flat weſt of the ſoutherlye head of Were called
Burdop, and thẽce run|neth thorow Tildale forreſt: and taking in the
Langdon water from northweſt it run|neth to Durtpit chappell, to New Biggin,
& ſo to Middleton. Here it receyueth by weſt of eche of theſe a Rill
comming from by North,Hude (of which the laſt is
called Hude) & likewiſe the Lune by ſouthweſt, that riſeth at thrée
ſe|uerall places, whereof the firſt is in the bor|ders of Weſtmerland and
there called Arne|gyll becke, the ſecond more ſoutherly, named Lune becke,
and the thirde by ſouth,Lune Ar [...]
at Ban|dor Skath hill, and méeting all aboue Arne|gill houſe, they
runne together in one bo|tome to Lathekyrke bridge, and then into the Theſe.
Hauing therefore mette with theſe,Skirk+with. it
runneth to Mickelton (and there taking in the Skirkwith water) it goeth
Rumbald kirke (croſſing there alſo one Rill and the Bander brooke) and then
goyng to Morewood hagge,Ba [...]
& Morewood parke,Rere [...]
til it come to Bernards ca|ſtle. Here alſo it receyueth a water
cõmyng eaſt of Rere croſſe, frõ the ſpittle in Stãmore by Crag almoſt
ſouthweſt, and being vnited wt the Theſe, it goth by Stratford, Egleſdon,
Rokeſby, Thorpe, Wickliffe, Ouington, and betwene Barfurth, &
Gainfurth: meteth with another Rill, that commeth from Langley foreſt,
betwene Raby caſtle and Standorpe. But to procéede, the Theſe beyng paſt
Ram|forth, it runneth betwene Perſore & Cliffe, and in the way to
Croftes bridge,Ske [...]
taketh in ye Skerne a pretye water which riſeth about Trimdon, and
goeth by Fiſhburne, Bradbu|ry, Preſton and Darlington: and finally mée|ting
with the Cocke becke, it falleth into the Theſe beneath Stapleton, before it
come at Croftes bridge. From thence it runneth to Sockburne, nether Dunsley,
Midleton row, Newsham, Yarne (crossing a broke fro(m) Leuen bridge) to
Barwicke Preston, Thorne Abbaie and Arsham, which standeth on the
South
EEBO page image 31 Southeast side of the riuer betwene the falles of two
waters: wherof one descendeth from west Hartburne, the other from
Stillington. From Arsham finally it goeth to Bellazis Midleburgh, and so
into the sea.
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1 Next of all [...] vnto the high Cliffe water, which riſing [...] by Giſdoro [...], & there [...]eth another ſtreame comming from by ſouth eaſt, and then conti|nuyng
in his courſe, it is not long [...] it fal in|to the ſea.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 The next is the Scaling
water, which de|ſcendeth from Scaling towne, from whence we come to the
Molemouth, not farre from whoſe had ſtandeth Molgraue caſtle: then to
Sandford creke, & next of all to Eſ [...] mouth, which riſeth aboue Danby wood, and ſo goeth to Caſtleton,
there méeting by the way with another Rill comming from about Weſter|dale by
Danby, and ſo they goe on together by Armar and Thwatecaſtle (till they
ioyne with another water aboue Glaſdale chappel) thence to new Biggin,
taking yet another brooke with them, running from Goodlande warde, (and
likewiſe the Ibur) and ſo goe on without any further increaſe by Buſworth,
ere long into the ſea.
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1 There is alſo a creke on
eche ſide of Robin Whoods bay, of whoſe names and courſes, I haue no ſkil
ſauing that Fillingale the towne doth ſtand betwene them both.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 There is another not
farre from Scar|borow, on the North ſide called the Harwood brooke. It
runneth thorow Harwoode Dale by Cloughton, Buniſton, and ſoone after
mée|ting with another Rill on the ſouthweſt, they runne as one into the
Ocean ſea.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 From Scarborow to
Bridlington by Flã|borow hed, we met with no more falles. This water
therfore that we ſaw at Bridlington, riſeth at Duggleby, from whence it
goeth to Kirby, Helperthorpe, Butterwijc, Boithorp, Foxhole, (where it
falleth into the ground & riſeth vp againe at Rudſton) Thorpe,
Ca|thorpe, Bridlington, and ſo into the Ocean.
Compare 1587 edition:
1 Being come about ye
Spurne hed, I méete ere long with a riuer that riſeth ſhort of Wi|therſey,
and goeth by Fodringham, and Wi|ſted: from thence, to another that commeth
by Roſſe, Halſham, Carmingham: then to the third, which riſeth aboue
Humbleton, and goeth to Eſterwijc, Heddon, and ſo into the Humber. The 4.
ſpringeth ſhort of Sprotte|ley, goeth by Wytton, and falleth into the water
of Humber at Merflete, as I heare.
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1
[...]ll. The next of all is the Hull water, which I will describe
also here, and then crosse ouer unto the southerly shore. The furdest head
of Hull water riseth at Kilham, from whence it goeth to Lewthorpe creke, and
so to Fodringham, a little beneath which it meeteth with sondry waters,
wherof one falleth in on the North east side, comming from about Lisset, the
second on the Northwest banke fro(m) Nafferton: the third from Emmeswell
& Kirkeburne, (for it hath two heds, which ioyne beneath little
Dryfeld) and the 4. which falleth into the same: so that these two latter
runne unto ye maine riuer both in one chanell, as
experience hath confirmed. From hence then our Hull goeth to Rattesey to
Goodalehouse, & the(n) taking in a water from Hornesie Mere, it
goeth on thorowe Beuerley medowes, by Warron, Stoneferry, Hull, and finally
into the Humber. Of the Rill that falleth into this water from South
netherwijc by Skyrlow, and the two Rilles that come from Cockingham and
Wolverton, I saye no more, sith it is inough to name them in their
order.